An industry-wide initiative for promoting a

secure,

simple,

ubiquitous,

and inter-operable

location services solution to improve

technology and maximize business

Location Interoperability Forum (LIF)

Outline

• Location Services Industry Status• Necessary components of a workable solution

– Application inter-operability

– Positioning Technologies

– Security and Privacy

• LIF Solution• LIF Operations• How to join LIF

Location Interoperability Forum (LIF)

Location Services Industry Status

Stakeholders

Value AddedService Providers

ApplicationDevelopers

Network Operators

EquipmentManufacturers

StandardsOrganizations

End User

GovernmentRegulators

Contentproviders

Stakeholders Status• Application developers & Content providers:

– Applications exist, some content offered

– Common application & content interfaces are lacking

• Service Providers & Network Operators– Some operators have started offering location based services

– Others are awaiting clarity and stability

– Many are defining their own strategy

– US operators under government pressure, European operators will follow

• Manufacturers: – Pre-standards solutions currently offered

– Standard compliant products being released

Stakeholders Status• Standards:

– Several bodies (3GPP, TIA, WAP, IETF, Parlay, W3C)

– Multiple standards for Mobile communications (GSM,

GERAN, UMTS, ANSI-126, IS-95, PDC, ..)

• End users

– The word is out but most are still unaware

• Government regulators:

– The US FCC regulations modified in September 2000

– The EU DGXIII started addressing emergency needs

Industry Status Summary• The commercial value of Location Based Services

is appreciated

• Regulators are formulating or reformulating legal requirements

• The industry is active and there are many different ongoing activities

• All stakeholders are not yet working together in an optimum way– a common approach is lacking

Location Interoperability Forum (LIF)

Application Interoperability

System Level InteroperabilityInter system roaming

IS-136UMTS

GPRS

GSM

IS-95

Multivendor networks

NSS1vendorA

NSS2vendorB

BSS1vendorA BSS2

vendorB

BSS2vendorC

LocSrvr

MLPApps

Legacy content/DB systems

AddressDB

Yellowpages Guidance Land

Register

MAPDB

Real estate

register

YPDB

Global Access to Location Information

UMTS networks3GPP rel. 99&00

CI IP-DL

GPS

ANSI-136 networks

CI

GPS

3rd partyMLP (simple and secure)

GSM 09.02

IS-95 networks

CI

IP-DL

GPS

3rd party

3G TS 23.271

E3E3

GPRS/GERAN3GPP rel. 00

CI E-OTD

GPS

3G TS 43.059

GSM networksGSM rel. 98

CI

IP-DL

GPS

3rd party

Generic applications interface

Mobile Network

Location Server

WAP content server or location proxy

Internet/Intranet

MLP

CAMEL SCP

Internet host, e.g. Yellow Pages,

fleet management

Call Center operator, e.g.

E911, roadside assistance

OSA Client

OSA API

Location Interoperability Forum (LIF)

Positioning Technologies

Location Service Categories

Category 1 Basic Service Level

Location of all handsets, including legacy, based on cell or improved cell accuracy

Category 2 Enhanced Service Level

Location of all new handsetswith improved accuracy at a reasonable cost

Category 3 Extended Service Level

Location of new handsets withhigh accuracy and higher(compared to Category 2) costwith customer choice

Motivations for Categorizing Location Technologies

• Create consensus on common location technologies– Create economies of scale for manufacturers

and operators– Provide common technology base on which to

develop and provide applications • while providing a variety of choices to consumers

– Improved accuracy vs. higher cost

Location Service Category MappingSystem Category Location Technology

1 Improved CI location method. The improved CI location method utilizes inaddition to CI information e.g. TA and other GSM specific measurementdata. This accuracy category can be implemented without changes to MS.

2GSM specific E-OTD (MS assisted/based) positioning technology, whichis, standardised for GSM Release'98.

GSM

3 The MS Based GPS concept which is standardised for GSM Release'98.

1 Cell coverage based method, which is already included in ANSI-136.

2 Currently no support in TIA/EIA-136 C standard exists for this category.TIA/EIA-

136

3

MS Based GPS location concept that is standardised for TIA/EIA-136 C.Recognising the commonalties and convergence in TIA/EIA-136 and GSM,the TIA/EIA-136 implementation of NW Assisted MS Based GPS locationtechnology is harmonised with the GSM GPS concept to the greatestextent practical.

1 CI based method, which is standardised for TIA/TR45.2 IS-41.

2IS-95 specific AFLT (MS assisted/based) position technology, which isstandardised for TIA/IS-801.

IS-95

3 MS Based GPS concept which is standardised for TIA/IS-801.

Location Interoperability Forum (LIF)

Security & Privacy

Security and Privacy Issues• Addressing Security and Privacy is

critically important for location service success.

• Desire for location services but fear for unwanted misuse of location information.

