AN OVERVIEW OF INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN DVC PREPARED BY DIPANKAR CHAUDHURI...
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Transcript of AN OVERVIEW OF INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN DVC PREPARED BY DIPANKAR CHAUDHURI...
AN OVERVIEW OF INTEGRATED WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT IN DVC
PREPARED BY DIPANKAR CHAUDHURI SE(CIVIL), DVC
GUIDED BY
S. B. PANDEY DCE(CIVIL), DVC
HISTORY OF DAMODAR RIVER VALLEY• THE RECORDS OF THE BENGAL GOVERNMENT FOR THE PERIOD 1852-1923
SHOW THAT THE RIVER BREACHED ITS BANKS FREQUENTLY. THE GOVERNMENT WAS FORCED TIME AND AGAIN TO TAKE UP DIFFERENT PLANS FOR FLOOD CONTROL WORKS. NOTABLY LARGE FLOODS CAUSED WIDE SPREAD DAMAGE IN THE YEARS 1823, 1840, 1877, 1913, 1935, 1939, 1941, AND 1943.
• FLOOD CONTROL BY MEANS OF RESERVOIRS WAS CONSIDERED AS EARLY AS 1863. BRITISH ENGINEERS WISHING TO LOCATE DAM SITES SURVEYED ONE RESERVOIR SITE IN JANUARY 1864.
• IN 1902 A RESERVOIR SITE WAS PROPOSED AT BARAKAR ABOVE THE CONFLUENCE OF THE BARAKAR AND USRI RIVERS. AFTER THE SEVERE FLOOD OF 1913, A LARGE RESERVOIR WAS PROPOSED ONCE MORE FOR THAT SITE.
• IN 1919, THE IDEA OF USING MULTIPLE RESERVOIRS WAS CONCEIVED. THE IDEA WAS TO USE THREE DAMS – ONE ON DAMODAR RIVER, ONE ON THE BARAKAR RIVER AND ONE ON THE USRI RIVER.
• CONSTRUCTION OF DAMODAR CANAL (ANDERSON) BEGAN IN 1926 AND COMPLETED IN 1933.
• THE GOVERNOR OF BENGAL SET UP THE DAMODAR FLOOD ENQUIRY COMMITTEE IN 1943 & ITS REPORT (AUG 1944) SUGGESTS THE CREATION OF AN AUTHORITY SIMILAR TO THAT OF TVA.
• DVC WAS FORMED IN THE YEAR 1948 BY THE ACT OF CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY OF GOVERNMENT OF INDIA
FUNCTIONS OF THE CORPORATION
• THE PROMOTION AND OPERATION OF SCHEMES FOR IRRIGATION, WATER SUPPLY AND DRAINAGE
• THE PROMOTION AND OPERATION OF SCHEMES FOR THE GENERATION, TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC ENERGY, BOTH HYDRO-ELECTRICAL AND THERMAL
• THE PROMOTION AND OPERATION OF SCHEMES FOR FLOOD CONTROL IN THE DAMODAR RIVER AND ITS TRIBUTARIES AND THE CHANNELS, IF ANY, EXCAVATED BY THE CORPORATION IN CONNECTION WITH THE SCHEME AND FOR THE IMPROVEMENT OF FLOW CONDITIONS IN THE HOOGHLY RIVER,
• THE PROMOTION AND CONTROL OF NAVIGATION IN THE DAMODAR RIVER AND ITS TRIBUTARIES AND CHANNELS, IF ANY
• THE PROMOTION OF AFFORESTATION AND CONTROL OF SOIL EROSION IN THE DAMODAR VALLEY, AND
• THE PROMOTION OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND THE AGRICULTURAL, INDUSTRIAL, ECONOMIC AND GENERAL WELL-BEING IN THE DAMODAR VALLEY AND ITS AREA OF OPERATION.
