Amul Milk Revolution Operation Flood

8/3/2019 Amul Milk Revolution Operation Flood

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1} Milk- An almost complete foodMilk is not only an excellent source ofCalcium, which is vital for strong bones and teeth;

it also contains many other vital nutrients like:Protein: For growth and repair of body tissues. Carbohydrates: In the form oflactose.Fat: For energy.It also contains Vitaminsneeded for good health; Vitamin A, B1,

B2, B3, B12, FOLIC ACID and Vitamin D are all found in significant quantities in milk. A

glass of milk provides 50% of the daily intake of calcium required by teenagers.2} Milk producing country IndiaU.S Russia Pakistan Brazil Ukraine Poland New Zealand Australia

3]Maharashtra co-operative milk federations-MaharashtraAdivasi Taluka Dudh Utpadak Va Krishipurak Udyog Sahakari Sangh, Dhule.Ahmednagar Zilha Sahakari Dudh Vyavsayik Sangh Ltd, Ahmednagar. Soc:487. Av Milk Proc: 250,000 lpd.Akola Zilha Dudh Utpadak Sahakari Sanstha Sangh Maryadit, Akola.Amravati Zilha Sahakari Dudh Utapadak Sahakari Sangh Maryadit, Amravati.Amrutsagar Sahakari Dudh Vyavasayik Sangh Maryadit, Akole.Aurangabad Dist Coop Milk Producers Union Ltd, Aurangabad. Soc: 375,

Mems: 352. Av Milk Proc: 70,000 lpd.Baramati Taluka Sahakari Dudh Utpadak Sangh Ltd, Baramati.Beed Zilla Madhyavarti Sahakari Dudh Utpadak Va Purvatha Sangh Maryadit,Beed.Bhandara Dist Coop Milk Producers Union Ltd, Bhandara.Bhoom Taluka Sahakari Dudh Utpadak Va Purvatha Sangh Maryadit, Bhoom.Buldana Jilla Sahakari Dudh Utpadak Sangh Maryadit, Buldana. Soc: 167,Mems: 21,502. Av Milk Proc: 24,313 lpd.Chalisgaon Taluka Sahakari Dudh Utpadak Sangh Ltd, Chalisgaon. Soc: 91,Mems: 15,000. Av Milk Proc: 13,000 lpd.Chandrapur Zilla Dudh Utapadak Sahakari Sangh Maryadit, Chandrapur.Dhule Taluka Dudh Utpadak Krishipurak Udyog Sahakari Sangh Ltd, Dhule.Godavari Khore Sahakari Dudh Utpadak Sangh Ltd, Shingnapur, Dist

Ahmednagar. Soc:110, Mems: 18,000. Av Milk Proc:135,000 lpd.Jalgaon Jilha Sahakari Dudh Utpadak Sangh Ltd, Jalgaon.Soc: 935, Mems:85,000. Av Milk Proc: 70,827 lpd.Jalna Zilla Dudh Utpadak Sahakari Sangh Ltd, Jalna.Jawli Taluka Sahakari Dudh Purvatha Sangh Ltd, Medha.Kej Taluka Sundar Sahakari Dudh Vyavasaik Purvatha Sangh Ltd, Kej, DistDhule.Kolhapur Zilla Sahakari Dudh Utpadak Sangh Ltd, GokulDairy, Kolhapur.Soc: 1,826, Mems: 316,561. Av Milk Proc: 465,361 lpd.Koyana Sahakari Dudh Utpadak Prakriya Sangh Ltd, Khodashi. Soc: 270. AvMilk Proc: 60,000 lpd.Krishna Khore Sahakari Dudh Utpadak Va Purvatha Sangh Ltd, Miraj.Krishna Valley Sahakari Dudh Purvatha Sangh Ltd, Wai.Latur Zilla Sahakari Dudh Utpadak Va Purvatha Sangh Maryadit, Udgir.Soc:339, Mems: 31,188. Av Milk Proc: 34,069 lpd.Mayur Coop Milk Producers' Ltd, Kolhapur.Nagpur Zilha Nootan Dudh Utpadak Sahakari Sangh Maryadit, Nagpur.Nanded Zilha Sahakari Dudh Utpadak Sangh Maryadit, Nanded.Nasik Dist Coop Milk Producers Union Ltd, Nasik.Osmanabad Zilla Sahakari Dudh Utpadak Va Purvatha Sangh Maryadit,Osmanabad.Soc: 764, Mems: 85,000. Av Milk Proc: 78,000 lpd.Patoda Taluka Dudh Vyavasaik Sahakari Sanstha Dudh Utpadak VaPurvatha Sangh Maryadit, Patoda.


