An Introduction to X-Analysis Integration (XAI) Part 1: Constrained Object (COB) Primer Georgia Tech...

An Introduction toX-Analysis Integration (XAI)

Part 1: Constrained Object (COB) Primer

Georgia Tech

Engineering Information Systems Lab

eislab.gatech.edu

Contact: Russell S. Peak

Revision: April 22, 2002

Copyright © 1993-2002 by Georgia Tech Research Corporation, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0415 USA. All Rights Reserved.Developed by eislab.gatech.edu. Permission to use for non-commercial purposes is hereby granted provided this notice is included.

2Engineering Information Systems Lab eislab.gatech.edu© 1993-2001 GTRC

Nomenclature ABB-SMM transformation idealization relation between design and analysis attributes APM-ABB associativity linkage indicating usage of one or more i

ABB analysis building blockAMCOM U. S. Army Aviation and Missile CommandAPM analyzable product modelCAD computer aided designCAE computer aided engineeringCBAM context-based analysis modelCOB constrained objectCOI constrained object instanceCOS constrained object structureCORBA common ORB architectureDAI design-analysis integrationEIS engineering information systemsESB engineering service bureauFEA finite element analysisFTT fixed topology templateGUI graphical user interfaceIIOP Internet inter-ORB protocolMRA multi-representation architectureORB object request brokerOMG Object Management Group, www.omg.comPWA printed wiring assembly (a PWB populated with components)PWB printed wiring boardSBD simulation-based designSBE simulation-based engineeringSME small-to-medium sized enterprise (small business)SMM solution method modelProAM Product Data-Driven Analysis in a Missile Supply Chain (ProAM) project (AMCOM)PSI Product Simulation Integration project (Boeing)STEP Standard for the Exchange of Product Model Data (ISO 10303).VTMB variable topology multi-bodyXAI X-analysis integration (X= design, mfg., etc.)XCP XaiTools ChipPackage™

XFW XaiTools FrameWork™

XPWAB XaiTools PWA-B™


An Introduction to X-Analysis Integration (XAI) Short Course Outline

Part 1: Constrained Objects (COBs) Primer– Nomenclature

Part 2: Multi-Representation Architecture (MRA) Primer – Analysis Integration Challenges – Overview of COB-based XAI– Ubiquitization Methodology

Part 3: Example Applications» Airframe Structural Analysis (Boeing)» Circuit Board Thermomechanical Analysis

(DoD: ProAM; JPL/NASA)» Chip Package Thermal Analysis (Shinko)

– Summary

Part 4: Advanced Topics & Current Research


mYmX ..

gXmXmpgZ ./..

Information Associativity

Associativity = Relations among objects

m mSystem X System Y

mpg System Z

Similar to electrical circuits

trip mileageon car odometer

gasoline amount & trip mileagein record book

trip gas mileagein calculator

g


Procedural vs. Declarative Knowledge Representations

Procedural RepresentationTraditional programming: C, C++, Java, ...

h

b

A = 1/2 bh

function: areaarea (b,h) return 0.5 * b * h;

state 1bb := 2, hh := 3;AA := area(bb,hh);result: AA := 3;

state 2 (value change)hh := 9;result: AA := 3;

state 3 (I/O change)AA := 6;

result: hh := 9;

/* how compute hh given AA, bb ? */

AAbb

hh

AAbb

hh

AAbb

hh

Declarative RepresentationMath solvers: Maple, Mathematica, ...

relation: r1r1(b,h,A): A :=: 0.5 * b * h;

state 1f :=: new r1(bb,hh,AA) instance;bb :=: 2, hh :=: 3, AA :=: ?;solve f;result: AA :=: 3

state 2 (value change)hh :=: 9;solve f;result: AA :=: 9

state 3 (I/O change)hh :=: ?, AA :=: 6;solve f;

result: hh :=: 6

AAbb

hh

AAbb

hh

AAbb

hh


COB Structure: Graphical Forms

Tutorial: Spring Primitive

v a r i a b l e s u b v a r i a b l es u b s y s t e m

e q u a l i t y r e l a t i o n

r e l a t i o n

s

a b

dc

a

b

d

c

e

a . das

r 1r 1 ( a , b , s . c )

e = f

s u b v a r i a b l e s . b

[ 1 . 2 ]

