American Immigration and Its Impact on

Education

Changes every second. . . .

The American population

is a constantly changing phenomenon.

as of March 19, at 3:42 pm,

it stands at:

303,666,745 (US) 4.78%

6,657,761,332 (World)

This demographic profile is based on a wide variety of resources, primarily Census 2000 (US Census Bureau), The New York Times,

The Justice Policy Institute, Bureau of Justice Statistics, TRENDS 2005 (The Pew Research Center), the Urban Institute, the Pew Hispanic Center, US Department of

Education, National Center for Educational Statistics, Heartland Alliance Mid American

Institute on Poverty; Aha! Process, Inc.

A General Demographic Snapshot

Moving from the

national to the local

Racial and Ethnic InformationWhite 62.2% (178,020,405)

Black or African American 12.1% (34,962,569)

American Indian and Alaska Native 00.8% (2,357,554)

Asian 04.3 % (12,471,815)

Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander 00.2% (397,030)

Hispanic or Latino 14.5% (41,870,703)

Some Other Race 05.9% (17,298,061)

Two or more races 03.3% (5,557,184)

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45

H A Two PI AI B W

0 - 17

18 - 34

35 - 54

55+

The Next Forty Years/White

• 2000 196,670,774 (62.2%)

• 2010 201,956,000 (60.2%)

• 2020 207,145,000 (59.8%)

• 2030 210,984,000 (59.1%)

• 2040 212,475,000 (56.3%)

The Next Forty Years/Black or African American

• 2000 33,947,837 (12.2%)

• 2010 39,982,000 (13.3%)

• 2020 44,736,000 (12.8%)

• 2030 49,535,000 (14.1%)

• 2040 54,462,000 (14.4%)

The Next Forty Years/American Indian and Native Alaskan

• 2000 2,068,883 (0.7%)

• 2010 2,821,000 (0.9%)

• 2020 2,549,000 (0.8%)

• 2030 3,599,000 (1.0%)

• 2040 4,006,000 (1.0%)

The Next Forty Years/Asian and Pacific Islander

• 2000 10,242,998 (3.7%)

• 2010 15,289,000 (5.0%)

• 2020 18,527,000 (5.7%)

• 2030 24,858,000 (7.0%)

• 2040 31,095,000 (8.2%)

National Asian Breakdown

• ASIAN 10,242,998

• Asian Indian 1,678,675

• Chinese 2,432,585

• Filipino 1,850,314

• Japanese 796,700

• Vietnamese 1,122,528

• Other Asian 1,285,234

The Next Forty Years/Hispanic/Latino

• 2000 35,305,818 (12.5%)

• 2010 43,688,000 (14.6%)

• 2020 55,156,000 (17.0%)

• 2030 68,168,000 (19.4%)

• 2040 82,692,000 (21.9%)

National Hispanic/Latino Breakdown

• HISPANIC/LATINO 35,305,818

• Mexican 20,640,711

• Puerto Rican 3,406,178

• Cuban 1,241,685

• Other Hispanic/Latino 10,071,244

Socio-economics and Education

Educational Information

Population Enrolled in School 75,919,435Nursery School/Preschool 4,785,409(6.3%)Kindergarten 3,964,774 (5.2%)Elementary School 32,121,770 (42.3%)High School 17,008,891 (22.4%)College or Graduate School 18,038,591 (23.7%)

Educational Attainment (25 +) 188,950,759Less than 9th grade 11,793,051 (06.2%)9th to 12th grade (no diploma) 17,989,278 (09.5%)High School grad (including GED) 55,856,936 (29.5%)Some college (no degree) 37,984,610 (20.1%)Associate degree 13,960,054 (07.3%)Bachelor’s degree 32,536,186 (17.2%)Graduate or Professional 18,830,644 (09.9%)

High School Grad + 84.2%Bachelors Degree + 27.2%

Economic Information

M. Household Income $46,201.00

White $50,673.00

Black $31.969.00

Asian $64,238.00

Hispanic $37,781.00

Median Family Income $59,894.00

Per Capita Income $25,035.00

Male (Full-time)(FT/YR) $42.261.00

Female (Full-time)((FT/YR) $32,515.00

Economic Information

Families Below Poverty Line 10.2% (6,620,945)With Related Children Under 18 77% (5,155,866)With Related Children Under 5 38% (2,562,263)Families w/Female Householder 50% (3,315,916)

