America Joins the War
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Transcript of America Joins the War
AMERICA JOINS THE WAR
World War I (Ch. 19)
AMERICA MOBILIZES Selective Service
Act (May 1917) Drafted 3 million menFulfilled need for
troopsCreated Selective
Service SystemProvided over half of
U.S. forces in WWI
AMERICA MOBILIZES Military Makeup
African Americans serve in segregated units
Women worked non-combat positionsShipyard workers exempt from draft
AMERICA TURNS THE TIDE Convoy System
Reduce threat of German U-boats Merchant ships protected by navy
American Entry into War Invigorated weary Allied soldiersProvide Allies with new resources
FIGHTING “OVER THERE” American Expeditionary Force
Led by John J. PershingCalled “Doughboys”
New WeaponsTanksAirplanes Chemical GasesMachine Guns
THE WAR AT HOME
CONGRESS GIVES POWER TO WILSON
War Industries Board Increase
efficiencyProduction,
profit, prices soar
War Economy InflationRecord stock
profitsNational War
Labor Board
CONGRESS GIVES POWER TO WILSON
Food AdministrationConservationVictory gardensHigh prices for grain
SELLING THE WAR Financing the War
War BondsNew taxes
Committee on Public Information Propaganda Patriotism and discrimination
ATTACKS ON CIVIL LIBERTIES Espionage and
Sedition ActsFines or jail for
interfering with war efforts
Targets socialists and labor leaders
WAR ENCOURAGES SOCIAL CHANGE African-Americans
Split opinions Du Bois: Supporting war will increase calls
for justice Great Migration
African-Americans flood the North looking for jobs and an escape from Jim Crow
Incites riots Women
Won support for 19th Amendment
THE COLLAPSE OF GERMANY Austria-Hungary surrenders to Allies
Germany sailors start a mutiny
The Kaiser gave up his thrown
Germany agreed to a ceasefire and signed the armistice (truce)
WILSON FIGHTS FOR PEACE Fourteen Points
Ways to avoid warSelf-determinationLeague of Nations
Allied ReactionWant to punish GermanyWilson abandons most points
TREATY OF VERSAILLES Provisions
Created new boundaries Action against Germany
Demilitarization Make reparations to Allies War Guilt Clause: Forcing Germany to take sole
responsbility
TREATY OF VERSAILLES Weaknesses
Harsh treatment of GermanyLand taken from Soviet Union Ignored self-determination
TREATY OF VERSAILLES Opposition in Senate
Over League of NationsU.S. signs separate treaty
LEGACY OF WWI Massive casualties
Caused by mechanized warfare and trench warfare
In U.S. “Return to normalcy”Strengthened U.S. military and gov’t
In EuropeMassive destruction, violence, instabilityOpened door for communism and fascism
WHAT IS NEXT FOR THE WORLD?