[ 1 . 1 ]o p t i o n 1 . 1

ff = s . d

o p t i o n 1 . 2

f = g

o p t i o n c a t e g o r y 1

gcbe

r 2

h o f c o b t y p e h

wL [ j : 1 , n ]

w j

a g g r e g a t e c . we l e m e n t w j

Basic Constraint Schematic-S Notation

L

L

Fk

u n d e fo rm e d le n g th ,

s p r in g c o n s ta n t, fo rc e ,

to ta l e lo n g a tio n ,

1x

Lle n g th ,0

2x

s ta rt,

e n d ,

oLLL

12 xxL

LkF

r1

r2

r3

c. Constraint Schematic-S

FF

k

L

deformed state

Lo

L

x2x1

a. Shape Schematic-S

LkFr

LLLr

xxLr

:

:

:

3

02

121

b. Relations-S

SpringElementary

LL

Fk

1x L

0

2x

d. Subsystem-S(for reuse by other COBs)

COB Structure: Lexical Form Spring Primitive

L

L

Fk

u n d e fo rm e d le n g th ,

s p r in g c o n s ta n t, fo rc e ,

to ta l e lo n g a tio n ,

1x

Lle n g th ,0

2x

s ta rt,

e n d ,

oLLL

12 xxL

LkF

r1

r2

r3

Constraint Schematic-S

Lexical COB Structure (COS)

COB spring SUBTYPE_OF abb; undeformed_length, L0 : REAL; spring_constant, k : REAL; start, x1 : REAL; end, x2 : REAL; length, L : REAL; total_elongation, ΔL : REAL; force, F : REAL; RELATIONS r1 : "<length> == <end> - <start>"; r2 : "<total_elongation> == <length> - <undeformed_length>"; r3 : "<force> == <spring_constant> * <total_elongation>";END_COB;


200 lbs

30e6 psiResult b = 30e6 psi (output or intermediate variable)

Result c = 200 lbs (result of primary interest)

X

Relation r1 is suspended X r1

100 lbs Input a = 100 lbs

Equality relation is suspended

a

b

c

Example COB InstanceSpring Primitive

Constraint Schematic-I Lexical COB Instance (COI)

state 1.0 (unsolved):

INSTANCE_OF spring; undeformed_length : 20.0; spring_constant : 5.0; total_elongation : ?; force : 10.0;END_INSTANCE;

state 1.1 (solved):

INSTANCE_OF spring; undeformed_length : 20.0; spring_constant : 5.0; start : ?; end : ?; length : 22.0; total_elongation : 2.0; force : 10.0;END_INSTANCE;

Basic Constraint Schematic-I Notation

22 mm

10 N

2 mm

5 N/mm

20 mm

L

L

Fk

undeformed length,

spring constant, force,

total elongation,

1x

Llength,0

2x

start,

end,

oLLL

12 xxL

LkF

r1

r2

r3

example 1, state 1.1


2 mm

40 N20 N/mm

20 mm

10 mm

32 mm

22 mm

L

L

Fk

undeformed length,


total elongation,

1x

Llength,0

2x

start,

end,

oLLL

12 xxL

LkF

r1

r2

r3

Multi-Directional I/O (non-causal)Spring Primitive


state 5.0 (unsolved):

INSTANCE_OF spring; undeformed_length : 20.0; spring_constant : ?; start : 10.0; length : 22.0; force : 40.0;END_INSTANCE;

state 5.1 (solved):