Individuals Below Poverty Line 12.3% (36.5 m)Under the Age of 18 17.4% (12.8 m)Over the Age of 64 10.8% (20.2 m)

White 08.2%Blacks 24.3%Hispanic 20.6%Asian 10.3%Foreign Born 15.2%Naturalized 09.3%Not a Citizen 19.0%

Based on 2006

Ethnic Comparisons (2004)High School Dropout Rate

Total 10.3%White 06.8%Black 11.8%Hispanic 23.8%Asian 04.7%Foreign Born 25.9%Children of FB 17.1%

Poverty RateTotal 12.7%White 08.6%Black 24.7%Hispanics 24.9%Asian 09.8%

Educational Information by RaceNumber of Persons 25 and Over WhoHold a Bachelors Degree or Higher (US)

Total 26.7% (34.9%)White 80.5% (79.1%)Black 06.9% (08.2%)Hispanic 04.4% (05.5%)

Bachelor’s Degrees 2001-2002 Academic Year White 74.1%Black 09.2%Hispanic 06.4%Asian 06.4%Non-Resident 03.2%

Poverty and Near Poverty Among Mexican Immigrants and Their U.S.-Born Children by

Length of Residence

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10

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60

70

80

10 20 30 More Natives

In Poverty

In or Near Poverty

Estimated Poverty and Near Poverty by Legal Status for Mexican Immigrants and their U.S. Born

Children

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10

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30

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60

70

80

Natives Legal Illegal

In Poverty

In or Near Poverty

Overview

U.S. Median Incomes for

Persons Age 25 and Older by Sex and Educational

Attainment

(based on 2003)

Overall

Under 9th Grade

9 – 12 th Grade

HS Diploma

Associates Degree

Bachelors Degree

Masters Degree

Professional Degree

Doctoral Degree

Overall

Male $37,288.00

Female $25,499.00

$0.00

$5,000.00

$10,000.00

$15,000.00

$20,000.00

$25,000.00

$30,000.00

$35,000.00

$40,000.00

Male Female

Overall

Under 9th Grade

$0.00$2,000.00$4,000.00$6,000.00$8,000.00

$10,000.00$12,000.00$14,000.00$16,000.00$18,000.00$20,000.00

Male Female

Under 9th Grade

Male $18,710.00

Female $12,978.00

9th – 12th Grade

$0.00

$5,000.00

$10,000.00

$15,000.00

$20,000.00

$25,000.00

Male Female

Grades 9-12 (Nodiploma)

Male $22,196.00

Female $13,695.00

High School Diploma including GED

$0.00

$5,000.00

$10,000.00

$15,000.00

$20,000.00

$25,000.00

$30,000.00

$35,000.00

Male Female

HS Diploma

Male $31,411.00

Female $20,759.00

Associates Degree

$0.00

$5,000.00

$10,000.00$15,000.00

$20,000.00

$25,000.00$30,000.00

$35,000.00

$40,000.00

$45,000.00

Male Female

Associates Degree

Male $40,454.00

Female $26,872.00

Bachelors Degree

$0.00

$10,000.00

$20,000.00

$30,000.00

$40,000.00

$50,000.00

$60,000.00

Male Female

Bachelors Degree

Male $51,507.00

Female $35,109.00

Masters Degree

$0.00

$10,000.00

$20,000.00

$30,000.00

$40,000.00

$50,000.00

$60,000.00

$70,000.00

Male Female

Masters Degree

Male $62,495.00

Female $42,468.00

Professional Degree

$0.00$10,000.00$20,000.00$30,000.00$40,000.00$50,000.00$60,000.00$70,000.00$80,000.00$90,000.00

$100,000.00

Male Female

ProfessionalDegree

Male $100,000.00

Female $56,143.00

Doctoral Degree

$0.00

$10,000.00

$20,000.00

$30,000.00

$40,000.00

$50,000.00

$60,000.00

$70,000.00

$80,000.00

Male Female

Doctoral Degree

Male $77,525.00

Female $56,182.00

Economic Information

M. Household Income $46,201.00

White $50,673.00

Black $31.969.00

Asian $64,238.00

Hispanic $37,781.00

Median Family Income $59,894.00

Per Capita Income $25,035.00

Male (Full-time)(FT/YR) $42.261.00

Female (Full-time)((FT/YR) $32,515.00

Median Net Worth by Ethnicity and Race, 2000

0

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20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

