"America will never dream of security unless we will have it in reality in Palestine," he added. "God willing, our raids on you will continue as long as your support to the Israelis will continue."

Osama bin Laden1/23/10

"To Western nations ... this speech is to understand the core reason of the war between our civilization and your civilians. I mean the Palestinian cause. The Palestinian cause is the major issue for my (Islamic) nation. It was an important element in fueling me from the beginning and the 19 others with a great motive to fight for those subjected to injustice and the oppressed," added bin Laden.

Osama bin Laden5/16/08

"The creation and continuation of Israel is one of the greatest crimes, and you [the Americans] are the leaders of its criminals. There is no need to explain and prove the degree of American support for Israel. The creation of Israel is a crime which must be erased.

Osama bin Laden12/02

"We have demonstrated and stated many times, for more than two-and-a-half-decades, that the cause of our disagreement with you is your support to your Israeli allies who occupy our land of Palestine."

Osama bin Laden

Shortly after 9/11/01

The Bible…Can We Believe

It?

Is the Bible historically & archaeologically accurate?

“It may be stated categorically that no archaeological discovery has ever controverted a Biblical reference.”

Nelson Glueck – Jewish archaeologist

Pool of Bethesda - John 5:2

Pontius Pilate – Luke 3: 1

Pontius Pilate – Luke 3: 1

Temple Tax CoinExodus 30: 13Matthew 21: 12-13

First Temple Seal – Nehemiah 7: 46, 55

Hanukkah Stele – Daniel 11: 20-31

10th Century BC Hebrew Text

The deciphered text:

1' you shall not do [it], but worship the [Lord].

2' Judge the sla[ve] and the wid[ow] / Judge the orph[an]

3' [and] the stranger. [Pl]ead for the infant / plead for the po[or and]

4' the widow. Rehabilitate [the poor] at the hands of the king.

5' Protect the po[or and] the slave / [supp]ort the stranger.

Tanak – tanakh - tanach

Tanak – tanakh – tanach

Law – (Torah)Prophets - (Nevi’im)Writings – (Kethuvim)

Tanak – tanakh – tanach

Law – (Torah) = 5Prophets - (Nevi’im) = 8 Writings – (Kethuvim)= 11

total = 24

WritingsRuthChroniclesEzra & NehemiahEstherJobPsalmsProverbsEcclesiastesSong of SolomonLamentationsDaniel

TorahGenesisExodusLeviticusNumbersDeuteronomy

ProphetsJoshuaJudgesSamuelKingsIsaiahJeremiahEzekielThe Twelve Hosea Joel Amos Obadiah Jonah Micah Nahum Habakkuk Zephaniah Haggai

Zechariah Malachi

24 Books

Tanak – tanakh – tanach

Law – (Torah) = 5Prophets - (Nevi’im) = 7 Writings – (Kethuvim)= 10

total = 22

WritingsChroniclesEzra & NehemiahEstherJobPsalmsProverbsEcclesiastesSong of SolomonDaniel

TorahGenesisExodusLeviticusNumbersDeuteronomy

ProphetsJoshuaJudges & RuthSamuelKingsIsaiahJeremiah & LamentationsEzekielThe Twelve Hosea Joel Amos Obadiah Jonah Micah Nahum Habakkuk Zephaniah Haggai

Zechariah Malachi

22 Books

The Bible - OT Is the Hebrew Bible the same

as ours? 22 (or 24) books combine all minor prophets combine all I & II books combine Judges & Ruth combine Ezra & Nehemiah combine Jeremiah & Lamentations

Your BibleTranslation vs. paraphrasePreface – how was it translated?Table of ContentsHistorical infoIntro to each bookSubject index (cyclopedic)ConcordanceMaps

Word of GodWord of the LordSee also Scripture

Psalm 119John 1: 1Hebrews 4: 12I Peter 1: 23-25

Scripture(s)John 2: 22I Timothy 4: 13II Timothy 3: 16II Peter 3: 15-16

http://www.biblestudytools.com/

Exodus 2: 15, 3: 1, 18: 5

Galatians 1: 15-17

Galatians 4: 24-25

Ara

bia

?

Masoretic Text, Biblia Hebraica (900AD)Hebrew, Aramaic

Dead Sea Scrolls (200BC)Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek

Septuagint (300BC)Hebrew, Aramaic into Greek

Vulgate (400AD)Hebrew, Aramaic, Greek into Latin

Greek Text (300AD)

Isaiah 53: 10“Yet it pleased the LORD to bruise Him…”

NKJV

“Yet it was the LORD’s will to crush him…”

NIV

“Yet it pleased Adonai to crush him with illness…” CJB

“it pleased”Hebrew – chaphets

(khaw-fates’)Incline to, to be pleased with,desire, delight, have pleasure,

will

Is the message the same? & what is the message?