INSTANCE_OF spring; undeformed_length : 20.0; spring_constant : 20.0; start : 10.0; end : 32.0; length : 22.0; total_elongation : 2.0; force : 40.0;END_INSTANCE;

Design Verification

Design Synthesis



22 mm

10 N

2 mm

5 N/mm

20 mm

L

L

Fk

undeformed length,


total elongation,

1x

Llength,0

2x

start,

end,

oLLL

12 xxL

LkF

r1

r2

r3


Traditional Mathematical RepresentationTutorial: Two Spring System

System Figure

P

k1 k2

2u1u

L10

k1

x12

F1

L1

L1

x11

F1

L20

k2

x22

F2

L2

L2

x21

F2

Free Body Diagrams

22223

202222

2122221

11113

101112

1112111

:

:

:

:

:

:

LkFr

LLLr

xxLr

LkFr

LLLr

xxLr

Variables and Relations

Boundary Conditions

Kinematic Relations

Constitutive Relations

1226

115

24

213

21122

111

:

:

:

:

:

0:

uLubc

Lubc

PFbc

FFbc

xxbc

xbc


spring2

spring1

Constraint Graph-STwo Spring System

P

k1 k2

2u1u

22223

202222

2122221

11113

101112

1112111

:

:

:

:

:

:

LkFr

LLLr

xxLr

LkFr

LLLr

xxLr

L10

k1

L1

L1

L20

k2

x21

x22

F2

L2

F1

x11

x12

u1 u2

P

1226

115

24

213

21122

111

:

:

:

:

:

0:

uLubc

Lubc

PFbc

FFbc

xxbc

xbc

L2

bc4

r12

r13

r22

r23

bc5bc6

bc3

r11r21

bc2

bc1


spring2

spring1

L10

k1

L1

L1

L20

k2

x21

x22

F2

L2

F1

x11

x12

u1 u2

P

L2

bc4

r12

r13

r22

r23

bc5bc6

bc3

r11r21

bc2

bc1

COB Representation Extended Constraint Graph-S: Two Spring System

Extended Constraint Graph-S

Constraint Graph-S

• Groups objects & relations into parent objects• Object-oriented vs. flattened

spring 2

L

Lundeformed length,

spring constant, k

Fforce,

total elongation,

1xLlength,

0

2x

start,

end,

oLLL

12 xxL

LkF

r1

r2

r3

spring 1two-spring system

deformation 1, u1

deformation 2, u2

force , P

L

Lundeformed length,

spring constant, k

Fforce,

total elongation,

1xLlength,

0

2x

start,

end,

oLLL

12 xxL

LkF

r1

r2

r3

partial(BC relations not included)


spring2

spring1

L10

k1

L1

L1

L20

k2

x21

x22

F2

L2

F1

x11

x12

u1 u2

P

L2

bc4

r12

r13

r22

r23

bc5bc6

bc3

r11r21

bc2

bc1

b c 1

s p r i n g 1

2u

s p r i n g 2

1u

P

S p r i n gE l e m e n t a r y

LL

Fk

1x L

0

2x

122 uLu

b c 2 b c 3

b c 4

b c 6


LL

Fk

1x L

0

2x

b c 5

011 x

COB Representation Constraint Schematic-S: Two Spring System


Constraint Graph-S

• Encapsulated form (hides details)


b c 1

s p r i n g 1

2u

s p r i n g 2

1u

P


LL

Fk

1x L

0

2x

122 uLu

b c 2 b c 3

b c 4

b c 6


LL

Fk

1x L

0

2x

b c 5

011 x

COB Constraint Schematic-STwo Spring System

22223

202222

2122221

11113

101112

1112111

:

:

:

:

:

:

LkFr

LLLr

xxLr

LkFr

LLLr

xxLr

P

k1 k2

u2u1

System-Level Relations(Boundary Conditions)

Analysis Primitiveswith

Encapsulated Relations

1226

115

24

213

21122

111

:

:

:

:

:

0:

uLubc

Lubc

PFbc

FFbc

xxbc

xbc

COBs as Building BlocksTwo Spring System

P

k1 k2

u2u1


Lexical COB Structure (COS)

COB spring_system SUBTYPE_OF analysis_system; spring1 : spring; spring2 : spring; deformation1, u1 : REAL; deformation2, u2 : REAL; load, P : REAL; RELATIONS bc1 : "<spring1.start> == 0.0"; bc2 : "<spring1.end> == <spring2.start>"; bc3 : "<spring1.force> == <spring2.force>"; bc4 : "<spring2.force> == <load>"; bc5 : "<deformation1> == <spring1.total_elongation>"; bc6 : "<deformation2> == <spring2.total_elongation> + <deformation1>";END_COB;

b c 1

s p r i n g 1

2u

s p r i n g 2

1u

P


LL

Fk

1x L

0

2x

122 uLu

b c 2 b c 3

b c 4

b c 6


LL

Fk

1x L

0

2x

b c 5

011 x


state 1.0 (unsolved):INSTANCE_OF spring_system; spring1.undeformed_length : 8.0; spring1.spring_constant : 5.5; spring2.undeformed_length : 8.0; spring2.spring_constant : 6.0; load : 10.0; deformation2 : ?;END_INSTANCE;

state 1.1 (solved):INSTANCE_OF spring_system; spring1.undeformed_length : 8.0; spring1.spring_constant : 5.5; spring1.start : 0.0; spring1.end : 9.818; spring1.force : 10.0; spring1.total_elongation : 1.818; spring1.length : 9.818; spring2.undeformed_length : 8.0; spring2.spring_constant : 6.0; spring2.start : 9.818; spring2.force : 10.0; spring2.total_elongation : 1.667; spring2.length : 9.667; spring2.end : 19.48; load : 10.0; deformation1 : 1.818; deformation2 : 3.485;END_INSTANCE;

Analysis System InstanceTwo Spring System


b c 1

s p r i n g 1

2u

s p r i n g 2

1u

P


LL

Fk

1x L

0

2x

122 uLu

b c 2 b c 3

b c 4

b c 6


LL

Fk

1x L

0

2x

b c 5

011 x

1 . 8 1 8

1 0 . 0 6 . 0

8 . 0

5 . 5

8 . 0

3 . 4 8 5

9 . 8 1 8

1 0 . 0

1 0 . 0

9 . 8 1 8

1 . 6 6 7

9 . 6 6 7

1 9 . 4 8

1 . 8 1 8

9 . 8 1 8



Spring Examples Implemented in XaiTools X-Analysis Integration

Toolkit

spring system: similar to state 1.1 (solved):

spring: state 1.1 (solved)

spring: state 5.1 (solved)


Using Internet/Intranet-based Analysis SolversThick Client Architecture - Engineering-Oriented ASP

Client PCs

XaiTools

Thick Client

Users

Internet

June’99-Present:EIS Lab - Regular internal use

U-Engineer.com - Demo usage: - US (SMEs, OEMs, Gov. labs) - Japan

Nov.’00-Present:Electronics Co. - Began production usage (dept. Intranet)

Future:Other company Intranets and/or

U-Engineer.com(commercial) - Other solvers

Iona orbixdj

Mathematica

Ansys

Internet/Intranet

XaiTools AnsysSolver Server


XaiTools Math.Solver Server

CORBA Daemon


FEA Solvers

Math Solvers

CORBA Servers

CO

RB

A IIO

P..

.