CORPORATE OBJECTIVES
• GENERATE MORE POWER AT LOWEST POSSIBLE COST
• TRANSMIT, DISTRIBUTE AND SUPPLY RELIABLE AND QUALITY POWER
• ADOPTION OF EFFICIENT INDUSTRIAL, COMMERCIAL AND HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
• OPTIMUM UTILIZATION OF AVAILABLE WATER RESOURCES AND HARNESSING THE REMAINING POTENTIAL OF THE BASIN TO THE EXTENT POSSIBLE
• TO FORTIFY MEASURES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AT PLANT LEVELS AND TO CONTINUE WITH THE EFFECTIVE ECO-CONSERVATION ACTIVITIES IN THE VALLEY AREA.
• STRENGTHENING OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT FOR THE INHABITANTS OF NEIGHBORING VILLAGES OF THE MAJOR PROJECTS
THE TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY (TVA) - A PARTIAL MODEL FOR THE DAMODAR VALLEY CORPORATION (DVC)
BRIEF COMPARISON
UNIT TENNESSEE DAMODAR
CATCH AREA Sq. Mile 40,200 8,500
RIVER LENGTH Miles 652 336
FOREST COVER Acres 13,000,000 6,000,000
(1930) (1948)
MEAN YEARLY R/F Inches 51 45
MEAN YLY RUNOFF % of rainfall 42 35
DAM (MAJOR) Nos. 39 5
POPULATION Nos. 2,800,000 (1930) 10,720,485 (1971)
14,076,399 (1991)
DAMODAR VALLEY RESERVOIR REGULATION COMMITTEE (DVRRC)
COMMITTEE IS FRAMED COMPRISING OF THE MEMBERS OF THE STAKE HOLDER STATES I.E. JHARKHAND AND WEST BENGAL, AS WELL AS MEMBERS OF DVC AND CENTRAL WATER COMMISSION - A PIVOT BODY OF GOVERNMENT OF INDIA.
ROLE OF COMMITTEE IS FRAMING OF POLICY (OPERATION MANUAL) AND TO REGULATE THE OPERATION OF ALL THE RESERVOIRS INCLUDING ALLOCATION OF WATER TO DIFFERENT AGENCIES FOR DIFFERENT USES.
MAJOR ACTIVITIES TAKEN UP BY DVC
• INSTALLATION OF 39 AUTOMATIC RAIN GAUGE STATIONS• MODIFICATION OF THE EXISTING OPERATIONAL GUIDE CURVES• RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT• FLOOD FORECAST MANAGEMENT• HYDRAULIC DATA MANAGEMENT• CREATION OF STORAGE• DE-SILTATION WORK• PISCICULTURE• MASTER PLAN• DRIP• ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT• SOIL CONSERVATION• DAM BREAK ANALYSIS• EAP (EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN) & DMP (DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN)• REHABILATION AND RE-SETTLEMENT (R & R)• SEDIMENTATION SURVEY OF RESERVOIRS• SOCIAL INTEGRATION PROGRAMME
MUNICIPAL & INDUSTRIAL WATER SUPPLYSUPPLYING WATER TO ABOUT 170 MUNICIPAL & INDUSTRIAL AGENCIES FROM MACKLUKXIGUANGE NEAR DALTANGUANGE IN JHARKHAND TO PANAGARH IN WB.
MAIN INDUSTRIAL CONSUMERS
• COAL INDIA• STEEL PLANTS• THERMAL PLANTS• RAILWAYS• CEMENT FACTORIES• HFCL, DPL, STPS ETC.
MAIN DOMESTIC CONSUMERS
• JHARIA WATER BOARD• DHANBAD WATER WORKS•ASANSOL RANIGUNGE & DURGAPUR MUNICIPALITIES•PUBLIC HEALTH ENGINEERING DEPARTMENTS (JHARKHAND & W. BENGAL) ETC.
