American History

Chapter 7.3The Turning Point

Turning Points

In the west (Grant)• Vicksburg

In the east

• GettysburgGrant cut off supplies & food for 1 ½ months and bombarded the city.

The victory gave the North control of ALL of the Mississippi .

The South was split in 2.

Bloodiest battle in the Civil War (3 days of fighting)

Union lost 23,000Confederacy: 28000

After Gettysburg, Lee was always on defensive.

Gettysburg Address“a new birth of freedom . ..”

“government of the people, by the people, and for the people . . .

The purpose of the war & democracy

New Generals for the Union

In the West In the East

Sherman

Grant

Sherman’s March to the SeaFrom Atlanta to Savannah• a 60-mile wide path of destruction after

they burned Atlanta

Total War: not just against the army, but also against towns, homes, farms, railroads, etc.

War of AttritionGrant’s strategy was to wear down the enemy by outnumbering them with men and supplies.

Appomattox Courthouse

Lee surrendered to Grant on April 9, 1865.

The terms were generous: Confederate soldiers would not be prosecuted for treason. They could take their horses home to farm with.

Last battle

13th Amendment

• Ended slavery in the U.S.

John Wilkes Booth

Lincoln was shot while attending Ford’s Theater – 5 days after the surrender at Appomattox.

The Name GameWho’s Who in the Civil War

United States of America (USA)

• North• Union• Blues• Yankees• General U. S .Grant

(McClellan early)• President Lincoln

Confederate State of America (CSA)

• South• Confederacy• Grays• Rebels• Robert E. Lee

• President Jefferson Davis

Why did the North win the Civil War?

LIMiTS SS

• Lincoln’s leadership• Industry • More men (troops & workforce)• i• Technology (RR & telegraph)• Strong government (greenbacks,

draft, martial law)

• Shifting war goals Emancipation• Sherman (total war) & Grant (war

of attrition)

Impact of the Civil War

TEN DRESSeS

Total WarEncouraged industrializationNew Focus: growth as a world power(instead of sectionalism)

Deadliest war in US historyRacial discrimination in the South (KKK)Ended slaveryStrengthened the Federal Government Saved the UnioneSocial/ economic destruction of the South