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their age increase.

3.Concreteoperational

Roughly 7 to 11years

The children can nowacquire certainlogical structuresthat allow them toperform mentaloperations.

4.Formaloperations

11 to 15 years Mental operationsare now applied toverbal or logicalstatements and not

limited to concreteobjects.

Table . Piaget stage of cognitive deveopment

VYGOTSKYS COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT THEORY

Lev Semyonovich Vygotskywas particularlyconcerned withsocio cultural factors in cognitive development through likePiaget; he was also interested in childrens natural learning.

Vygotskys Stages of Conceptual Though

The instrument composed of 22 blocks of dcolors, heights and sizes and came to be knowblocks

STAGES CHARACTERI

Thinking in unorganizedcongeries or heaps

Child put things i

Substage I-ATrial-and-error grouping

Group of are crearandom, blind gue

Substage I-BVisual-field organization

Child applies a grto a collection of

Substage I-CReformed heaps

Child performs thshifting elementsaround.

IIThinking in Complexes

Individual objectconcretely unitedmind.

The bonds betwecomponents are cfactual.

Substage II-AAssociated Complexes

Based on any bonnotices that is, cnearness of objeother.


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Substage II-BCollection Complexes

Items are grouped by contrastrather than by similarity.

Substage II-CChain Complexes

These involved a consecutivejoining of individual items witha meaningful bond necessaryonly between one link and thenext in the game of dominoes.

Substage II-D

Diffuse Complexes

Groupings have fluidity in the

attribute that unites theindividual elements. The childmay put triangles together,then add trapezoid to thegroup because the trapezoidspoints remind the child of a

triangles points.Substage II-EPseudoconcept Complexes

Grouping appears to be basedon true conceptual thinking butthe child is unable torationalize the groupingadequately.

IIIThinking Concepts

Synthesizing of phenomenathat share common aspects.Analyzing or separatingphenomena by singling out orabstracting elements fromthem.

Table . Vygotsky stage of conceptual development

Zone of Proximal Development

The Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) ideveloped by Lev Vygotsky, a Russian psychologisof Zone of Proximal Development is that is the dithe learner's current developmental position and developmental level that the learner can attain wof a more knowledgeable person.

Soviet Development Theory

Vygotsky and Elkonin can described a theoindividual activity also merged. An activity is a poriented genuinely industrious interaction with thproduct of this activity becoming transformed inthe individuals intellect(Thomas, 1985)


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Developmental Stages by Vygotsky and Elkonin

STAGES CHARACTERISTICS

IBirth to age 1

Intuitive and emotionalcontact between child and

adults

Children feel a need for interactingwith other people.Children express emotional attitudestoward other people.Children learn to grasp things.

Children display a variety ofperceptual actions

IIAge 1-3

Object-manipulationactivity

Children adapt socially accept waysof handling.Children develop speech and visualperception through interaction with

adults.IIIAge 3-7

Playing games activity

Children engage in symbolic activitiesand creative play.

Children starts to understand how tocooperate together in groupactivities

IVAges 11

Learning activity

Develop theoretical approaches tothe world of things including mentaloperations, mental schemes forproblem solving, reflective thinking.

VAges 11-15

Adolescents gain skills in initiatingtypes of communication needed for

Social-communicationactivity

solving lifes probleunderstanding othemotives, and in conssubmitting to group

VIAge 15-17

Vocational-learningactivity

Individuals developvocational interestsof research work, aproject.

Table . Soviet development theory

Moral development

Moral development is the process through

develop proper attitudes and behaviors toward otsociety, based on social and cultural norms, rules,


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Piagets Cognitive-Moral Development Stages

STAGES CHARACTERISTICS

1.Heteronomous morality,moral realism, moralityof constraint

The child bases his moral judgment on respect forauthority figures like objectiverules set by parents and otheradults.This stage reflects a morality ofconstraints, absolistics thoughtpatterns.There are the immanentconcepts of fairness andjustice.

2.Autonomous morality,morality of equity andcooperation.

The person begins to develop asubjective sense of autonomyand reciprocity.Social experiences especially peerinteraction becomes the mainvehicle for cooperative growth.

Table . Piagets cognitive moral development

Two Stages of Piagets Cognitive-Moral

Thoery

1. The morality of constraints. Also called morality ar behavior, moral judgment by thon rules by authority perceived as absolute

2. The morality of cooperation. Unlike inconstraint where there is so much external c

this stage originates from within \the childautonomous morality.