Engineering Service BureauHost Machines

2002-04 Updates: SOAP protocol; Patran/Abaqus wrappersASP= application service provider


Subsystem-S

Object Relationship Diagram-S

COB StructureDefinition Language

(COS)

I/O Table-S

Constraint Graph-S


STEPExpress

Express-G

COB Modeling Languages & Views

COB InstanceDefinition Language

(COI)

Constraint Graph-I

Constraint Schematic-I

STEPPart 21

200 lbs

30e6 psi

100 lbs 20.2 in

R101

R101

100 lbs

30e6 psi 200 lbs

20.2 in

StructureLevel(Template)

InstanceLevel


Basic EXPRESS-G notationA A is an entity (class)

Instance of A are objects

AA is a simple type ( BOOLEAN, LOGICAL, BINARY, NUMBER, INTEGER, REAL, STRING)

a1A Ba2 A has two attribute, a1 and a2, that

are both type B

A Ba1

S[1;?]A has an attribute, a1, that is a Set of 1 or ore entities of type B

A

CB

A is a supertype of B and C. (B and C are subtype of A)

Unofficial extensions:A has two levels, a1 and a2. a1 is type B. a2 is type C.

AB

a2a1

C


COB Object Model View (EXPRESS-G)Spring Systems Schema

Real

Real

Real

spring _system

spring_2

spring_1

load

deformation1

deformation2

Real

Real

Real

Real

Real

Real

Real

spring

undeformed _length

force

total _elongation

length

end0

start

spring _constant

P

k1 k2

u2u1

FF

k

L

deformed state

Lo

L

x2x1


Express Model: two_spring_system.expspring systems tutorial

SCHEMA spring_systems;

ENTITY spring; undeformed_length : REAL; spring_constant : REAL; start : REAL; end0 : REAL; length0 : REAL; total_elongation : REAL; force : REAL;END_ENTITY;

ENTITY two_spring_system; spring1 : spring; spring2 : spring; deformation1 : REAL; deformation2 : REAL; load : REAL;END_ENTITY;

END_SCHEMA;

FF

k

L

deformed state

Lo

L

x2x1

P

k1 k2

2u1u


Instance Model: Part 21 and Example Application

spring systems tutorial

Fragment from an instance model - Part 21 (a.k.a. “STEP File” - ISO 10303-21)#1=TWO_SPRING_SYSTEM(#2,#3,1.81,3.48,10.0);#2=SPRING(8.0,5.5,0.0,9.81,9.81,1.81,10.0);#3=SPRING(8.0,6.0,9.8,19.48,9.66,1.66,10.0);


Declarative Knowledge / Derivable BehaviorTwo Spring System

22223

202222

2122221

11113

101112

1112111

:

:

:

:

:

:

LkFr

LLLr

xxLr

LkFr

LLLr

xxLr

P

k1 k2

u2u1

Derivable Behavior

1226

115

24

213

21122

111

:

:

:

:

:

0:

uLubc

Lubc

PFbc

FFbc

xxbc

xbc

b c 1

s p r i n g 1

2u

s p r i n g 2

1u

P


LL

Fk

1x L

0

2x

122 uLu

b c 2 b c 3

b c 4

b c 6


LL

Fk

1x L

0

2x

b c 5

011 x

21

2122

111

:

:

kk

kkPudr

k

Pudr

No need to include explicitly (redundant)


Achieving Effective System Properties via Semantically Rich COBs

P

keffective

2u

Derivable SystemLevel Properties

.

:2

111

:

21

21

1

etc

LLLdr

kk

kdr

effective

effective

No need to derive Minimal extra work Semantically richer

P

k1 k2

u2u1

b c 1

s p r in g 1

2u

s p r in g 2

1u

P

S p r in gE le m e n t a r y

LL

Fk

1x L

0

2x

122 uLu

b c 2 b c 3

b c 4

b c 6


LL

Fk

1x L

0

2x

b c 5

011 x


LL

Fk

1x L

0

2x

e f f e c t i v e s p r in g

Note: A relation for effective undeformed length is also needed, as higher level semantic relations (e.g., that it is the value when F=0) are not yet supported.


