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An Instrument of Resistance: Rap Music and Hip-Hop Culture in

El Alto, Bolivia !

BA Thesis

Presented by David Librado

Presented to Dr. Paul Kingston and Dr. Roberta Rice

For the Course Advanced Seminar in International Development Studies IDSD01

International Development Studies

University of Toronto at Scarborough April 2010

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ABSTRACT

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS !

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[!

TABLE OF CONTEXT !

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CHAPTER 1 – Introduction %

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[8!

CHAPTER 5 – The Impact

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

!G>>%):!1C!e"99[fC!#B<>*&()'!.(<=.*<!,.%&;<A!2(,.!.('.=&(04!A*+,.C!J)1N#$?%V:!L9=L^C!!G&/%:!SC:!m!W(/%!WC!e"997fC!O*/(%,;>!<&*,%0,!()!<*0,=0,;?(>(E;,(*)!H*>(@(;C!G1&#*%/+')#C1*%\'$'1)C"%

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8,85;1)%C5;&5)'C!`B-*&5g!R>+,*!R&%00C!!!H%)M;$():!JC!e67c^fC!F.%!;+,.*&!;0!<&*5+/%&C!K)!RC!N%$%,E!e#5Cf:!\'.;'C&#,*$!e<<C!""9="LcfC!1%2!

3*&4g!O/.*/4%)!H**40C!!!H*;>:!GC!e67c[fC!!"'1&)'%,.%&"'%,88)'$$'<C!1%2!3*&4g!R>+,*!R&%00C!!I;>52%>>:!NC!e"99cfC!G--(>(;,()'!2(,.!&;<!$+0(/g!R*>(,(/;>!&;<!*&!';)'0,;!&;<a!`,:#1&1$%\,-1;?%fe6f:!6L=

"8C!!I;)%00;:!GC!e"99^fC!F*5*0!0*$*0!()5('%);0g!F*2;&50!;!)%2!>;)'+;'%!*-!);,(*);>!<*>(,(/;>!(5%),(,AC!

25;;'&#*%,.%G1&#*%/+')#C1*%\'$'1)C"?%fVe"f:!"Z6="^LC!!!I.;5.;:!_C:!m!V;@**&(:!GC!e"999fC!S%5(;!($<%&(;>(0$!&%@(0(,%5g!O*$%!-()5()'0!-&*$!,.%!G0(;)!/;0%C!

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