Kohlbergs Cognitive-Moral Development T

Kohlberg Cognitive-Moral Development Th

philosophical, psychological and pedagogical rootsPiaget's work in cognitive reasoning into adolesceadulthood. He felt that moral development was a evolved over time. Still, his six stages of moral dedrafted in 1958, mirrors Piaget's early model.


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oral stage may be over-dependent on others and may seek oralstimulation through smoking, drinking, or eating.

Basic assumption of Psychoanalytic Theory

Sigmund Freud's Psychoanalytic Theory has been one of themost influential theories of our time. It assumes that all behaviors,physical and psychological need energy for these to be activated.

Psychic energy also called drive energy or libido performspsychological functions. It have two basic instinct , the lifeinstinct(eros) and the death instinct(thanathos). Eros as the termsuggested is the instinct to live, love for self-preservation, sex,striving toward unity, community and other life-enhancingactivities. Thanatos is the instinct to die, hate, self destroy andother activaties that may lead to death.

Structure of personality

It breaks the human personality down into three criticalparts: Id, Ego and Superego. The Id is the most basic part and ispresent at birth. The Idfunctions with the pleasure principle. This

means it tends to be a little animalistic. It can be irrational andillogical. The Egoworks to maintain or control the Id. It operateson the reality principal and tries to keep the Id straight. The Egomakes a person have rational and realistic thoughts whileinteracting with others. The Superego is the conscience. Itcontains the principles and ideals of society. The Superegooperates on idealism. Its goal is to inhibit the desires of the Id

and convince the Ego to work towards more morarealistic ones.

Frueds Psychosexual Developmental Stag

Stage AGE FOCUS OFPLEASURE

SE$XUALINTEREST

Oral Birth to 1

year

Mouth SuckingSwallow

gBiting,EatingAnal 1-3 year Anus Expelling fece

retaining fecestoilet training

Phallic 3-6 year Genitals Touching penis

clitoris

Latency

6-puberty No area ofbodilyattachment

Sexual interessupressed

Genital

Adolescence

Genitals Peer of theopposite sex

Table . Frueds psychosexual stage


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ERIK ERIKSON PSYCHOCOCIAL DEVELOPMENTTHEORY

Erikson's greatest innovation was to postulate not fivestages of development, as Sigmund Freud had done with hispsychosexual stages, but eight, and then later added a ninth stagein his book "

ERIK ERIKSON PSYCHOSOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

STAGES

STAGE AGE

PSYCHOLOGICALCRISIS

CONCEPTS/OPTIONALOUTCOMES

RADIUSOF

SIGNIFICANTOTHERS

VIRTUES

DEVELOPED

1.Oralsensory

0-1years

Trust vs.mistrust

Optimism,basic trust

Maternalperson

Hope

2.mascular-anal

2-3years

Autonomyvs. shameand doubt

Sense ofcontrol evenoneself andtheenvironment

Paternalperson

Will

3. Locomotor-genital

3-6years

Initiativevs. guilt

Goal indirectednessand purposed

4. Latency

7-12years

Industryvs.inferiority

Competenceinintellectual,social and

physical skills5. Adole

scence

12-18years

Identityvs.identityconfusion

Integratedimage ofoneself asunique person

6.Youngadulthood

20to30s

Intimacyandsolidarityvs.

isolation

Careercommitmentmade, abilityto share and

form closeand lastingrelationship

7. Middle

30sto

Generativity vs self

Productivity,concern for


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adulthood

50s absorption

family, theworld and thefuturegeneration

andsharedhouseholds,mankind

8. Lateadulthood

50sandbey

ond

Integrityvs.despair

Sense offulfillmentand

satisfactionwith oneslife, wisdom

mykind

Wisdom

Table . Erick Erikson psychosocial development stage

Level of Understanding

y My level of understanding in this stage is 95%because Id understand better that everydevelopment have stages before reaching thosedevelopment.

Exercises:

Group the class into seven (7) and ball the stages and give examples.

Group the class into five (5) for the


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CHAPTER II THE BIOLOGICAL BASIS OF BEHAVIOR

Objectives:After this chapter, the student must:

Discuss the biological basis and their relationship to thevarious aspects of behavior and mental functioning.

