ALLERGY IN ALABAMA n SPRING - FLOWERING GRASSES, ORNAMENTAL FLOWERS, NOT PINE POLLEN n FALL –...

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ALLERGY IN ALABAMA ALLERGY IN ALABAMA SPRING - FLOWERING GRASSES, SPRING - FLOWERING GRASSES, ORNAMENTAL FLOWERS, NOT PINE POLLEN ORNAMENTAL FLOWERS, NOT PINE POLLEN FALL – RAGWEED NOT GOLDENROD FALL – RAGWEED NOT GOLDENROD YEAR ROUND-ANIMAL YEAR ROUND-ANIMAL DANDER AND SALIVA DANDER AND SALIVA SUMMER/HUMIDITY -MOLDS/ FUNGUS SUMMER/HUMIDITY -MOLDS/ FUNGUS

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Transcript of ALLERGY IN ALABAMA n SPRING - FLOWERING GRASSES, ORNAMENTAL FLOWERS, NOT PINE POLLEN n FALL –...

Page 1: ALLERGY IN ALABAMA n SPRING - FLOWERING GRASSES, ORNAMENTAL FLOWERS, NOT PINE POLLEN n FALL – RAGWEED NOT GOLDENROD n YEAR ROUND-ANIMAL DANDER AND SALIVA.

ALLERGY IN ALABAMAALLERGY IN ALABAMA

SPRING - FLOWERING GRASSES, SPRING - FLOWERING GRASSES, ORNAMENTAL FLOWERS, NOT PINE ORNAMENTAL FLOWERS, NOT PINE POLLENPOLLEN

FALL – RAGWEED NOT GOLDENRODFALL – RAGWEED NOT GOLDENROD YEAR ROUND-ANIMALYEAR ROUND-ANIMAL DANDER AND DANDER AND

SALIVASALIVA SUMMER/HUMIDITY -MOLDS/ FUNGUSSUMMER/HUMIDITY -MOLDS/ FUNGUS

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RAGWEED GOLDENROD

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Welcome to Alabama

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Timothy Grass

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Bermuda Grass

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HYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONSHYPERSENSITIVITY REACTIONS

TYPE I- ALLERGIC CONJUNCTIVITISTYPE I- ALLERGIC CONJUNCTIVITIS TYPE II- MYASTHENIA GRAVISTYPE II- MYASTHENIA GRAVIS TYPE III-UVEITIS? SJOGRENSTYPE III-UVEITIS? SJOGRENS TYPE IV- CONTACT DERMATITIS & TYPE IV- CONTACT DERMATITIS &

GPCGPC

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Allergic conjunctivitis

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Myasthenia Gravis

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Sjogrens

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Phlyctenular Conjunctivitis

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ALLERGY CASCADEALLERGY CASCADE

IGE BINDS ANTIGENIGE BINDS ANTIGEN

FORMS DIMER AT SURFACE OF MAST CELLFORMS DIMER AT SURFACE OF MAST CELL

MAST CELL DEGRANULATESMAST CELL DEGRANULATESHISTAMINEHISTAMINEPROSTAGLANDINSPROSTAGLANDINSTHROMBOXANESTHROMBOXANESLEUKOTRIENESLEUKOTRIENESVASOACTIVE AMINESVASOACTIVE AMINESEOSINOPHIL ATTRACTING FACTOREOSINOPHIL ATTRACTING FACTOR

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STAGES OF ALLERGIC DISEASESTAGES OF ALLERGIC DISEASE

EARLY PHASEEARLY PHASE MAST CELLS AND PRODUCTSMAST CELLS AND PRODUCTS

LATE PHASELATE PHASE LEUKOCYTESLEUKOCYTES T -LYMPHOCYTEST -LYMPHOCYTES

CHRONIC PHASECHRONIC PHASE T CELLS FACTORST CELLS FACTORS

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MAST CELLSMAST CELLS

DIFFERENT TYPES OF MAST CELLSDIFFERENT TYPES OF MAST CELLS CHYMASE POSITIVECHYMASE POSITIVE TYPTASE POSITIVE (all mast cells, most TYPTASE POSITIVE (all mast cells, most

common ocular surface, prevents clotting) common ocular surface, prevents clotting) CHYMASE AND TYPTASE (most CHYMASE AND TYPTASE (most

common in non allergic)common in non allergic)

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calcium

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Inside Mast Cells

Increase synthesis of phosopholipase A-Increase synthesis of phosopholipase A-production of arachodonic acidproduction of arachodonic acid

Increase protein kinase production-Increase protein kinase production-necessary for degranulationnecessary for degranulation