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increase coming from dairies set up under Operation Flood. In this way EEC gifts and World Bankloan helped to promote self-reliance. Direct marketing of milk by producers' cooperatives increasedby several million litres a day.Phase III Phase III (1985-1996) enabled dairy cooperatives to expand and strengthen the infrastructure

required to procure and market increasing volumes of milk. Veterinary first-aid health care services,feed and artificial insemination services for cooperative members were extended, along withintensified member education.

Operation Flood's Phase III consolidated India's dairy cooperative movement, adding

30,000 new dairy cooperatives to the 42,000 existing societies organized during Phase II.Milk sheds peaked to 173 in 1988-89 with the numbers of women members and Womans

Dairy Cooperative Societies increasing significantly.Phase III gave increased emphasis to research and development in animal health and

animal nutrition. Innovations like vaccine for Theileriosis, bypass protein feed andureamolasses

mineral blocks, all contributed to the enhanced productivity of milk animals.

From the outset, Operation Flood was conceived and implemented as much more than a

dairy programme. Rather, dairying was seen as an instrument of development,generating employment and regular incomes for millions of rural people. "OperationFlood can be viewed as a twenty year experiment confirming the Rural

Development Vision" (World Bank Report 1997c.)

Private & govt. milk federations in India-Andhra Pradesh Dairy Development Cooperative Federation Ltd (APDDCF)Bihar State Cooperative Milk Producers Federation Ltd (COMPFED)Gujarat Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation Ltd (GCMMF)Haryana Dairy Development Cooperative Federation Ltd. (HDDCF)

Himachal Pradesh State Cooperative Milk Producers Federation Ltd (HPSCMPF)Karnataka Cooperative Milk Producers Federation Ltd (KMF)Kerala State Cooperative Milk Marketing Federation Ltd (KCMMF)Madhya Pradesh State Cooperative Dairy Federation Ltd (MPCDF)Maharashtra Rajya Sahakari Maryadit Dugdh Mahasangh (Mahasangh)Orissa State Cooperative Milk Producers Federation Ltd (OMFED)Pradeshik Cooperative Dairy Federation Ltd (UP) (PCDF)Punjab State Cooperative Milk Producers Federation Ltd (MILKFED)Rajasthan Cooperative Dairy Federation Ltd (RCDF)

Tamilnadu Cooperative Milk Producers Federation Ltd (TCMPF)West Bengal Cooperative Milk Producers Federation Ltd. (WBCMPF)The Dairy Cooperative Network:includes 170 milk unionsoperates in over 338 districts

covers nearly 1,08574 village level societies

is owned by nearly 12 million farmer members.

Apart from making India self sufficient in milk, these dairy co-operatives have established ourcountry as the largest milk-producing nation in the world!

NDDB- The National Dairy Development Board was created to promote, finance andsupport producer-owned and controlled organizations. NDDB's programmes and activitiesseek to strengthen farmer cooperatives and support national policies that are favourable

to the growth of such institutions. Fundamental to NDDB's efforts are cooperative

principles and the Anand Pattern of Cooperation.A commitment to help rural producers help themselves has guided the Dairy Board's work

for more than 30 years. This commitment has been rewarded with achievements made bycooperative dairies in milk production, employment generation, per capita availability ofmilk, foreign exchange savings and increased farmer incomes.The National Dairy Development Board (NDDB) has replaced exploitation with

empowerment, convention with modernity, stagnation with growth and transformeddairying into an instrument for the development of Indian farmers.