John 1: 1“In the beginning was the Word, and the

Word was with God, and the Word was God.”

NIV (all)

“In the beginning the Word was, and the Word was with God,

and the Word was a god.” New World Translation

John 3: 16“For God so loved the world, that he gave

his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth on him should not perish, but have eternal life.”

ASV (all)

“For God so loved the world that God gave God’s only Child, so that everyone who believes in that Child may not perish but may have eternal life.”

An Inclusive Version

The Bible biblia – books testament – covenant or will over 3,000 years of

preservation

The Bible written over a period of

almost 1500 years

from Moses (~1400BC)

to John (almost 100AD) about 40 different writers One Message

from One Author

The Bible is the Bible we have today

the same as God’s original revelation?

is the message of the NT we have today the same message as Jesus spoke?

The Bible NT – over 5,000 Greek MSS almost 24,000 MSS in Greek,

Syriac, Latin More evidence than any other

book in history written on papyrus,

parchment & vellum destruction of evidence

The Bible dating of MSS

Material, letter size & form, punctuation, ink color & content, texture & color of material, ornamentation, carbon-dating

Ashkar & London MSSFebruary 2010

two Israeli paleographers, Mordechay Mishor and Edna Engel, …"The uniformity of the letters, the structure of the text, and the techniques used by the scribe ... it made it very clear to me," Engel said.

…the experts were able to confirm that the texts were not only written by the same scribe, but were also part of the same scroll.

The Bible copying of originals & MSS

Middles, exact counts,

scribal rules, comparison with later discoveries

Bible church

‘middles’

The fear of the LORD, that is wisdom

Middle letters, middle words, middle sections, middle of the Pentateuch,middle of the Hebrew Scriptures;everything was counted

The Bible - OT Canon – “measuring rod” OT canon established before

Jesus’ time same books as today Septuagint included the

Apocrypha Vulgate included the

Apocrypha, however…

The Apocrypha - OT Philo (before Christ) – no

Apocrypha Josephus (after Christ) – no

Apocrypha why do the Catholics accept the

Apocrypha &

the Protestants don’t?

The Apocrypha - OT 1 Esdras 2 Esdras *Tobit *Judith Additions to Esther *Wisdom of Solomon Ecclesiasticus

*Baruch Epistle of Jeremiah Song of the Three Children Story of Susanna Bel and the Dragon Prayer of Manasseh *1 Maccabees *2 Maccabees

* Included in Catholic Bible

The Apocrypha - NTThe Revelation of John the Theologian The Revelation (or Vision) of PaulThe Revelation of Paul The Apocalypse of Peter The Apocalypse of Peter The Apocalypse of Thomas The Apocalypse of the Virgin

The Shepherd of Hermas The Epistle of the Apostles. The Infancy Gospel of Thomas

An Arabic Infancy GospelThe Gospel of JamesThe Gospel of the Nativity of MaryThe Gospel of Mary of Bethany (or Magdalene)The Gospel of Nicodemos (The Acts of Pilate)The Gospel of BartholomewThe Gospel of PeterThe Gospel of JudasThe Secret Gospel of Mark

The Apocrypha - NTThe Acts of Andrew The Acts and Martyrdom of Andrew The Acts of Andrew and Matthew The Acts of Barnabas The Acts of John The Acts of John the Theologian The Acts and Martyrdom of Matthew The Martyrdom of Matthew The Acts of Paul The Acts of Peter The Acts of Peter and Andrew The Acts of Peter and Paul The Acts of Philip The Acts of Thomas The Consummation of Thomas

The Bible - Canon OT – “Thus saith the Lord”

known prophet authorship

prophecy & especially

fulfilled prophecy !

(within OT times),

use in synagogues

The Bible - Canon NT – OT quotes & references

fulfilled OT prophecy

prophecy

Apostolic authorship

use in churches

The Bible - OT Public reading of Scripture

Deuteronomy 31: 9-13

Joshua 8: 32-35

Nehemiah 8: 3-18

The Bible - NT Public reading of Scripture

Luke 4: 16-21

I Timothy 4: 13

I Thessalonians 5: 27

Colossians 4: 16

The Bible – NT Canon earliest MSS evidence from

~ 4th century AD

But what about ‘the gap’

between the Apostles and the 4th century? 300+ years!

Apostle John ~90AD

Earliest MSS Evidence ~325AD

What happened

Between Here & Here?

