An Internet Overview Cyberspace Explorations Class BOLLI - Spring 2005.
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Transcript of An Internet Overview Cyberspace Explorations Class BOLLI - Spring 2005.
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An Internet OverviewAn Internet Overview
Cyberspace Explorations ClassCyberspace Explorations ClassBOLLI - Spring 2005BOLLI - Spring 2005
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Origins of the InternetOrigins of the Internet
• Arpanet/Darpanet (~ 1969) – US Government Sponsored Project.
• Developed to provide one-to-one electronic messages to be sent between researchers at physically separated laboratories.
• Developed for transfer of electronic files from one computer to another.
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• Developed to provide “fail-safe” communications by establishing alternate routes between computers.
• Internet-connected computers use a “protocol” known as TCP/IP.
• Individual messages “deconstructed” into small “packets”, sent individually, then reassembled into full message by the recipient.
Old Way New Way
Origins of the Internet Origins of the Internet (cont’d)(cont’d)
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Origins of the Internet Origins of the Internet (cont’d)(cont’d)
• 19801990 – Email services gradually extended to businesses and homes.
• World Wide Web (WWW) introduced in 1991 by Tim Berners-Lee (recently knighted by the Queen of England and now associated with MIT).
• Berners-Lee’s work (at CERN research center in Geneva, Switzerland) develops software to allow electronic documents (i.e., Web pages) to link to one another.
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Origins of the Internet Origins of the Internet (cont’d)(cont’d)• HTTP – Hyper Text Transfer Protocol developed
to facilitate transferring pages of mixed graphical and text data from one computer to another.
• HTML – Hyper Text Markup Language developed to efficiently create pages of mixed graphical and text data for display on a wide variety of different computers.
• 1993 – World Wide Web commercialized by release of first Netscape Web browser.
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The
Intern
etE-Mail
WorldWideWeb
Instant Messaging
(I/M)
What is the Internet?What is the Internet?
VOIP (Voice OverInternet Protocol)
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THE INTERNET
WEBSERVER
WEBSERVER
WEBSERVER
MY COMPUTER
ISP
How Does the Internet Work? How Does the Internet Work? – Yesterday– Yesterday
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THE INTERNET
WEBSERVER
WEBSERVER
WEBSERVER
MY COMPUTER
ISP
How Does the Internet Work? How Does the Internet Work? –Tomorrow–Tomorrow
MY TELEPHONE
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Evolution of the Modern PCEvolution of the Modern PC• 1975 – Bill Gates develops BASIC for first Altair
Computer• 1977 – First consumer computers released: Apple I/II,
Commodore PET, Radio Shack TRS80• 1981 – First IBM PC sold for $3,500• 1983 – First successful “portable” PC from Compaq• 1984/5 – Apple introduced “graphical user interface”
(GUI) with Lisa and then Macintosh• 1986 – Microsoft Windows 1.0 introduced.• 1991 – First “usable” release of Microsoft Windows
(version 3.0)• 19932003 – Seven subsequent versions of Windows
released: 3.1, 95, 98 98SE, ME, 2000, XP
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