Know the importance of biological basis of behavior.HEREDITY

Heredity is defined as the transmission of the

characteristics of parents to their offspring through the genes

Figure 1. Determining Sex of Offspring

THE NEURON

The nervous systemis the major instrumeand coordination of the many activities regardingthrough conduction of messages and making connethe smooth operation of all parts of the body. It that it consists of several billions of neurons or n

The neuron is the basic functional unit of tsystem. Each neuron is made up of a unit of livingprotoplasm. It consists of a cell body that servesnourishment and a nucleus from which may branchcalled dendrites or fibers and axons. Dendrites a

receiving stations or entrance of nerve impulses aneutral impulses to the cell body, while axons serchannels along which the nerve impulses are convethe cell body.

Females Male

Eggs Sperms

Females Males

X X X

YXXX

XXX XX X


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Division of the Brain

1. Left Hemisphere(LH)2.Right Hemisphere(RH)

Figure 8. Division Of The Brain

Left Brained Individual (bigger in female)

a. More spontaneous in speaking and writingb. Recognizes word easierc. Responds easily to complex commandsd. Display negative emotions and feelings of anxiety

Right Brained Individual (bigger in male)

a. R

epetitive but not spontaneous in speechb. Faculty for facial recognitionc. Good memory for shapes and musicd. Keen on spatial/interpretatione. Emotionally responsive and has positive emotion.

Left side of the body controlled by right hemisphereRight side of the body controlled by left hemisphere

Level of Understanding:

My level of understanding in this chapter islearned that there are biological basis of behavioself.

Exercises:

Left/right brained individual test Group the class into three (3) and discuss

basis of behavior.


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Chapter 5 Multiple Intelligence

Objectives:After this chapter the student must:

know the person involve in every mental intelligence Know your mental intelligence

1. Logical/MathematicianCapacity for logical or numerical patterns: reasoning capacity.

Albert EinsteinHe was born at Ulm, in Wrttemberg, Germany, on March 14,

1879. Six weeks later the family moved to Munich, where he lateron began his schooling at the Luitpold Gymnasium. Later, theymoved to Italy and Albert continued his education at Aarau,Switzerland and in 1896 he entered the Swiss Federal PolytechnicSchool in Zurich to be trained as a teacher in physics andmathematics. In 1901, the year he gained his diploma, he acquiredSwiss citizenship and, as he was unable to find a teaching post, he

accepted a position as technical assistant in the SOffice. In 1905 he obtained his doctor's degree.

The Accomplishments of Albert EinsteinThe four major areas of science that Albert Einsto are Light, Time, Energy and Gravity

Achievements:He asserted the equivalence of mass and ene

lead to the famous formula E=mc2In 1917, Einstein published a paper which use

relativity to model the behavior of an entire unive

relativity has spawned some of the weirdest and results in modern astronomy.


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2. Linguistics

Sensitive to sound, to rhythms, and meanings of words,sensitive to the different function of language.

Korina Sanches

Korina Maria Roxas (ne Sanchez) is a Filipina broadcastjournalist. She is one of the frontline personalities for ABS-CBNBroadcasting Corporation, her home network for more than twodecades.

She was born on October 5, 1964 in Hong Kong. Her father, Ramon P.Sanchez, Sr. (19192004), was the General Manager of then Hongkonglandmark, Ambassador Hotel. She is the only girl of Ramon and Celia

Sanchez's brood of five children. When the family came back to thePhilippinesAchievements:

In 2004, she was appointed ABS-CBN's Chief Correspondent forPhilippine & Global Operations.[2]

After almost two years hiatus from newscasting, she was re-installed asnews anchor at Bandila, the news program of ABS-CBN (replacing

Insider). Her pilot episode ran on 3 July 2006. On 10debuted Korina Today on the ANC.

On 8 May 2009, Sanchez took an indefinite leave fradio morning program and evening newscast Bandila, her wedding to Senator Mar Roxas and his presidentiPhilippine elections.[3][4]However, her magazine prograremained part of the network's Sunday programming.

On November 8, 2010, Sanchez together with formNoli de Castro joined with Ted Failon in TV Patrol.

3.MusicalAbility to appreciateand produce rhythm

timbre; appreciation of the forms of music

Maria Lea Carmen Imutan SaFebruary 22, 1971 (age 40)Angeles City and Manila, Philippines Occupation siYears active 1978present Spouse Robert Charlepresent)


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Achievements:She is best known for originating the lead role of Kim in the

musical Miss Saigon,[2] for which she won the Olivier, Tony, DramaDesk, Outer Critics and Theatre World awards.[2][3]

She was the first Asian to play the roles of ponine andFantine in the musical Les Misrables on Broadway.[4] She alsoprovided the singing voice of two Disney "princesses": Jasmine inAladdin (1992), and Fa Mulan in Mulan (1998) and Mulan II

(2004).[5

4.SpatialGood at processing and arranging objects in the environment.

