An Introduction to Matter

Describing Matter

Chapter 1

Section 1

Matter

• Anything that…– has mass – takes up space

• Air• Plastic• Metal• Wood• Glass• Paper• Cloth• Foam• Ceramic

Chemistry

• Study of the properties of matter and how matter changes

Substance

• A single kind of matter that is pure

• It has… – A specific composition– Specific properties

Types of Matter

• Mixtures– Consists of 2 or more

substances• Sand• Solutions

– Salt water– Lemonade

• Pure Substances– Made up of only 1 kind of

matter• Compounds

– NaCl» Salt

– H2O» Water

– C6H12O6

» Glucose (sugar)• Elements

– Can not be broken down any smaller

– Pt» Platinum

– Au» Gold

– Ag» Silver

Mixtures

• Homogeneous Mixture– Consistent throughout

• Sugar

– Solutions• Air

– N2, 78%

– O2, 21%

• Heterogeneous Mixture– Not consistent

• Sand• Salad

States of Matter

• Solid– Ice cube

• Liquid– Water

• Gas– Water vapor

• Plasma – sun

Properties of Matter

• Hardness– Hard/Soft

• Texture– Rough/Smooth

• Shape• Temperature

– Hot/Cold• Flammability• Size• Color• State

– Liquid/Solid/Gas

Boiling Point

• Celsius– 100 oC

• Fahrenheit– 212 oF

• Liquid Gas

Melting Point

• Celsius– 0 oC

• Fahrenheit– 32 oF

• Solid Liquid

What Makes Seawater Undrinkable?

• Too much salt – (NaCl, Sodium

chloride)

• Your body become dehydrated

Agrochemicals

• Chemicals made from crops instead of petrochemicals from petroleum