AN END TO FEUDALISM AND A REBIRTH OF GREECO-ROMAN CULTURE AND SOCIETY IN WESTERN EUROPE
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Transcript of AN END TO FEUDALISM AND A REBIRTH OF GREECO-ROMAN CULTURE AND SOCIETY IN WESTERN EUROPE
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AN END TO FEUDALISM AND A REBIRTH OF GREECO-ROMAN
CULTURE AND SOCIETY IN WESTERN EUROPE
THE RENAISSANCE
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VOCABULARYVOCABULARY1. HUMANISM
2. SECULAR
3. PATRON
4. PERSPECTIVE
5. VERNACULAR
6. PRINTING PRESS
7. GUTTENBERG BIBLE
1. HUMANISM
2. SECULAR
3. PATRON
4. PERSPECTIVE
5. VERNACULAR
6. PRINTING PRESS
7. GUTTENBERG BIBLE
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Why Italy?Why Italy?
• Crusaders passed goods through
• Took lead while England & France fought Hundred Years War
• Roman heritage all about them
• Thriving city-states and merchants
• Crusaders passed goods through
• Took lead while England & France fought Hundred Years War
• Roman heritage all about them
• Thriving city-states and merchants
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Merchants & The Medici FamilyMerchants & The Medici Family
• Northern Italy highly urbanized
• Merchants were wealthiest class and dominated politics of city-states
• Success through merit – not birth
• Medici family were supreme patrons
• Northern Italy highly urbanized
• Merchants were wealthiest class and dominated politics of city-states
• Success through merit – not birth
• Medici family were supreme patrons
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THE RENAISSANCE MANTHE RENAISSANCE MAN• CHARMING, WITTY, WELL-EDUCATED IN THE CLASSICS OF
GREECE AND ROME• HE SHOULD BE ABLE TO DANCE, SING AND PLAY MANY
INSTRUMENTS• HE SHOULD COMPOSE MUSIC AND POETRY• HE SHOULD BE ATHLETIC, A SKILLED RIDER AND TRAINED IN
THE ART OF WAR• ABOVE ALL ELSE, A RENAISSANCE MAN WILL HAVE POISE,
GRACE AND SELF-CONTROL
• CHARMING, WITTY, WELL-EDUCATED IN THE CLASSICS OF GREECE AND ROME
• HE SHOULD BE ABLE TO DANCE, SING AND PLAY MANY INSTRUMENTS
• HE SHOULD COMPOSE MUSIC AND POETRY• HE SHOULD BE ATHLETIC, A SKILLED RIDER AND TRAINED IN
THE ART OF WAR• ABOVE ALL ELSE, A RENAISSANCE MAN WILL HAVE POISE,
GRACE AND SELF-CONTROL
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THE RENAISSANCE WOMANTHE RENAISSANCE WOMAN• A RENAISSANCE WOMAN WOULD BE SKILLED IN
THE CLASSICS AND BE CHARMING AS WELL• A RENAISSANCE WOMAN WILL INSPIRE ART BUT
NOT CREATE IT HERSELF• A RENAISSANCE WOMAN WOULD BE MUCH
MORE WORLDLY (SECULAR) THAN HER MEDIEVAL CONTERPART
• A RENAISSANCE WOMAN WOULD BE SKILLED IN THE CLASSICS AND BE CHARMING AS WELL
• A RENAISSANCE WOMAN WILL INSPIRE ART BUT NOT CREATE IT HERSELF
• A RENAISSANCE WOMAN WOULD BE MUCH MORE WORLDLY (SECULAR) THAN HER MEDIEVAL CONTERPART
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THE QUNTESEENTIAL RENAISSANCE MANTHE QUNTESEENTIAL RENAISSANCE MAN• LEONARDO DA VINCI (1452 – 1519)
• HE WAS A SCULPTOR, PAINTER, INVENTOR, SCIENTIST, POLITICIAN, ANATOMIST, BIOLOGIST, BOTANIST
• HIS FAMOUS WORK “THE MONA LISA” IS AN EXAMPLE OF THE REALISM IN RENAISSANCE ART
• LEONARDO DA VINCI (1452 – 1519)
• HE WAS A SCULPTOR, PAINTER, INVENTOR, SCIENTIST, POLITICIAN, ANATOMIST, BIOLOGIST, BOTANIST
• HIS FAMOUS WORK “THE MONA LISA” IS AN EXAMPLE OF THE REALISM IN RENAISSANCE ART
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MICHAELANGELOMICHAELANGELO• MICHAELANGELO WAS ALSO A POET, PAINTER,
SCULPTOR AND ARCHIETECT
• HIS MAJOR WORKS INCLUDE “DAVID”, THE SISTINE CHAPEL AND THE DOME OF ST. PETER’S BASCILLICA
• MICHAELANGELO WAS ALSO A POET, PAINTER, SCULPTOR AND ARCHIETECT
• HIS MAJOR WORKS INCLUDE “DAVID”, THE SISTINE CHAPEL AND THE DOME OF ST. PETER’S BASCILLICA
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RAPHAEL (1483 – 1520)RAPHAEL (1483 – 1520)• Advanced realism in art. • “Madonna” and “Baby Jesus” reflect that
religious themes were still popular, but declining.