COB-based Libraries ofAnalysis Building Blocks (ABBs)

Material Model ABB

Continuum ABBs

modularre-usage

E

O n e D L in e a rE la s t i c M o d e l

T

G

e

t

m a t e r i a l m o d e l

p o la r m o m e n t o f i n e r t i a , J

r a d iu s , r

u n d e f o r m e d l e n g t h , L o

t w i s t ,

t h e t a s t a r t , 1

t h e t a e n d , 2

r 1

12

r 3

0L

r

J

rT r

t o r q u e , T r

x

TT

G , r , , ,J

L o

y

m ateria l m odel

tem perature, T

reference tem perature, T o

force, F

area, A

undeform ed length, L o

to ta l e longation,L

length, L

start, x1

end, x2

E

O ne D LinearE lastic M odel

(no shear)

T

e

t

r1

12 xxL

r2

oLLL

r4

A

F

edb.r1

oTTT

r3

L

L

x

FF

E , A ,

LL o

T , ,

yL

Torsional Rod

Extensional Rod

temperature change,T

cte,

youngs modulus, E

stress,

shear modulus, G

poissons ratio,

shear stress, shear strain,

thermal strain, telastic strain, e

strain,

r2

r1)1(2

EG

r3

r4Tt

Ee

r5

G

te

1D Linear Elastic Model

Flap Link ExampleParametric Design Description

ts1

A

Sleeve 1

A ts2

ds2

ds1

Sleeve 2

L

Shaft

b

h

t

b

h

t

sleeve_2

shaft

rib_1

material

flap_link

sleeve_1

rib_2

w

t

r

x

name

R3

R2

t2f

wf

tw

t1f

cross_section

w

t

r

x

R1

COB flap_link SUBTYPE_OF part; part_number : STRING; inter_axis_length, L : REAL; sleeve1 : sleeve; sleeve2 : sleeve; shaft : tapered_beam; rib1 : rib; rib2 : rib;RELATIONS PRODUCT_RELATIONS pr2 : "<inter_axis_length> == <sleeve2.origin.y> -

<sleeve1.origin.y>"; pr3 : "<rib1.height> == (<sleeve1.width> -

<shaft.cross_section.design.web_thickness>)/2"; pr4 : "<rib2.height> == (<sleeve2.width> -

<shaft.cross_section.design.web_thickness>)/2";...

END_COB;

Extended Constraint Graph

COB Structure (COS)


L

ws1

ts1

rs2

ws2

ts2

rs2

wf

tw

tf

E

name

linear_elastic_model

wf

tw

tf

inter_axis_length

sleeve_2

shaft

material

linkage

sleeve_1

w

t

r

E

cross_section:basic

w

t

r

x,max

r1

mode: tension

ux,max

Fcondition reaction

Representing External Tools as COB RelationsParametric FEA Model

ts1

rs1

L

rs2

ts2tf

ws2ws1

wf

tw

F

L L

x

y

L C

Plane Stress Bodies

),,,...,,,,(),( 1111max,max, FErstswsLru xx

FEA Tool


Constrained Object (COB) RepresentationCurrent Technical Capabilities - Generation 2

Capabilities & features:– Various forms: computable lexical forms, graphical forms, etc.

» Enables both computer automation and human comprehension– Sub/supertypes, basic aggregates, multi-fidelity objects– Multi-directionality (I/O changes)– Reuses external programs as white box relations– Advanced associativity added to COTS frameworks & wrappers

Analysis module/template applications (XAI/MRA): – Analysis template languages– Product model idealizations– Explicit associativity relations with design models & other analyses– White box reuse of existing tools (e.g., FEA, in-house codes)– Reusable, adaptable analysis building blocks

– Synthesis (sizing) and verification (analysis)


Constrained Objects (cont.) Representation Characteristics & Advantages - Gen. 2

Overall characteristics– Declarative knowledge representation (non-causal)– Combining object & constraint graph techniques– COBs = (STEP EXPRESS subset) +

(constraint graph concepts & views)

Advantages over traditional analysis representations– Greater solution control– Richer semantics