The National Dairy Development Board was created in 1964 in response to the Prime


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Minister Lal Bahadur Shastri's call to "transplant the spirit of Anand in many other places".

He wanted the Anand model of dairy development - with institutions owned by rural

producers, which were sensitive to their needs and responsive to their demands -replicated in other parts of the country.

The Board's creation was routed in the conviction that our nation's socio-economicprogress lies largely on the development of rural India.

Thus NDDB's mandate is to promote, finance and support producer-owned and controlledorganizations. NDDB's programmes and activities seek to strengthen farmer cooperatives

and support national policies that are favourable to the growth of such institutions.NDDB believes that the Rs 7,000-crore (Rs 70-billion) milk cooperative market is getting

much more competitive and wants to strengthen the position of cooperatives through a

multi-pronged action plan with an outlay of Rs 800 crore (Rs 8-billion). This includes usingMDFL to enter into 51:49 joint venture companies with state cooperative federations to

assist them with marketing value added products and to help them in other ways to

become self-reliant enterprises.Process of Procurement & Distribution of Milk:Farmers and the Milk Co-operative Society

The Operation Flood programme helps both farmers as well as the city consumers. Theprogramme ensures that the farmers get a fair price for their cow & buffalo milk and the

consumers get best quality milk at reasonable prices.In order to maintain freshness, this milk is chilled and then transported to Diary ininsulated milk tankers by road and by rail.Checking the quality of milk

At the Dairy stringent hygienic standards are maintained. The milk in the tankers is firstchecked for quality and freshness and then unloaded into huge insulated stainless steel

storage tanks. These tanks have a capacity of 1 lakh liters each. The presence ofadulterants (impurities) like urea, neutralisers, preservatives and germs like bacteria arechecked. All these tests ensure that only good quality milk is accepted. Once empty, the

tankers are thoroughly cleaned and sanitized using acid and alkali. The tankers are then

finally rinsed with water.Processing of milk

Unprocessed milk may contain small dirt particles invisible to the naked eye. In order toremove these particles the milk has to be processed.

To process milk at Dairy, the milk is first clarified. This is done in a clarifier which spins

the milk at a very high speed, as a result of which the dirt particles are thrown out anddrained.

The milk is then pasteurized to make it safe for human consumption. This processdestroys any disease causing bacteria and also increases the shelf life of the milk. During

pasteurization the milk is heated to 72 degree Celsius for 15 seconds and then rapidlycooled down to 7 degree celsius. This process, unlike boiling, does not affect the

nutritional value of the milk. Pasteurized milk is safe to drink without boiling as long as it

is kept cool at all times.Fortification with Vitamin A

Toned milk during processing is fortified with Vitamin A. The deficiency of Vitamin A can

lead to night blindness and skin horning.Homogenisation

At Dairy the milk is also homogenised. This ensures that the customers get uniformamount of cream in their milk.

In this process the milk is pumped at a very high pressure turning the cream into tiny

droplets thus distributing the fat through out the milk. These droplets do not float to thesurface to form a creamy layer. That is why no creamy layer appears when Dairy milk isboiled at home.

Dairy shops sell homogenised toned milk which contains minimum 3% fat even though


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you cannot notice it.Dispatching of milk

After processing, the milk is chilled and stored in silos and further chilled to about 2 C. bythe glycol chilling system, and then dispatched to the Milk Shops in insulated road milk

tankers. Prior to the milk being dispatched in tankers, it is tested for quality to make surethat it meets the quality standards. When the tanker arrives at the shop the milk is

transferred into a large refrigerated tank.making the milk available

The control room is very vital to the efficient distribution of milk to the 900 shops across

the city. It organizes the tanker routes and its staff is responsible for ensuring that shopsdo not run out of milk. Each milk tanker is fitted with a wireless set. As soon as the

incharge at the control room learns that a particular shop is running out of milk, hecontacts the tanker nearest to the shop on the wireless which then delivers the extra milk

to it.Quality control all the way

A final quality check of the mill is also made at the shop itself. This ensures that milkreaching the customers is of same quality as dispatched from the Dairy.Consumer Information

