An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication Claudine Métral COST C21 Towntology...
-
Upload
emma-beasley -
Category
Documents
-
view
214 -
download
0
Transcript of An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication Claudine Métral COST C21 Towntology...
An Ontology-based System
for Urban Planning Communication
Claudine Métral
COST C21 Towntology Workshop
Geneva - November 6-7, 2006
Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 2
Ontology-based System for Urban Planning
• PurposeContribute to a better communication between the various actors involved in an urban planning process
• Why?Due to the complexity of the urban planning processExample of Geneva:
Master plans (PDC=plan directeur cantonal)Local plans (PDQ=plans directeurs de quartier, PLQ=plans localisés de quartier)Communal or thematic master plansFederal or cantonal lawsPublic consultations and opposition proceduresGIS (SITG)
Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 3
Urban Planning Objects and Actors
Various objects Various actors
urbanists
inhabitants
politicians
spatial data from GIS
texts maps, plans, pictures
3D city models
Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 4
Ontology-based System for Urban Planning
Three goals
• Semantic IntegrationOf the objects (data and documents) related to an urban planning project-> creation of an urban knowledge base
• InterfaceTo visualize the content of the knowledge base
• AdaptationOf the interface to user profiles and centers of interest-> access to the urban knowledge according to different viewpoints
Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 5
Ontology-based System for Urban Planning
• Semantic Integration
• Interface
• Adaptation to user profiles
Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 6
Semantic Integration
• An urban planning project
Uses urban data and documents (spatial data from GIS, 3D city models, texts, maps, plans, pictures)
Is represented in our system by an ontology with concepts and instances related to the data and documents so as to present an integrated view of the project
Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 7
Semantic Integration
concepts
instances
urbanobjects
integrated view
• understand the project• find information
knowledge
base (semi-)automatic extraction of concepts or annotations
formalization with OWL-DL
3DCM
semanticannotation
documents
data
3D City Models
Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 8
• Many modelsWith different levels of detail (LOD)
• Many application areasUrban planningDisaster managementTraining or environmental simulations TelecommunicationsNavigation systems
• Future standard: CityGMLCityGML = unified 3D city model = common information model for the representation of 3D urban objectsDefined in UML -> 47 classes and many attributes
• Geometric and topological modelVarious objects: relief, sites/buildings, transportation, vegetation, water, city furniture
• Multipurpose modelVarious application fields as 3D city models
• Multiscale modelFive levels of detail: LOD 0 to LOD 4
• External references possibleAs links to external ressources: databases, etc.
• More information on the CityGML web site
CityGML
Dr Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 9
Example: Building Model in CityGML
Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 10
from[Kolbe 2005]
Abstract View of CityGML
Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 11
ReliefFeature
City Model
CityFurniture
ReliefComponent Water Body
Vegetation Object
Water Object
City Object
Transportation Complex
AuxiliaryTraffic Area
Road
Square
Water Boundary Surface
Water Surface
Water Closure Surface
SolitaryVegetation Object
Plant Cover
Raster Relief
Land Use City Object Group
AbstractBuilding
Building
Building Part
Room
BuildingFurniture
Opening
Boundary Surface
Site
Window
Ceiling Surface
InteriorWall Surface
Floor Surface
Roof Surface
Wall Surface Ground Surface
isA link
partOf link
Generic City Object
Transportation Object
Railway
Track
Traffic Area
Water Ground Surface
Door
Closure Surface
BuildingInstallation
Breakline Relief
Mass Point Relief
TIN Relief
• CityGML is not sufficient for urban planning
Ontology for Urban Planning Process
Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 12
City GML
UrbanPlanningProcess
Other types of concepts such as right_of_way (droit de passage) or soft_mobility (mobilité douce)
Other types of relations such asis_used_by
• Creation of an Ontology of Urban Planning Process = OUPP
• Semantic links between CityGML and OUPP
Geometric concepts
Example of Concept Alignments
protected tree
tree to cut down
compensationtree
vegetation
PLQ
City Object
City Model
VegetationObject
Plant Cover
OUPP CityGML
Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 13
SolitaryVegetation
Object
Example of Integration: Concepts
Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 14
mobility(mobilité)
transport(moyens de transport)
bicycle(bicyclette)
walking(marche à pied)
cycle path(piste cyclable)
pedestrian path(chemin piétonnier)