(e.g., equations wrapped in engineering context)– Unified views of diverse capabilities (tool-independent)– Capture of reusable knowledge – Enhanced development of complex analysis models

Toolkit status (XaiTools v0.4)– Basic framework, single user-oriented, file-based

See Advanced Topics

for Gen.3 Extensions


Convergence of Representations

Database Techniques(data structure, storage …)

Software Development(algorithms …)

Artificial Intelligence& Knowledge-Based Techniques

(structure combined with algorithms/relations/behavior)

EER

STEP Express

ER

UML

Flow Charts

OMT

Objects

Rules

Constraint graphs

Constrained Object - likeRepresentations

COBs, OCL, ...


Dimensions of Associativity

Operand representation: a, b– Type: numeric, logical, string, …, general object– Human-sensible vs. computer-sensible

» Computer-sensible: Flattened vs. object/feature-oriented

Relation representation: r1, r2– Relation type:

» Math formula, geometric constraint, computable algorithm, computer system (e.g., FEA tool), arbitrary human process, ...

Associativity = Relations among objects

a aaYaX ..

r1System X

System Y

b).(. 2 bZraX

r2 System Z

electricalcircuitsanalogy


Dimensions of Associativity (cont.)

Relation representation (continued)– Explict vs. implicit vs. unrecognized vs. unknown – Human-sensible vs. computer-sensible

» Computer-sensible: Dumb string vs. smart string vs. object/feature-oriented

– Level: instance and/or template (schema, structure) Relation directionality

– Uni-directional vs. multi-directional vs. iteratively multi-directional

Relation duration– Continuous (“live”) vs. event-controlled

Relation granularity– coarse vs. fine (macro vs. micro)

a aaYaX ..

r1System X

System Y

b).(. 2 bZraX

r2 System Z

Associativity graph type– Declarative vs. procedural– Cyclic vs. acyclic


e

se

tr

Pf

02

21

e

be

ht

PCf

),,( 13 hbrfK

Missing Today:Fine-Grained Design-Analysis Associativity

Analysis Model (with Idealized Features)

Detailed Design Model

Channel Fitting Analysis

“It is no secret that CAD models are driving more of today’s product development processes ... With the growing number of design tools on the market, however, the interoperability gap with downstream applications, such as finite element analysis, is a very real problem. As a result, CAD models are being re-created at unprecedented levels.” Ansys/ITI press Release, July 6 1999

http://www.ansys.com/webdocs/VisitAnsys/CorpInfo/PR/pr-060799.html

idealizations

No explicit

fine-grained

CAD-CAE

associativity

inconsisten

cy littleautomation

littleknowledge capture


Constrained Object RepresentationBusiness Benefits

COB end user : Designer (uses COB instances & COB-based applications)– Automation Time savings & consistency– More analysis Improved designs

COB creator : Analyst (creates templates with COB definition language)– Modularity & reusability Faster, consistent modeling– Semantic richness Increased understanding– Knowledge capture Enhanced corporate memory

COB application developer: Programmer (uses COB API to create COB-based custom applications)– Modularity & reusability Faster, consistent application

development


An Introduction to X-Analysis Integration (XAI) Short Course Outline

Part 1: Constrained Objects (COBs) Primer– Nomenclature

Part 2: Multi-Representation Architecture (MRA) Primer – Analysis Integration Challenges – Overview of COB-based XAI– Ubiquitization Methodology

Part 3: Example Applications» Airframe Structural Analysis (Boeing)» Circuit Board Thermomechanical Analysis

(DoD: ProAM; JPL/NASA)» Chip Package Thermal Analysis (Shinko)

– Summary

Part 4: Advanced Topics & Current Research

Other Aspectsfrom [Wilson, 2000] thesis, etc.