Non-Hispanic

White

Hispanic orLatino

AfricanAmerican

Median Net Worth

Median Net Worthminus home equity

Foreign Born Population:Documented and Undocumented

• Europe

• Asia

• Africa

• Oceania

• Latin America

• Northern America

Foreign Born Population

Foreign Born Population 12.3% (37,547,789)

Entered 1990 - March 2000 35% (13,178,276)Naturalized Citizen 41.9 % (15,767,731)Not a Citizen 58.0% (21,780,058)Undocumented (Estimated) 27.4% (10,300,000)

Region of BirthEurope 13.6% (4,869,898)Asia 26.7% (9,534,429)Africa 03.5% (1,252,020)Oceania 00.005% (185,466)Latin America 53.2% (19,018,949)Northern America 00.02% (828,705)

Language Other ThanEnglish Spoken at Home 19.7% (51,934,850)

Foreign Born Population Growth

199019,767,316 7.9%Entered 1/80 to 3/89

8,663,627 43%

Naturalized

7,996,998 40%

Not a citizen

11,770,318 17%

200031,107,889 11.1%Entered 1/90 through 3/00

13,178,276 42%

Naturalized

12,542,626 40%

Not a citizen

18,565,263 18%

Foreign Born Population Comparison

1990Europe4,350,40322.9%Asia4,979,03726.3%Africa363,819 01.9%Oceania104,145 00.5%Latin America8,407,83744.3%North American753,917 04.0%

2000Europe4,915,55715.8%Asia8,226,25428.4%Africa881,300 02.8%Oceania168,046 00.5%Latin America16,086,974 51.7%North American829,442 02.7%

Foreign Born Population Projections

2000 31,107,889 11.1%

2020 38,259,000 11.8%

2030 43,887,000 12.5%

2040 49,622,000 13.2%

Conclusions from DATA• Formation of a generational divide; those immigrants over 40 are

largely white, while those under 40 are increasingly Hispanic, Asian and from other minority groups

• The increase in younger immigrants is particularly noticeable among the nation’s largest minority group, Hispanics, half of whom are under age 27. One of every five children under 18 in the US is Hispanic.

• Hispanics accounted for about half the population growth between 2003 and 2004; one of every seven people in the US is Hispanic

• The Hispanic growth rate of 3.6 percent is more than 3 times the 1% rate for the general population with 3.4% for Asians, 1.9% for PI, 1.2% for AI, 1.1% for Blacks and .3% for whites

• Since 2000, Hispanic births have outnumbered Hispanic immigrants

Looking at Language

• Total 51,934,850 (19.3%)23,142,029 (44.55%)

• Spanish 32,184,293 (61.97 %)15,396,674 (47.83%

• Indo-European 9,929,004 (19.11%) 3,302,077 (33.25%)

• Asian/Pacific 7,769,500 (7.37%) 3,828,819 (49.28%)

• Other 2,052,053 (3.95%) 614,459 (29.94%)

Where the Undocumented Immigrants Are

• Beefed-up security measures since 9/11have had little impact on the ability of undocumented immigrants to enter the country.

• Of the 10.3 million undocumented migrants estimated to be in the United States last year, 3.1 million arrived in the past four years; not many more (3.6 million) arrived in the previous four year period.

• The past fifteen years, however, have seen a significant shift in where they end up. In 1990 all but about 10% of undocumented immigrants were concentrated in just six states (CA was home to 45 %); today only 60% of them live in those states, and once unlikely destinations such as North Carolina, Georgia, and Tennessee are becoming increasingly popular.

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1990

2000

Immigration Patterns in Illinois 1990

Native

10,478,330 91.7%

Foreign Born

952,272 08.3%

Entered 1/80 to 3/90

371,137 03.2%

Naturalized

423,665 03.7%

Not a citizen

528,607 04.6%

2000Native

10,890,235 87.7%

Foreign Born

1,529,058 12.3%

Entered 1/90 to 3/00

687,564 05.5%

Naturalized

603,521 04.9%

Not a citizen

925,537 07.5%

Immigration Patterns in Illinois 2006

(12,831,970)

Native

11,058,370 86.1%

Foreign Born

1,773,600 13.9%

Naturalized

780,039 43.9%

Not a citizen

993,561 56.1%

Speak a Language Other 21.8%

Than English at Home

2,603,493

Chicago Metro Area (6 counties)

• 1990/12.1% of 7,261,176 people were foreign born (879,863)

• 2000/17.5% of 8,091,720 people were foreign born (1,416,890)

