American Civil War 1861-1865. What Led to War? Slavery introduced in the 1500s. In the United...
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Transcript of American Civil War 1861-1865. What Led to War? Slavery introduced in the 1500s. In the United...
American Civil War
1861-1865
What Led to War?
Slavery introduced in the 1500s. In the United States, in 1619.1783 Constitution: a slave was 3/5th a person1794 Cotton Gin: Eli Whitney 1794 Abolitionists: William Lloyd Garrison 1820 Missouri Compromise Underground Railroad1854 Kansas-Nebraska Act John Brown1852 Uncle Tom’s Cabin1856 Republican Party
Abraham Lincoln
Illinois attorney1860 Nominated by Republican Party for presidentElected by minority vote1860 South Carolina secedes1861 Assumes office
Confederate States of America
Union: 16 statesConfederacy: 12 statesBorder: 4 states
Jefferson Davis
Southern Concerns
• Loss of Economic Power• Loss of Lifestyle• Loss of “Peculiar” Institution
Charleston, SC 1860
Major Battles
• 1861 Fort Sumter
Other Battles
• Bull Run /Manassas Creek• Shiloh• Vicksburg• Gettysburg• Sherman’s March to the Sea• Appomattox Courthouse
Important Figures
South• Robert E. Lee Lee
• Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson• Jeb StuartNorth• Ulysses S. Grant• William Sherman• Phil Sheridan Grant
Post War14th Amendment All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and
subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. No State shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States; nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.
15th Amendment The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be
denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
Reconstruction
• Rutherford B. Hayes• Poll Tax• Ku Klux Klan• Education Battles• Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.• Civil Rights Act 1964• Voting Rights Act 1965
King
Desegregation
Little Rock, Ark. High School 1958
University of Alabama 1963
Today
• Black Population 12.8 percent (2006)
• City with largest black population: New York, 2 million
Results of Civil War• Racism• Movement of Afro-Americans from South to the North• Republican Party• Shift in political power from President to Congress. Reversed in Depression• Increased black involvement in politics: Ralph Bunche, Thurgood Marshall, Condoleezza Rice, Colin Powell
Eventually:
Military equality
End of separate but equal education
End of red-lining; End of ghettoes
End of hiring discrimination
Marshall
Sports
• Baseball: Jackie Robinson, Larry Doby• Tennis: Althea Gibson, Arthur Ashe• Golf: Charlie Sifford, Jim Thorpe, Tiger Woods• Basketball: 1966 Texas Western