soft mobility(mobilité douce)
thoroughfare(voies de communication)
not motorized transport(moyens de transport non motorisés)
green way(voie verte)
transportation user (usager)
cyclist(cycliste)
pedestrian
(piéton)
is a
uses is used for
participates in
Part of OUPPrelated to soft mobility
• Instance of conceptPromenade_des_Parcs= instance of concept green_way
• Various documents related to this instance
• Various sources for these documentsMaster plans (PDC, PDQ) SITG (graph of the soft mobility = geometric entities with attributes)
• Integration of these documents with OUPP
Example of Integration: Documents
Dr Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 15
Example of Integration
Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 16
concept instance mobility(mobilité)
transport(moyens de transport)
bicycle(bicyclette)
walking(marche à pied)
cycle path(piste cyclable)
pedestrian path(chemin piétonnier)
soft mobility(mobilité douce)
thoroughfare(voies de communication)
not motorized transport(moyens de transport non motorisés) green way
(voie verte)
transportation user (usager)
cyclist(cycliste)
pedestrian
(piéton)
Promenadedes Parcs
Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 17
Ontology-based System for Urban Planning
• Semantic Integration
• Interface
• Adaptation to user profiles
Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 18
Interface
• To visualize the content of the knowledge base-> visual objects to define from the objects of the knowledge base
Objects of various kinds: documents, 3D objects but also abstract concepts-> define representations for non geometric objects
Links between these urban planning objects -> assemble the interface elements and generate navigation links in the interface= a spatial hypermedia document
Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 19
Interface
interface generation
e.g. [El Atifi & Falquet 2005]
interfacespecification
refers to content of the knowledge base
The specification connects OUPP concepts to visual representation objects
visualrepresentations
layoutmanagers
refers to
Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 20
Ontology-based System for Urban Planning
• Semantic Integration
• Interface
• Adaptation to user profiles
Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 21
Adaptation to user profiles
• Various profiles
Various actors (urbanists, politicians, inhabitants, associations, etc.) with differences in terms of knowledge background and vocabularyFor example: green_way (urbanist) versus pedestrian_path (inhabitant) Different centers of interest for inhabitants A and B
-> different user profiles
-> represented by user ontologies aligned with OUPP and CityGML
Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 22
Adaptation to user profiles
concepts
instances
inhabitant A
inhabitant B
urbanist X
user specific ontologies
OUPPCityGML
Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 23
Example of Adapted Interface
• Promenade_des_Parcs
Urbanist XInterested by concepts right_of_ways or dangerous_intersections (that can be defined by a crossing between a main_road and a green_way)
Inhabitant AInterested by the remarkable_objects (trees, buildings) along the Promenade_des_Parcs
Inhabitant BInterested by the time_of_travelling to go through the Promenade_des_Parcs
Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 24
Adaptation to user profiles
• Adapted interface Visualization of what is useful or relevant to the userExploratory interface to understand an urban planning project in a personalized way
• Ontology-based approachAdaptation to the user profile not only of the content of the knowledge base but also of the interface-> Different viewpoints and representations of the same concept are possible
Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 25
Example of Adapted Visualization
• Promenade_des_Parcs
Urbanist XA map with symbols correlated to the concepts right_of_way or dangerous_intersection
Inhabitant AA 3D scene with remarkable_objects
Inhabitant BA 3D scene with time_of_travelling in superimposition
Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 26
Example of Adapted Visualization
concepts
instances
inhabitant A
inhabitant B
urbanist X
23 min.
• Promenade_des_Parcs
user specific interface composition (object representation, vocabulary, etc.)
Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 27
Conclusion
• Definition of an ontology-based system to improve the communication of urban planning projects
OUPPCityGML
user specific ontologies
urbanobjects
inhabitant A
inhabitant B
urbanist X
23 min.
user specific interfaces
Claudine Métral – An Ontology-based System for Urban Planning Communication 28
Future Work
• OUPPTo enhance and validate
• Specification language of the interfacesAdapt the actual general-purpose specification language to the urban planning context
• Interface DesignFind and test (3D) representations of the urban conceptsContinue our research on the relationship between image and text -> integration of text in 3D scenes or integration of 3D scenes in text?