COB Meta Information Model & Protocol Generic Nature

GenericMetadata

GenericData

cos & coi contentas java objects

SpecificStructureData (cos)

SpecificInstanceData (coi)

COBInstanceDefinitionData

COBStructureDefinitionData

Example:

COICOICOSCOS

L

kx2

F

LL

x1F 10.010.0

20.020.0

5.05.0

22.022.02.02.0

10.010.0 32.032.0

Graphical Definition Languages & Views

Pro

toco

l

Lexical Definition Languages & Views

Meta InformationModel

• Express-G• Constraint schematics• Parameterized figures• ...

• cos and coi• Express and Part 21• ...


Simplified COB Meta-Model (EXPRESS-G)(page 1/2)

COB SchemaCOB Source

Set

COB SourceSet Link

COB Domain

COB DomainInstance

source_setsL[0:?]

source_sets_linksL[0:?]

set_domainsL[0:?]

set_instancesL[0:?]

Late-bound representation style


Simplified COB Meta-Model (page 2/2)

REAL

STRING

COB ComplexInstance

domain_name

attributesL[0:?]

attribute_name

instance_of

value

valuesL[0:?]

COB Domain

COB PrimitiveInstance

COB DomainInstance

domain

STRING

COB Attribute

instance_of

COB ComplexDomain

COB PrimitiveDomain

COB AggregateDomain

elementsL[0:?]

COB AggregateInstance

elementsL[0:?]

COB Relation relationsL[0:?]


COB Constraint Processing Algorithms“solve” algorithm: constraint graphs with only multi-directional relations

Provisional patent filed 6/2000

Set A

A.a1 = A.a2.b1A.a2.b1 = A.a2.x2.y1A.a2.x2.y1 = A.a2.x2.y2

A.a1 = 5.0

InputConstraint Network

ResultConstraint Network

A.a2.b1

A.a2.x2.y2

A.a2.x2.y1

R1

R2

R3

A.a1

5.0

A.a4

A.a3

R4

2.0 A.a4

2.0

A.a3

R4

2.0

5.0

A.a2.x2.y2

A.a2.x2.y1

R1

R2

R3

A.a1

5.0

A.a2.b1 5.0

5.0

Note: All relations are equality relations.

A.a3 = A.a4A.a1 = 2.0

Set B

Simultaneous Equations

constraintsolver


COB Constraint Processing Algorithms“solve” algorithm: constraint graphs with 1 or more one-way relations

A.a1 = A.a2+ A.b1A.b1 = A.c1A.b2 = A.c2A.b3 = A.c3

A.c1 = 1.0A.c2 = 2.0A.c3 = 3.0

A.a1

Simultaneous-Equation Set 1

A.c1

R1 R3

R4

A.b1

A.a2R2

R5

A.b2

A.b3

A.c2

A.c3

R2

1.0

2.0

3.0

A.c1

R1 R3

A.a1

A.b1

A.a2

1.0

R4

R5

A.b2

A.b3

A.c2

A.c3

2.0

3.0

A.c1

R1 R3

A.a1

A.b1

A.a2

1.0

R4

R5

A.b2

A.b3

A.c2

A.c3

2.0

3.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

A.a1

A.c1

R1 R3

R4

A.b1

A.a2R2

R5

A.b2

A.b3

A.c2

A.c3

R2

1.0

2.0

3.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

A.a1

R1

A.b1

A.a2R2

A.b2

A.b3

R2

1.0

2.0

3.0

A.a1 = A.a2+ A.b1A.a2 = Oneway[A.b1,A.b2,A.b3]

A.c1 = 1.0A.c2 = 2.0A.c3 = 3.0

A.a1

R1

A.b1

A.a2R2

A.b2

A.b3

R2

1.0

2.0

3.02.0

3.0

Simultaneous-Equation Set 2

AB

C

DEF

G

H

Provisional patent filed 6/2000

An Introduction to X-Analysis Integration (XAI) Part 1: Constrained Object (COB) Primer Georgia Tech...

Documents

Transcript of An Introduction to X-Analysis Integration (XAI) Part 1: Constrained Object (COB) Primer Georgia Tech...