• Security and Privacy requirements have to be clearly specified for “home” and “roaming” environments

Location Interoperability Forum (LIF)

Introducing LIF

Background

• Several standards bodies, different agendas

• Multiplicity and complexity of positioning methods

• Lack of applications and contents interoperability

• Security and end user privacy are not fully addressed

• Current focus on specific wireless technologies and short term market requirements

The need

• There is a need for a global forum to:

• address the complexity and multiplicity of current solutions and market situation.

• define, develop, and promote an inter-operable location services solution that is open, simple, and secure.

• allow user appliances and internet-based applications to obtain location information from the wireless networks independent of their air interfaces and positioning methods.

LIF Creation• LIF is the result of a joint initiative from

Motorola, Ericsson, and Nokia

• LIF is not a legal entity – quick establishment– must be prepared for modifications later

in future there may be reasons to form a legal entity

LIF Vision• Defining a simple and secure access method that

allows wireless devices to access location information from the wireless networks irrespective of their underlying air interface and positioning methods.

• Promoting a family of standards-based location determination methods and their supporting architectures.

• Establishing a framework for contributing to the global standard bodies and specification organizations to define common methods and procedures for the testing and verification of the LIF-recommended access method and positioning technologies.

LIF Relationship to Other Groups

Mobile terminalMobile terminal Cellular NetworkCellular Network Server applicationsServer applications

PositioningHW/SWPositioning

HW/SW

WAP MicroBrowser

WAP MicroBrowser

Non browser applicationse.g. calendar

Non browser applicationse.g. calendar

CellularHW/SW- GSM

- GPRS- UMTS- IS-136-IS-95

CellularHW/SW- GSM

- GPRS- UMTS- IS-136-IS-95

Cellularinfrastructure e.g.

- GSM- GPRS- UMTS- IS-136-IS-95

Cellularinfrastructure e.g.

- GSM- GPRS- UMTS- IS-136-IS-95

PositioningServer- GMLC

PositioningServer- GMLC

WAP Gateway/

Location proxy

WAP Gateway/

Location proxy

N-E-M white paper

E-OTD GPSIP-DL E-OTD A-GPSIP-DL

ApplicationServer/Portal

Intranet or

internetWEB

applications

internet

CI

WEB applications

HTTP Browser- e.g.Nokia communicator

HTTP Browser- e.g.Nokia communicator

Application protocol influenced by LIF

IETF/W3C/OpenGIS

IETF/W3C/OpenGIS

WAP Forum

3GPP, TR45E.g. EPOC32

AFTLGIS DB systems

OpenGIS

LIF Members• Sponsor Members

– At this stage LIF Founding Members only

(Motorola, Ericsson, Nokia)– Possibility to extend with additional

sponsors in the future

• Supporter Members– Open to any company that have an interest

in location services and interoperability

Mix of membership in LIF• Network Operators

– Market Advisory Group (by invitation)– Regular/Others

• Manufacturers

• Application providers

• Content providers

• Legal/Governmental Agencies

• LIF Statement• Summary of the reasoning behind LIF

• LIF Description• Describes the overall objectives and organization. Working

document during discussions and later for promotion of LIF (=this presentation).

• LIF Rules & Procedures• Describes how to run LIF. Obligations and rights of

different member categories. Voting principles etc.

• LIF Membership Agreement• LIF Membership Agreement handling the IPR and

Copyright issues and details about organization• Two “sections” for different member categories

LIF documents

LIF Structure

Working Group

Standards Influencing

MarketAdvisory

Group

LIFManagement

Board

Working Group

Interoperability& Testing

Working Group

IPRs

Working Group

Public Relations

Market Advisory Group• Market Advisory Group will consist of invited

operators and major content providers, who have signed LIF Membership Agreement

• Market Advisory group will guide LIF work in order to ensure, that products and services eventually made by LIF members will satisfy market needs and will be widely adopted.

Public Relations Working Group• A standing committee that will define LIF PR

policy and is responsible for LIF communication to the outside world, e.g. LIF joint press releases, conference presentations, etc.

Standards Influencing WG• Create LIF contributions to Global Standards

and Technical Specifications setting organizations according to directions from the LIF Working Groups and the LIF Management Board

• Internal coordination of technical work• Produce LIF deliverables in the form of

proposals or recommendations to external organizations such as e.g. IETF, 3GPP, W3C, WAP Forum, TR45…...

IPR Ad-Hoc Group• Monitor LIF related IPR situation in order to

ensure, that IPR incorporated in LIF endorsed standards and technical specifications can be made available under 'fair and reasonable' conditions to LIF members.

Interoperability WG• Define recommendations for compliance test

specifications, that need to be created by Global Standards and Technical Specifications setting bodies

• Define appropriate interoperability and accuracy test settings and procedures based on compliance test specifications

• Setup and maintain appropriate facilities for interoperability testing, accuracy testing and demonstrations

LIF Management Board• Approve LIF targets, budget and membership

fees• Approve LIF working procedures and PR

policy• Will decide on changes in Market Advisory

Group • Consist of Founding Members • Will control “essential” and “sensitive”

liaisons to external organizations• Will meet every at least twice a year

Join us @www.locationforum.org