Juan F. Nakpil (18991986)Achievements:He was a Filipino architect, teacher and a community leader. In

1973, he was named one of the National Artists for architecture.

5.Bodily-KinestheticAbility to control ones body movement an

effectively and to manipulate objects effectively

Date of birth August 23, 1978 (age 32) Place of Pennsylvania Nationality American High school LoArdmore, Pennsylvania

Achievements:y 5 NBA Champion (2000, 2001, 2002, 2009, 2010)y 2 NBA Finals MVP (20092010)y NBA Most Valuable Player (2008)y 13 NBA All-Star (1998, 20002011)y 2 NBA scoring champion (20062007)y 8 All-NBA First Team (20022004, 20062010)y 2 All-NBA Second Team (20002001)y 2 All-NBA Third Team (1999, 2005)y 8 All-Defensive First Team (2000, 20032004, 200620y 2 All-Defensive Second Team (20012002)y NBA All-Rookie Second Team (1997)y 4 NBA All-Star Game MVP (2002, 2007, 2009, 2011)y NBA Slam Dunk Contest champion (1997)y Olympic Gold Medalist (2008)y Naismith Prep Player of the Year (1996)


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6. Intrapersonal

Alfred Adler (February 7, 1870 May 28, 1937) was an Austrianmedical doctor, psychotherapist, and founder of the school of

individual psychologyFebruary 7, 1870Rudolfsheim near Vienna, Austria-Hungary (now Rudolfsheim-Fnfhaus, Vienna, Austria) Died May 28, 1937 (aged 67)Aberdeen, Scotland Residence Austria Nationality Austrian EthnicityJewish Occupation Psychotherapist, psychiatrist Known for Individual

Psychology Spouse Raissa EpsteAchievements:

Adler was a pioneer in the field of child guidance, opening thefirst child guidance clinic in Vienna in 1921.

Adler's work went beyond intervention, as he designedparenting tools and education programs in an effort to preventmental health problems in later life. The following are currentsuccessful parenting education programs based on the work ofAlfred Adler:

Active Parenting Alyson Schafer's Principles, Rules, and Tools

Parenting Connexions Press, publisher of Raising Kids W

Series Cooperative Discipline Positive Discipline STEP


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9. Philosopher

Full name Socrates ()Born c. 469 / 470 BC[1]

Died 399 BC (age approx. 71)Era Ancient philosophyRegion Western Philosophy

School Classical GreekThe trial and execution of Socrates was the climax of his career andthe central event of the dialogs of Plato. According to Plato, however,both were unnecessary. Socrates admits in court that he could haveavoided his trial in the first place by abandoning philosophy and goinghome to mind his own business.

10.Bodily-Kinesthetic

Full name: Karla Cosilet TinioBorn: October 14, 1993, atPacac, Guimba, Nueva EcijaSchool: Eduardo L. Joson Memorial CollegeCourse: BSBA-Marketing ManagementHobby: Watching T.V. and reading BooksReligion: Iglesia Ni Cristo

Achievements:Cheer dancer- Intramurals (2010)Street Dancer- Ragragsak ti Guimba (2007)2ndRunner-up-Balagtasan Buwan Ng Wika (2010)

Elected Auditor SSG (Student Supreme Government2009)4thHonorable Mention (High School)

Level of Understanding:My level of understanding is 95% because I learned intelligence.


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References:Dr. Anselmo Inpdap; Gen. Psychology (2005); Grand WaterPublication and Researcher Corporation.http://jegans.files.wordpress.com/2MLA style: "Albert Einstein- Biography". Nobelprize.org. 31 Mar 2011http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/physics/laureates/19
The Accomplishments of Albert Einstein
The four major areas of science that Albert Einsteincontributed to are Light, Time, Energy and Gravity21/einstein-bio.htm009/10/albert-einstein.j

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Juan F. Nakpil (18991986) was a Fhttp://farm4.static.flickr.com/3225/2510762273_f.jpghttp://home.epix.net/~renjilia/adler.jpghttp://cnchs2012.blog.friendster.com/files/aristotl

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MY JOURNAL IN PSYCHOLOGY

BY: KARLA COSILET TINIO

BSBA-2MM

2010-2011

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