Alternative models of the body: Opening science to cross-cultural dialogue
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Transcript of Alternative models of the body: Opening science to cross-cultural dialogue
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Alternate Models of the Body: Opening Science to Cross-Cultural Dialogue
Alternate Models of the Body: Opening Science to Cross-Cultural Dialogue
Neil Theise, MDDepartments of Pathology and Medicine (Digestive Diseases)Mount Sinai Beth Israel Medical CenterNew York City
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
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neiltheise.com
neiltheise.wordpress.com
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Beyond Cell Doctrine Complexity Theory Informs Alternate Models of the Body for Cross-Cultural Dialogue
Theise ND.Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009; 1172: 263-9.
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Mechanisms of Yogic Practices in Health, Aging, and DiseaseKuntsevich V, Bushcell WC, Theise ND. Mount Sinai J Med. 2010; 77: 559–569.
From the global to the local: possible pathways for the transduction of Indo-Sino-Tibetan cognitive-behavioral practices into site-specific, tissue-regenerative effects.
Bushell WC, Spector NH, Theise ND.Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009; 1172: 74-87
Toward a unified field of study: longevity, regeneration, and protection of health through meditation and related practices.
Bushell WC, Theise ND.Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2009; 1172: 5-19
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neiltheise.com
neiltheise.wordpress.com
also: Researchgate, Academia.edu
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Cross Cultural Views of Bodies
A Complexity Primer
The Universe as Complex System
Biofields and Boundaries
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Cross Cultural Views of Bodies
A Complexity Primer
The Universe as Complex System
Biofields and Boundaries
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Cross Cultural Views of Bodies “Western” Biology and Medicine
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Cross Cultural Views of Bodies “Western” Biology and Medicine
= “Cell Doctrine”
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Cross Cultural Views of Bodies “Western” Biology and Medicine
= “Cell Doctrine” Non-”Western” traditions
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Cross Cultural Views of Bodies “Western” Biology and Medicine
= “Cell Doctrine” Non-”Western” traditions
…”nested” bodies
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Cross Cultural Views of Bodies
A Complexity Primer
The Universe as Complex System
Biofields and Boundaries
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Complex Adaptive Systems:
1Lewin R, Complexity: Life at the Edge of Chaos. 2nd ed. Chicago IL: University of Chicago Press; 2002.
2Johnson S, Emergence. New York NY: Scribner; 2001.
1,2
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Complex Adaptive Systems:Interacting individuals that,
if they fulfill 4 criteria,organize themselves from the bottom up,
into larger structures, which appear planned from the top, downward…
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Complex Adaptive Systems:Interacting individuals that,
if they fulfill 4 criteria,organize themselves from the bottom up,
into larger structures, which appear planned from the top, downward…
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Complex Adaptive Systems:Interacting individuals that,
if they fulfill 4 criteria,organize themselves from the bottom up,
into larger structures, which appear planned from the top, downward…
BUT ARE NOT!
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Complex Adaptive Systems:Interacting individuals that,
if they fulfill 4 criteria,organize themselves from the bottom up,
into larger structures, which appear planned from the top, downward…
These structures are referred to as“emergent self-organization”
and are ADAPTIVE.
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Complex Adaptive Systems:• Numbers matter
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Complex Adaptive Systems:• Numbers matter
• Negative feedback loops
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Complex Adaptive Systems:• Numbers matter
• Negative feedback loops
• Interactions are local without global sensing
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Complex Adaptive Systems:• Numbers matter
• Negative feedback loops
• Interactions are local without global sensing
• Low level randomness
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Complex Adaptive Systems:• Numbers matter
• Negative feedback loops
• Interactions are local without global sensing
• “Quenched disorder”
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1Theise ND. Exp Hematology 20032D’Inverno M, Theise ND. BCMD 20043D’Inverno M, Theise ND, Prophet J.
In: Potten C, Wilson J, Clarke R, Renahan A: Tissue stem cells: Biology and applications
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Implications of Cell Lineagesas Complex Adaptive Systems
Mass extinctions.
