Amphibian Powerpoint

7/23/2019 Amphibian Powerpoint

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Amphibians


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Amphibians AMPHIBIAN=GREEK FOR

AMPHIBIOS WHICH MEANS

DOUBLE LIFE

ECTOTHERMIC VERTEBRATES

HIBERNATE OR ESTIVATEDEPENDING ON CLIMATE


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Three Orders of Amphibia

Anura-fr!" an# $a#"

Ur#%&a-"a&a'an#%r" an# n%($"

E&n!a$%# )#*%" an# $a*&"

+un! ,a% !*&&"-"'% a#u&$" r%$a*n $,%'

A.#a-/a%/*&*an" Tr.*/a&0 )urr(*n! a'.,*)*an"

L%!&%""0 (r'&*1%


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4 Characteristics of Amphibians

L%!"-*'.r$an$ %&u$*n fr &**n! n&an#2 /a%/*&*an" ,a% &"$ $,%*r &%!" a"

$,%3 a#a.$%# $ )urr(*n! %4*"$%n/% Lun!"-&ara% ,a% !*&&" '"$ a#u&$"

)r%a$, (*$, a .a*r f &un!" (*$, $,%

%4/%.$*n f &un!&%"" "a&a'an#%r" Par$*a&&3 #**#%# ,%ar$-a$r*u' *" #**#%#0)u$ $,% %n$r*/&% *" n$2

Cu$an%u" r%".*ra$*n -'"$ "u..&%'%n$43!%n u.$a1% )3 r%".*r*n! $,ru!, "1*n


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Lungs Lun!" ar% *n$%rna& -a&&(" %4/,an!% f43!%n an# /ar)n #*4*#% )%$(%%n) an# a*r

Gr%a$%r $,% "urfa/% ar%a $,% !r%a$%r $,%a'un$ f 43!%n /an )% a)"r)%#

Lun!" ar% n$ a" %ff*/*%n$ a" !*&&"0 )u$

$,%r% *" 'r% 43!%n *n a*r $,an *n (a$%r" &un!" # n$ ,a% $ )% a" %ff*/*%n$


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Double Loop

Circulation Du% $ '*n! $ &an# an# r%5u*r*n!

'r% 43!%n fr $,%*r 'u"/&%"0

a'.,*)*an" #%%&.%# a #u)&% &. *n$,%*r /*r/u&a$r3 "3"$%'

A'.,*)*an" ,a% .u&'nar3 %*n" $,a$

#%&*%r 43!%n r*/, ) )a/1 $ $,%,%ar$ an# $,%n $ $,% r%'a*n#%r f $,%

)#3


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Double Loop Circulation


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Amphibian Heart S*nu" %n"u" #%&*%r" ) $ $,% r*!,$a$r*u'

S%.$u' "%.ara$%" $,% a'.,*)*an ATRIUM

*n$ r*!,$ an# &%f$ ,a&%" S%.$u' .r%%n$" $,% '*4*n! f 43!%n .r

an# 43!%n r*/, )

B$, $3.%" f ) ar% #u'.%# *n$ $,%%n$r*/&%

Cnu" ar$%r*"u" ,a" a ".*ra& a&% $,a$ ,%&."$ 1%%. $,% ) "'%(,a$ "%.ara$%


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Amphibian Reproduction

R%5u*r% (a$%r )%/au"% %!!" &a/1

",%&&" $ .r%%n$ (a$%r &"" E4$%rna& F%r$*&*6a$*n-f%'a&%

r%&%a"%" %!!" an# 'a&% f%r$*&*6%"

%4$%rna&&3-/a&&%# a'.&%4u" C'.&%$% '%$a'r.,"*"-%!!0

$a#.&%0 3un! fr!0 a#u&$ fr!


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cold blood cold blood

smooth or slimy skin warty and dry skin

Vs.

Frogs have: Toads have:


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AnuranDiversity


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Frogs and Toads


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Amphibian Habitats

r*%r" an# "$r%a'"

&a1%"0 .n#"0 'ar",%"

!ra""&an#"

fr%"$"


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Why We Care

1. Amphibians are a part of theplanets bio-diversity.

2.Amphibiansinterat ininteresting !ays

!ith eah other andthe environment"i.e. both prey and

predators


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Why We Care

#. Amphibians provide benefits toh$mans i.e. Gastric Broodin !ro o" A#stralia

miht ha$e pro$ided answers "or peoples#""erin "rom astric #lcers

%&ase o" the Vanishin !ros, '. (alliday and ). *. (eyer+.


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%. Frogs As &io-indiators

+ do#ble li"e--amphibio#s2+ permeable skin3+ absorb and concentrate toins--

biomani"ication


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%. Frogs As &io-indiators

Biomani"ication/ a process in which retaineds#bstances become more concentratedwith each link in the "ood chain


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'alformed Amphibians


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()ternal 'alformations

etra or missin limbs

branchin limbs

spikes or prot#berances

missin eyes

abnormal webbin


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*nternal 'alformations

reprod#cti$e

diesti$e

#rinary


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'alformed Frog +it$res


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1r. 1a$id (oppe, Uni$ersity o" innesota-orris


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Ca$ses of 'alformations

enetic oriins

parasite disr#ption o" limb "ormation chemical contamination $ir#ses #ltra$iolet radiation

physical tra#ma %predation,people+


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'rematode %"latworm+ cysts ha$e beendemonstrated to ca#se problems in limb b#dde$elopment in tadpoles

1r. Stanley . Sessions, (artwick &ollee


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1r. Stanley . Sessions, (artwick &ollee


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+ossible Chemial Contaminants

Arochemicals

hea$y metals

acid rain

chloro"l#orocarbons %&!&s+


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Types of Agrohemials

herbiidesaneb-"#nicide

pestiides propylthio#rea

fertili,ers1r. Stanley . Sessions,(artwick &ollee


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Types of Agrohemials

applications o" theherbicide atra4ineha$e led to emortality andtadpole de"ormities

%(a4elwood 950+

1r. Stanley . Sessions,(artwick &ollee


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Where have all the frogs gone/

0lobal Amphibian eline

a concern d#rin the past decade

"ro declines widespread and well-doc#mented

possible ca#ses incl#de habitat

destr#ction, increased UV radiation,and chemical contamination


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0lobal +op$lation elines

8oss o" habitat

"rom "illin in wetlands to createmore "armland "or crops, and tob#ild more ho#ses and roads

%&ase o" the Vanishin !ros, '. (alliday and ). *. (eyer+.


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ncreasin #ltra$iolet radiation

:oll#tion by chemicals

Acid rain :athoens

:arasites

ntrod#ction o" non-nati$e species


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Amphibian declines occ#rrin in locations where habitats relati$ely #ndist#rbed.

A#stralia/

Gastric Broodin !rolast seen in wild in9;0s


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onte$erde, &osta *ica/

Golden 'oad

last seen 9;;


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