• Immigrants increasingly live in the suburban portion of metropolitan Chicago, which for the first time in history has a larger immigrant population than the city of Chicago

Chicago Metro Area (6 counties)

• New immigrants are less likely to move to certain older port-of-entry neighborhoods in the city (which for 100 years have been the primary receiving point for new arrivals

• The Edgewater community area in Chicago’s north side has emerged as a leading port of entry while parts of Mt. Prospect, Arlington Heights, and Palatine, all in the northwest portion of Cook County, have become emerging leading points of entry as well

• In the city of Chicago, the current number of immigrants – 629,000 – is well below the historical peak of 842,000 in 1930. The city’s immigrant population grew by 34% in the 1990’s.

Foreign Born Population Growth in the Chicago Metro Area (6 counties)

1990 2000

Total 879,863 1,416,890

Europe 282,281 366,826(including former USSR)

Asia 200,327 321,239

Americas 357,666 703,709

Africa 10,503 23,087

Other 1,416 2,029

Largest Chicago Area Immigrant Populations (2000)

• Mexican 582,028• Polish 137,670• India 76,931• Philippines 63,107• Former USSR 47,266• Chinese 44,809• Korea 35,468• Yugoslavia 29,724

Largest Suburban Immigrant Populations by Number

Cicero 37,343 (85,616)Aurora 30,858 (142,990)Waukegan 26,556 (87,901)Skokie 23,347 (63,348)Elgin 22,258 (94,487)Mt. Prospect 15,159 (56,265)Naperville 14,963 (128,358)Schaumburg 14,262 (75,386)Palatine 14,249 (65,479)Des Plaines 14,010 (58,720)

Largest Suburban Immigrant Populations by Number

Berwyn 13,552 (54,016)Addison 12,235 (35,914)H. Estates 11,651 (49,495)Joliet 11,566 (106,221)Evanston 11,448 (74,239)H. Park 10,896 (38,278)Wheeling 10,817 (34,496)A. Heights 10,546 (76,031)Niles 10,144 (30,068)G. Heights 9,605 (31,765)B. Grove 8,690 (42,909)

Largest Suburban Immigrant Populations as Percentage of Population

Stone Park Village 50.1%Cicero 43.6%Schiller Park 38.9%Highwood 38.0%Prospect Heights 37.5% Skokie 37.0%Rosemont 36.8%Melrose Park 34.7%West Chicago 34.7%Volo 34.4%

Largest Suburban Immigrant Populations as Percentage of Population

Lincolnwood 34.1%Summit 34.1%Addison 34.1%Harwood Hts 33.8%Niles 33.7% Morton Grove 33.6%Hodgkins 33.3%Franklin Park 32.8%Norridge 32.7%Park City 32.1%

Immigration as Percentage of Population Growth in the 1990’s

Metro Chicago 76.5% (11.4)

Cook County 174.2% (5.3)

DuPage County 50.08% (15.7)

Kane County 37.4% (37.4)

Lake County 35.2% (24.8)

McHenry County 11.2% (41.9)

Will County 9.8% (40.6)

Number of LEP Students Served by County, 2005 - 2006

Metro Chicago 56,465

Cook County 102, 385

DuPage County 12,304

Kane County 16,304

Lake County 13,554

McHenry County 2,792

Will County 4,623

ELL Student Demographics by School District

Chicago 66,479Elgin (U-46) 6, 879Cicero (99) 5,903Aurora (131) 5,107Waukegan (60) 4,996Carpentersville (300) 2,530Wheeling (21) 2,344Palatine (15) 2,093

ELL Student Demographics by School District

West Chicago (33) 2,092Rockford (205) 1,987Arlington Hts (59) 1,533Schaumburg (54) 1,533Plainfield (202) 1,508Round Lake (116) 1,375Des Plaines (62) 1,347Valley View (365) 1,310

Native Languages Spoken by Students in Bilingual Education Programs in Illinois

Schools, 2005-2006

TOTAL LANGUAGES 138

Spanish 131,016 Polish 6,668Arabic 2,724Urdu 2,089Cantonese 1,610Korean 1,602Tagalog (Filipino) 1,311Gujarati 1,160

Native Languages Spoken by Students in Bilingual Education Programs in Illinois

Schools, 2005-2006

Vietnamese 1,133Russian 992Lithuanian 827Japanese 705Mandarin 607Serbian 565Ukrainian 557Bulgarian 551Bosnian 539Assyrian 421