Amines

By:David Eastwood&Morgan Gentes

Structure

Amines are a derivative of ammonia where organic groups replace one or more of the Hydrogen's. NH3

RNH2 R2NH R2N

Primary Secondary Tertiary

Amine Amine Amine

Ammonia VS. AmineThe Chemistry of amines and ammonia

are similar. The most obvious feature is their basicity (being able to accept a proton) which comes from the unshared pair of electrons.

Compare acceptance of a proton in an Amine and an ammonia.

H HR\ | R\ |R- N : + H R – N – H R- N : + H R – N – HR/ | R/ | R R

Naming Amines

When naming Amines you sue the Prefix “amino” and the suffix “-amine”

Lower amines Higher amines have

are named with the prefix amino as

the suffix a functional group.

-amine. NH2

H\ H |

N – C – H CH – CH – CH – CH – CH

H/ H

Methylamine 2-Aminopentane

ethyl amine or ethanamine

cyclobutyl amine or cyclobutanamine

 N-ethylethyl amine or N-ethylethanamine or diethyl amine

3-amino-2,6-dimethyl-4-propyloctane

Prepared Amines

Amines can be prepared by a substitution process called Alkylation, where an alkyl group becomes bonded to a Nitrogen.

http://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/Carey5th/Ch22/ch22-3-1.html

Reactions

References www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/350/Carey/.../amines/amines-1.html

^ McMurry, John E. (1992), Organic Chemistry (3rd ed.), Belmont: Wadsworth, ISBN 0-534-16218-5

^ Lide, D. R., ed. (2005), CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.), Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press, ISBN 0-8493-0486-5

^ Karsten Eller, Erhard Henkes, Roland Rossbacher, Hartmut Höke "Amines, Aliphatic" in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry, Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, 2005. doi:10.1002/14356007.a02_001

^ March, Jerry (1992), Advanced Organic Chemistry: Reactions, Mechanisms, and Structure (4th ed.), New York: Wiley, ISBN 0-471-60180-2