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
0.30 0.31 0.33 0.36 0.41 0.54 0.55 0.56 0.58 0.61 0.63
Jharkhand M & I drawal
MUNICIPAL AND INDUSTRIAL WATER WITHDRAWALWithdrawal in MCM/Day
2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
0.68 0.73 0.79 0.79 0.85 0.89 0.91 0.92 0.95 0.97 1.01
West Bengal M & I Drawal
IRRIGATION AREA
WEST BENGALKharif Irrigation potential: 9,73,000 acre (3,93,763 hectare)Rabi irrigation potential : 55,000 acre (22,258 hectare)
JHARKHAND
Kharif Rabi Total Hectare Hectare HectareCheck dams (16,882) 64,748 64,748Small ReservoirsJamunia 1458 1,458Charwa 405 405Gonda 931 931ProposedKonar Reservoir 47,849 14,074 61,923Balpahari Reservoir 40,468 40,468
1,69,933
Target Achieved300,000
310,000
320,000
330,000
340,000
350,000
360,000
370,000
380,000
390,000
400,000
KHARIF IRRIGATION IN WEST BENGAL
Irrigable area in Hectare
Target Achieved20,400
20,600
20,800
21,000
21,200
21,400
21,600
21,800
22,000
22,200
22,400
RABI IRRIGATION IN WEST BENGAL
irrigable area in Hectare
2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-2013 2013-2014
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
PERFORMANCE OF KHARIF IRRIGATION SUPPLY
Drawal for Kharif
Indent for Kharif
Allocation for Kharif
Volu
me
of w
ater
in M
CM
2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-2013 2013-2014
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
PERFORMANCE OF COMBINED RABI & BORO IRRIGATION
Indent: Rabi + BoroDrawal: Rabi + BoroAllocated: Rabi + BoroAllocated: Rabi
Volu
me
of w
ater
in M
CM
Sep, 1958
Oct, 1959
Oct, 1961
Oct, 1963
Oct, 1963
Jul, 1971
Oct, 1973
Sep, 1978
Aug, 1980
Sep, 1980
Jun, 1984
Jun, 1984
Aug, 1987
Sep, 1987
Sep, 1995
Sep, 2000
Sep, 2006
Sep, 2007
Sep, 2009
Aug, 2011
Oct, 2013
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
FLOOD MODERATION AT DOWN STREAM OF MAITHON & PANCHET DAMS
M & P Combined Peak Inflow M & P Combined Peak Outflow Down stream Channel Capacity
Disc
harg
e in
Cum
ec
A VIEW OF DAMODAR VALLEY RESERVOIR STORAGE AND FLOOD MODERATION
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Flood Live Total Flood Moderation Capacity Storage Storage Storage Combined Peak Moderated Inflow Outflow (MCM) (Cumec)
----------------------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Original Plan 3579 2838 7009 28321 7085 1st Stage of 1851 1318 3812 18420 7085 DVC Dams Achieved 1116 1318 3077 17003 7085 in 1ST stage Current 971 926 2206 14169 3684 position
Loss in % 13 30 28 NA NA ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DeadLive
Flood
206
607
382
93
441
334
Maithon Original Survey 1955
Secondary survey 2002
STORAGE IN MCM
Dead Live Flood
236 252
500
106169
434
PanchetOriginal survey 1956Secondary survey 2011
Dead Live Flood
141
238178
75
141 165
Tilaiya
Original survey 1953
Secondary survey 1987
Dead Live Flood
60
221
5635
175
38
Konar
Original survey 1955
Secondary survey1987
Original Plan 1st Phase utilisable Current
7009
3077
22062838
1318 926
3579
1116 971
DVC SYSTEM STORAGEStorage in MCM
GrossLiveFlood