The Bible – NT Canon Historical lineage:John 20: 30-31, 21: 24-25II Peter 3: 15-16Paul – refers to written lettersPolycarp – 80ADClement of Rome – 80ADJustin Martyr – 150ADIrenaeus – 180ADMuratorian Fragment – 150-200AD

The Bible – NT Canon Historical lineage:Eusebius – 300ADCouncil of Laodecia – 350ADCyril – 350ADAthanasius – 367ADDamasus – 382ADJerome – 391ADCouncil of Carthage – 397AD

Early Church Fathers Justin the Martyr – 150AD

Every Sunday – “gather in a

common meeting…the Memoirs of

the Apostles or the writings of the

prophets are read.”

Early Church Fathers Muratorian Fragment – 200ADLists all the current NT canonReference to apocryphal book “The Shepherd of Hermas…it cannot be read publicly to thepeople in church…”

Early Church Fathers Council of Laodicea – 350ADAthanasius – 367AD

Lists all the current NT canon

Then references both OT & NT Apocrypha –

“…are not canonical…”

“…are but recommended for reading”

“…inventions of heretics…”

Early Church Fathers Cyril of Jerusalem – 350AD“…have nothing to do with the

apocrypha. Study diligently those only which we read publicly in the Church.”

Council of Carthage – 397AD

Biblical Canon as we know it today

The beginning of the transfer of the Gospel John 17: 20-21 (Jesus) Acts 2 (Luke) I Corinthians 15: 1-11 (Paul)

Apostle’s CreedI believe in God the Father Almighty,

maker of heaven and earth: and in Jesus Christ His only Son, our Lord; who was conceived by the Holy Spirit, born of the Virgin Mary, suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, dead, and buried; He descended into hades;the third day He rose again from the dead; He ascended into heaven, and sitteth on the right hand of God, the Father

Almighty; from thence He shall come to judge the quick and the

dead. I believe in the Holy Spirit, the holy Christian (catholic)

church,the communion of the saints, the forgiveness of sins, the resurrection of the body, and the life everlasting.

Amen

The beginning of the transfer of the Gospel I Peter 1: 10-12 & 25 (Peter) I Peter 1: 17-24 II Peter 1: 16-21 I John 1: 5 (John) I John 1: 1-5

The beginning of the transfer of the Gospel

Ignatius – 110AD Polycarp – 135AD –

student of the Apostle John Tertullian – 200AD Origen – 220AD Eusebius – 316AD Cyril of Jerusalem – 350AD

Nicene Creed – 325ADWe believe in one God, the Father, the Almighty,

maker of heaven and earth, of all that is, seen and unseen. 

We believe in one Lord, Jesus Christ, the only Son of God, eternally begotten of the Father, God from God, light from light, true God from true God, begotten, not made, of one Being with the Father;through him all things were made.

For us and for our salvation he came down from heaven, was incarnate of the Holy Spirit and the Virgin Mary and became truly human.

For our sake he was crucified under Pontius Pilate; he suffered death and was buried.

On the third day he rose again in accordance with the Scriptures; he ascended into heaven and is seated at the right hand of the Father.

Nicene Creed – 325AD

He will come again in glory to judge the living and the dead, and his kingdom will have no end.

We believe in the Holy Spirit, the Lord, the giver of life,who proceeds from the Father [and the Son], who with the Father and the Son is worshiped andglorified, who has spoken through the prophets.

We believe in one holy catholic and apostolic Church.

We acknowledge one baptism for the forgiveness of sins.

We look for the resurrection of the dead, and the life of the world to come. Amen.

Apostle’s Creed – 400ADI believe in God the Father Almighty,

maker of heaven and earth: and in Jesus Christ His only Son, our Lord; who was conceived by the Holy Spirit, born of the Virgin Mary, suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, dead, and buried; He descended into hades;the third day He rose again from the dead; He ascended into heaven, and sitteth on the right hand of God, the Father

Almighty; from thence He shall come to judge the quick and the

dead. I believe in the Holy Spirit, the holy Christian (catholic)

church,the communion of the saints, the forgiveness of sins, the resurrection of the body, and the life everlasting.

Amen

Jesus (0-33AD)

33AD

30ADApostles (30-90AD)

90AD

70AD 750AD

350ADEarly Church Fathers (70-750AD)

Manuscript Evidence

397ADNT Canon

400ADApostles Creed

325ADNicean Creed

New Testament Message & CanonHistorical Overlap

Colossians 3: 16

“Let the word of Christ dwell in you richly as you teach and admonish one another with all wisdom, and as you sing psalms, hymns and spiritual songs with gratitude in your hearts to God.”