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order
disorder“chaos”
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disorder“chaos”
complex adaptive
systemsorder
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Implications
The price of adaptation,
i.e. of LIFE,
is DEATH
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Cross Cultural Views of Bodies
A Complexity Primer
The Universe as Complex System
Biofields and Boundaries
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Hierarchies of complex systems…
Theise. Nature, May 2006
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Hierarchies of complex systems…
thing vs. phenomena
depends on scale of observation
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ChRISTOPHER SWANN
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Hierarchies of complex systems…
thing vs. phenomena
depends on scale of observation
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Hierarchies of complex systems…
thing vs. phenomena
depends on scale of observation
=> COMPLEMENTARITY
Theise. Nature, May 2006Theise & Kafatos, Complexity, 2013
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Complementarity and the Copenhagen InterpretationQuantum phenomena exhibit complementary aspects that are revealed by specific observations, i.e. there are a range of possible states prior to observation and any single observation is unable to capture all aspects of the complete physical situation simultaneously.
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Complementarity and the Copenhagen InterpretationQuantum phenomena exhibit complementary aspects that are revealed by specific observations, i.e. there are a range of possible states prior to observation and any single observation is unable to capture all aspects of the complete physical situation simultaneously.
Biological Complementarity
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CommunitiesBodiesCells
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e.g. cities, cultures, ecosystems, GaiaBodiesCells
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CommunitiesBodiesCells
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CommunitiesBodiesCells
Biomolecules
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Theise ND. Now you see it, now you don’t.Nature, May 2005
“Cell doctrine: modern biology and medicine see the cell as the fundamental building block of livingorganisms, but this concept breaks down at different perspectives and scales.”
CommunitiesBodiesCells
Biomolecules
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“The validity of cell doctrine depends on the scale at which the body is observed…
CommunitiesBodiesCells
Biomolecules
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“The validity of cell doctrine depends on the scale at which the body is observed. To limit ourselves to the perspective of this model may mean that explications of some bodily phenomena remain outside the capacity of modern biology…
CommunitiesBodiesCells
Biomolecules
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“The validity of cell doctrine depends on the scale at which the body is observed. To limit ourselves to the perspective of this model may mean that explications of some bodily phenomena remain outside the capacity of modern biology…
e.g. Acupuncture
CommunitiesBodiesCells
Biomolecules
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What kind of models?
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for example,2 models from Ancient Greece:
Is the body made of… indivisible subunits or an endlessly divisible fluid
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Models of the body are perspective/technique dependent
Look at it this way (cell membranes): the body is made of cells
Look at it that way (organelles): the body is an endlessly divisible fluid
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“The validity of cell doctrine depends on the scale at which the body is observed. To limit ourselves to the perspective of this model may mean that explications of some bodily phenomena remain outside the capacity of modern biology. It is perhaps time to dethrone the doctrine of the cell, to allow alternative models of the body for study and exploitation...”
CommunitiesBodiesCells
Biomolecules
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Theise. Nature, May 2006Theise & Kafatos, Complexity, 2013
Biological Complementarity
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NOT A HIERARCHY…
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NOT A HIERARCHY… A HOLARCHY!
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CommunitiesBodiesCells
BiomoleculesAtoms
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CommunitiesBodiesCells
BiomoleculesAtoms
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CommunitiesBodiesCells
BiomoleculesAtoms
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CommunitiesBodiesCells
BiomoleculesAtoms
We are walking, talking Earth…
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CommunitiesBodiesCells
BiomoleculesAtoms
Subatomic Particles
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CommunitiesBodiesCells
BiomoleculesAtoms
Subatomic ParticlesStrings (or whatever)
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CommunitiesBodiesCells
BiomoleculesAtoms
Subatomic ParticlesStrings (or whatever)
The Quantum Foam
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We don’t live in the universe . . .
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. . . we are the universe
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Cross Cultural Views of the Body
A Complexity Primer
The Universe as Complex System
Biofields and Boundaries
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Boundaries are scale dependent
Theise. Nature, May 2006Theise & Kafatos, Complexity, 2013
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disorder“chaos”
order
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Macroscopic body
Microscopic body
Nanoscopic body
Quantum body
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Macroscopic body
Microscopic body
Nanoscopic body
Quantum body
e.g. physical therapysurgery
e.g. stem cell therapies,probiotics, fecal txp
e.g. molecular medicineantibiotics
e.g. electromagnetics
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Macroscopic body
Microscopic body
Nanoscopic body
Quantum body
e.g. yogatai chi
e.g. acupuncture?
e.g. traditional remedies
e.g. “energy” healing?meditation?
Nested Bodies, e.g. coarse, subtle, energy,
etc.
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Fundamental Awareness:A framework for integrating science, philosophy and metaphysics
Neil D. Theise, MD Menas Kafatos, PhD
Communicative and Integrative Biology 2016; 3: e115010
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