• His work “School of Athens” is a great homage to Greek culture. It was painted in the Pope’s library
• Advanced realism in art. • “Madonna” and “Baby Jesus” reflect that
religious themes were still popular, but declining.
• His work “School of Athens” is a great homage to Greek culture. It was painted in the Pope’s library
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http://www.vhinkle.com/renaissance/raphael.htmlhttp://www.vhinkle.com/renaissance/raphael.html
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RENAISSANCE LITERATURERENAISSANCE LITERATURE• Renaissance literature was much more secular than
religious themed literature• Self-expression, individualism, “how to” books were
often topics along poetry• Renaissance writers
– Wrote in vernacular– Used printing press– Read by wider audiences
• Renaissance literature was much more secular than religious themed literature
• Self-expression, individualism, “how to” books were often topics along poetry
• Renaissance writers– Wrote in vernacular– Used printing press– Read by wider audiences
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MACHIEVELLIMACHIEVELLI• The first European political scientist • Made guidelines for successful rulers• His book “The Prince” (1513) shows humans as
fickle, selfish and corrupt. • “The ends justify the means” • No morals or ethics – only results
• The first European political scientist • Made guidelines for successful rulers• His book “The Prince” (1513) shows humans as
fickle, selfish and corrupt. • “The ends justify the means” • No morals or ethics – only results
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PETRARCHPETRARCH
One of the earliest humanists
Exceptional poet especially sonnets
(14 line poems)
One of the earliest humanists
Exceptional poet especially sonnets
(14 line poems)
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BOCCACCIOBOCCACCIO
Wrote “Decameron” an off-color story of secular, Florentine youths who wait out the plague.
Presents the characters as human and fallible
Wrote “Decameron” an off-color story of secular, Florentine youths who wait out the plague.
Presents the characters as human and fallible
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THE RENAISSANCE HEADS TO NORTHERN EUROPE
THE RENAISSANCE HEADS TO NORTHERN EUROPE
• Trade routes helped to spread the Renaissance ideals from the city states of Northern Italy to the nations of England, France and Germany
• The Hundred Years War also helped the cultural diffusion that was rapidly integrating the continent
• Trade routes helped to spread the Renaissance ideals from the city states of Northern Italy to the nations of England, France and Germany
• The Hundred Years War also helped the cultural diffusion that was rapidly integrating the continent
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Christian HumanistsChristian Humanists
Erasmus
Emphasized Bible study – not rituals
Thomas More
Wrote “Utopia” about an ideal society of no war, famine, greed or corruption
Erasmus
Emphasized Bible study – not rituals
Thomas More
Wrote “Utopia” about an ideal society of no war, famine, greed or corruption
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ALBERT DURERALBERT DURER
• He produced woodcuts and engravings often of a religious theme or a mythological theme
• He produced woodcuts and engravings often of a religious theme or a mythological theme
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HANS HOLBEINHANS HOLBEIN
• A portrait painter that produced almost life like detail – the style of “realism”
• A portrait painter that produced almost life like detail – the style of “realism”
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JAN VAN ECYKJAN VAN ECYK• He helped to spark the realism movement which
portrayed people in everyday life
• He also developed the layering techniques of applying layers of paints to produce shades and hues that were more accurate and true to life
• He helped to spark the realism movement which portrayed people in everyday life
• He also developed the layering techniques of applying layers of paints to produce shades and hues that were more accurate and true to life
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PETER BRUGELPETER BRUGEL
• Famous for his paintings of common life – weddings, peasants, dances, harvests.
• Famous for his paintings of common life – weddings, peasants, dances, harvests.
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THE MAN, THE MYTH, THE LEGEND: SHAKESPEARE
THE MAN, THE MYTH, THE LEGEND: SHAKESPEARE
• The greatest playwright of the English language he explored and expressed “the human condition” in riveting dramas, comedies and tragedies
• Gave “voice” to the Elizabethan Age
• The greatest playwright of the English language he explored and expressed “the human condition” in riveting dramas, comedies and tragedies
• Gave “voice” to the Elizabethan Age
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Romeo & JulietRomeo & Juliet
Romeo & Juliet, a tragedy is adapted from the politics and intrigues of the Medicci family
Has become a classic of theatre
Romeo & Juliet, a tragedy is adapted from the politics and intrigues of the Medicci family
Has become a classic of theatre
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Printing PressPrinting Press
• Johann Guttenberg around 1440 in Germany
• Movable type was a Chinese invention
• Made knowledge distribution cheaper, accurate and fast sparking literacy
• Johann Guttenberg around 1440 in Germany
• Movable type was a Chinese invention
• Made knowledge distribution cheaper, accurate and fast sparking literacy
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Legacy of the RenaissanceLegacy of the Renaissance
• Greco Roman revival• Vernacular usage• Celebration of the individual• Encouraged a questioning spirit• Greater knowledge / literacy and desire for learning• Law and commerce and cartography expand• Christian humanists attempt reforms of society
• Greco Roman revival• Vernacular usage• Celebration of the individual• Encouraged a questioning spirit• Greater knowledge / literacy and desire for learning• Law and commerce and cartography expand• Christian humanists attempt reforms of society