To raise the consumers awareness regarding Adulteration of milk,Dairy has thrown open

its testing facilities. In its laboratories consumers can see for themselves how impuritiesand adulterants are easily detected. Dairy also has two "mobile labs" that can test milk inthe residential colonies. All this is part of a commitment to provide the consumers with thepurest milk nature has to offer.Keeping milk cool

Dairy takes care to keep milk cool at every stage-it is chilled before transporting in

insulated tankers, it is stored in insulated silos and kept in refrigerated tanks at the shops.Keeping milk cool slows down the rate at which bacteria multiply. This also increases its

shelf life.Caring for the environment

Solar Panels: In an effort to conserve fuel, Mother Dairy utilises the abundant solar energy

to preheat the water going into the boilers. This also minimizes the pollution caused byburning of fuels like coal, oil etc.Effluent treatment plant:

The water used for cleaning equipment and tankers is treated at the effluent treatmentplant in the Dairy before being discharged into the sewege system.

Buffalo Milk Vs. Cow MilkNo difference in nutritive value: There is practically no difference in the nutritive value anddigestibility of milk and milk products obtained from cow and buffalo milks.Lower cholesterol content: Significantly, cholesterol content of buffalo milk is 0.65 mg/g ascompared to the corresponding value of 3.14 mg/g for cow milk.More proteins: Animal bioassays have shown the Protein Efficiency Ratio (PER) value of buffalomilk proteins to be 2.74 and that of cow milk as 2.49. It will be seen that buffalo milk has about 11.42per cent higher protein than cow milk.More important minerals: Buffalo milk is also superior to cow milk in terms of important minerals,

namely calcium, iron and phosphorus which are higher by 92 per cent, 37.7 per cent and 118 per centrespectively than those present in cow milk.More vitamin A: Buffalo metabolizes all the carotein into vitamin A, which is passed on to milk assuch.More viable commercially: Buffalo milk is commercially more viable than cow milk forthe manufacture of fat-based and SNF-based milk products, such as butter, ghee and milkpowders because of its lower water content and higher fat content. Most significantly, thelower cholesterol value should make it more popular in the health conscious market. Bythe virtue of greater opacity of casein miscelles, coupled with higher levels of colloidalproteins, calcium and phosphorus, buffalo milk is more densely white and has superior


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whitening properties as compared to cow milk. Therefore, unlike the cow milk (which ispale-creamish yellow in color) and cow milk fat (which is golden yellow in color) , buffalomilk is distinctively whiter. UHT-processed buffalo milk and cream are intrinsicallywhiter and more viscous than their cow milk counterparts, because of conversion ofgreater levels of calcium and phosphorus into the colloidal form. Buffalo milk is,therefore, more aptly suitable for the production of tea and coffee whiteners than cowmilk.Higher innate levels of proteins and fat render buffalo milk a more economicalalternative to cow milk for the production of casein, caseinates, whey protein concentratesand a wide range of the fat-rich dairy products.Top

Better whey proteins: Proteins of buffalo milk, particularly the whey proteins, are more resistantproteins. Dried milk products prepared from buffalo milk exhibit higher levels of undenatured proteinsgeneral, the reconstitution behavior of dried milk products made from buffalo milk is indistinguishabledried buffalo milk may be preferred over dried cow milk for those technological applications where wouldbe more desirable.Better cheese: Cheese made from buffalo milk displays typical body and textural characteristics.properties are specially desired as in the case of Mozzarella cheese, buffalo milk is technologicallylegislation has been introduced to restrict use of term "Mozzarella" only to those products exclusively withcow milk). Certain traditional cheese varieties, such as paneerin India or pickled cheeses from buffalomilk.