LOSS OF CAPACITY IN % Maithon Panchet Tilaiya KonarDead 54.85 55.08 46.81 41.67Live 27.35 32.94 40.76 20.81Flood 12.57 13.20 7.30 32.14Gross 27.36 28.24 31.60 26.41
2011 2025 2050
1.79
3.7
7.42
1.722.056
3.6
STATE WISE FOOD GRAIN DEMAND IN DAMODAR BASINFood grain in Metric Tonne
Jharkhand
West Bengal
19711981
19912025
2050
1072048511234481
14076399
26406060
38804280
POPULATION GROWTH IN DAMODAR VALLEY
Population
TILAIYA DAM KONAR FLOOD RELEASE
TOURISM AT MAITHON DAM DURGAPUR BARRAGE
HEAD REGULATOR AT DURGAPUR BARRAGE NAVIGATION HEAD REGULATOR
IRRIGATION LEFT BANK MAIN CANAL
MAJOR ISSUES FACED BY DVC• LAND ACQUISITION • REHABILITATION AND RESETTLEMENT• FLOOD OPERATION • LOWER DAMODAR CHANNEL CAPACITIES• OPERATION OF THE TENUGHAT RESERVOIR• ACTIVITIES WITHOUT KNOWLEDGE OF DVC• ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT• CAPITAL SHARING• FUND• ILLITERACY• POLITICAL WILL• EMPLOYMENT• EXTRACTION OF FULL BENEFITS (TPD ETC)• EROSION & SEDIMENTATION• SHARING OF WATER• TECHNOLOGY • LACK OF PRO-ACTIVE PARTICIPATION OF STAKE HOLDERS
STRATEGIES TO COMBAT ISSUES
• FLOOD CUSHION OF TILAIYA AND KONAR RESERVOIR MAY BE USED AS A COMBINED STORAGE FOR FLOOD AND CONSERVATION STORAGE
• IF EXTRA WATER IS MADE AVAILABLE, IRRIGATION FACILITIES MAY BE EXTENDED TO JHARKHAND STATE THROUGH KONAR AND TILAIYA RESERVOIRS
• IN CASE OF MAITHON AND PANCHET, EXISTING OPERATIONAL CONSERVATION LEVEL MAY BE INCREASED BY 1.52 MT. IN EACH RESERVOIR
• ALL M&I WATER ALLOCATIONS MAY BE REVIEWED TO LOCATE SURPLUS IN THE ALLOCATED QUANTITIES
• TO COMBAT THE FLOOD AT THE LOWER VALLEY, DOWN-STREAM FLOOD CARRYING CAPACITIES MAY BE REVIEWED AND MEASURES FOR IMPROVEMENT OF CARRYING CAPACITY MAY BE TAKEN
• ADEQUATE AFFORESTATION AND SOIL CONSERVATION MEASURES ARE ALSO REQUIRED TO BE TAKEN UP AT THE UPPER VALLEY TO REDUCE THE EROSION RATES
• TO TAKE UP RAIN WATER HARVESTING AND GROUND WATER RECHARGING PROJECTS
• RENOVATION OF OLD IRRIGATION & WATER SUPPLY CANAL SYSTEM AND IMPLEMENTATION OF MODERN IRRIGATION TECHNIQUES FOR OPTIMUM USE OF THE RESOURCE
STRATEGIES TO COMBAT ISSUES
• CONJUNCTIVE USE OF SURFACE AND GROUND WATER
• INSTILLING DISCIPLINE IN EQUATABLE DISTRIBUTION THROUGH WATER USERS ASSOCIATION’S PARTICIPATION
• IMPLEMENTATION OF MORE SCIENTIFIC CROPPING PATTERN
• OPERATION OF CANALS AND DISTRIBUTION NETWORK ON DEMAND BASED RATHER THAN SUPPLY BASED
• VOLUMETRIC BASED MEASUREMENT OF WATER AT USER END
• REVISION OF WATER TARIFF
• TAPPING OF UNHARNESSED HYDRO-POWER POTENTIAL OF NEARLY 3500 MW
CONCLUSION
WELL STRUCTURED LEGAL AND REGULATORY FRAMEWORKS VIZ. DVC ACT 1948,
INTER STATE AGREEMENT 1978 AND DVRRC BROADLY COVER ALMOST ALL THE
ASPECTS MENTIONED IN DRAFT CWC GUIDE LINES ON IMPLEMENTATION OF
IWRM. HOWEVER PRO-ACTIVE PARTICIPATION OF THE STAKE HOLDERS IN
MANAGING THE WATER RESOURCES OF THE VALLEY IN EFFICIENT, SPEEDY AND
TANGIBLE MANNER IS NEED OF THE HOUR.
SINCE DVC PROJECTS ARE NEARLY 55 YEAR’S OLD, DEDICATED AND SINCERE
EFFORTS OF ALL CONCERNED IS HIGHLY REQUIRED TO REJUVENATE THE EXISTING
INFRA-STRUCTURE AND TO CREATE ADDITIONAL FACILITIES FOR ACHIEVING THE
ORIGINAL PLAN OF DEVELOPMENT.
THANKS