Better health foods: The presence of higher levels of various bioprotective factors, such asimmunoglobulins, as well as bifidogenic factors, render buffalo milk more suitable than cow milk for the

preparation Verghese KurienVerghese KurienBorn November 26, 1921 (age 89)Kozhikode, Kerala, IndiaNationality IndianAlma materLoyola CollegeCollege of Engineering, GuindyMichigan State University

Occupation Founding Chairman of Gujarat CooperativeMilk Marketing FederationVerghese Kurien (born November 26, 1921 at Kozhikode, Kerala) is the founder of theGujarat Co-operative Milk Marketing Federation (GCMMF), an apex cooperativeorganizationthat manages the Amul food brand. He is recognised as the man behind the success oftheAmul brand. Amul had a revenue of $1b USD in 2006-07.He is credited with being the architect of Operation Flood-- the largest dairydevelopmentprogram in the world. Kurien helped modernise Anand model of cooperative dairy

development and thus engineered the White Revolution in India, and made India thelargestmilk producer in the world.

Eary life and educationVerghese Kurien was born on November 26, 1921. His father was a civil surgeon inCochin.He graduated in Physics from Loyola College, Madras in 1940 and then did B.E. (Mech)from
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/College_of_Engineering,_Guindyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/College_of_Engineering,_Guindy


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theCollege of Engineering, Guindy. After completing his degree, he joined the TataSteel TechnicalInstitute, Jamshedpur from where he graduated in 1946. He then went to USA on agovernmentscholarship to earn his Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering (with distinction)

fromMichigan State University.

CareerWhen he came back to India, he was posted as a dairy engineer at the governmentcreamery,Anand, in May 1949. Around the same time, the infant cooperative dairy, Kaira DistrictCooperativeMilk Producers' Union (KDCMPUL), now famous as Amul -- was fighting a battlewith the Polson Dairy, which was privately owned. Young Kurien, fed up with being atthegovernment creamery, which held no challenge, volunteered to help Shri Tribhuvandas

Patel,the Chairman of KDCMPUL, to set up a processing plant. This marked the birth ofAMUL.Personal lifeKurien belongs to the Syrian Christian community of India. He married his neighbor'sdaughterMolly. Molly was a gracious host and Dr Kurien's house used to serve as a guest houseinAnand for the visiting dignitaries [citation needed]. He has one daughter Nirmala Kurien and agrandson, Siddharth.

The White Revolution

Kurien has since then built this organization into one of the largest and most successfulinstitutions in India. The Amul pattern of cooperatives had been so successful, in 1965,thenPrime Minister of India, Shri Lal Bahadur Shastri, created the National DairyDevelopmentBoard (NDDB) to replicate the program on a nationwide basis citing Kurien's"extraordinaryand dynamic leadership" upon naming him chairman.Kurien also set up GCMMF in 1973 to sell the products produced by the dairies. TodayGCMMF sells AMUL brand products not only in India but also overseas. He quit thepost of

GCMMF Chairman in 2006 following disagreements with GCMMF management.[1]Kurien, plays a key role in many other organizations, ranging from chairing the ViksitBharatFoundation, a body set up by the President of India to chairman of the Institute of RuralManagement, Anand's (IRMA) Board of Governors in India. Kurien was mentioned bytheAshoka foundation (www.ashoka.ca) as one of the eminent present Day SocialEntrepreneurs.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/College_of_Engineering,_Guindyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/College_of_Engineering,_Guindyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/College_of_Engineering,_Guindyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/College_of_Engineering,_Guindy


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Kurien's life story is chronicled in his memoirs 'I too had a dream'. [2]Kurien and his team were pioneers in inventing the process of making milk powder andcondensed milk from buffalo's milk instead of cow's milk. This was the reason Amulbecameso successful and competed well against Nestle who only used cow milk to make

powder andcondensed milk. In India buffalo milk was the main raw material unlike Europe wherecowmilk is abundant.India's first Prime Minister Jawahar Lal Nehru visited Anand to inaugrate AMUL "factory"andhe embraced Kurien for his groundbreaking work.

Amul Milk Revolution Operation Flood

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