Increase in intracellular calcium levelsIncrease in intracellular calcium levels 24-48 hours increase cytokine production24-48 hours increase cytokine production

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CGMPCGMP

INCREASES MAST CELL INCREASES MAST CELL DEGRANULATIONDEGRANULATION

ALPHA AGONISTS INCREASEALPHA AGONISTS INCREASE BY DECREASING CAMPBY DECREASING CAMP

CHOLINERGICS INCREASE CGMPCHOLINERGICS INCREASE CGMP

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CAMPCAMP

DECREASES DEGRANULATIONDECREASES DEGRANULATION HISTAMINE INCREASESHISTAMINE INCREASES BETA ADRENERGIC DRUGS BETA ADRENERGIC DRUGS

INCREASEINCREASE ADENYL ADENYL

CYCLASE(PROSTAGLANDINS)CYCLASE(PROSTAGLANDINS)

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CAMP CGMP

cAMP cGMP Balance

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PROSTAGLANDIN D2PROSTAGLANDIN D2

PRIMARY OCULAR PG IN PRIMARY OCULAR PG IN HYPERSENSITIVITYHYPERSENSITIVITY

CHEMOSISCHEMOSIS REDNESSREDNESS DISCHARGEDISCHARGE EOSINOPHIL CHEMOTAXISEOSINOPHIL CHEMOTAXIS

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BIOLOGIC ACTIVITY OF BIOLOGIC ACTIVITY OF PROSTAGLANDINSPROSTAGLANDINS

PGFPGF22 & PGD & PGD22- BRONCHOSPASM- BRONCHOSPASM

PGIPGI22- PULMONARY DILATION & < - PULMONARY DILATION & <

PLATELET AGGREGATIONPLATELET AGGREGATION PGEPGE2 2 BRONCHODILATORBRONCHODILATOR

PGEPGE11 &PGE &PGE22 -> NERVE SENSITIVITY -> NERVE SENSITIVITY

VASODILATIONVASODILATION TXATXA22-VASOCONSTRICTION-VASOCONSTRICTION

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BIOLOGIC ACTIVITY OF BIOLOGIC ACTIVITY OF LEUKOTRIENESLEUKOTRIENES

LTBLTB44

PMN ATTRACTANTPMN ATTRACTANT EOSINOPHIL ATTRACTANTEOSINOPHIL ATTRACTANT > > VASCULAR PERMEABILITYVASCULAR PERMEABILITY >.>.EDEMAEDEMA COFACTOR W/ PGECOFACTOR W/ PGE22 & PGD & PGD22

LTCLTC44, LTD, LTD44, LTE, LTE44

BRONCHOCONSTRICTORSBRONCHOCONSTRICTORS MYOCARDIAL DEPRESSANTSMYOCARDIAL DEPRESSANTS

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EOSINOPHILS-ACTIVATIONEOSINOPHILS-ACTIVATION

EOSINOPHIL CHEMOTACTIC EOSINOPHIL CHEMOTACTIC FACTOR(LTBFACTOR(LTB44))

HISTAMINASE DECREASESHISTAMINASE DECREASES PHOSPHOLIPASE DECREASESPHOSPHOLIPASE DECREASES ARYL SULFATASE DECREASESARYL SULFATASE DECREASES PLATELET ACTIVATING FACTOR PLATELET ACTIVATING FACTOR

STRONGLYATTRACTSSTRONGLYATTRACTS

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EOSINOPHILSEOSINOPHILS

MAJOR BASIC PROTEIN (anti-parasite)MAJOR BASIC PROTEIN (anti-parasite) HIGHLY TOXIC TO EPITHELIUMHIGHLY TOXIC TO EPITHELIUM INCREASES MAST CELL INCREASES MAST CELL

DEGRANULATIONDEGRANULATION EOSINOPHIL CATIONIC PROTEINEOSINOPHIL CATIONIC PROTEIN EOSINOPHIL PEROXIDASE EOSINOPHIL PEROXIDASE

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HISTAMINEHISTAMINE

BRONCHOSPASM BRONCHOSPASM VASODILATORVASODILATOR INCREASES VASCULAR INCREASES VASCULAR

PERMEABILITYPERMEABILITY ACTIVATES NERVE TERMINALSACTIVATES NERVE TERMINALS

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PLATELET ACTIVATING FACTOR PLATELET ACTIVATING FACTOR RELEASING CELLSRELEASING CELLS

BASOPHILSBASOPHILS MAST CELLSMAST CELLS EOSINOPHILSEOSINOPHILS MONOCYTES/MACROPHAGESMONOCYTES/MACROPHAGES PMN’SPMN’S

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T CELL MEDIATED FACTORST CELL MEDIATED FACTORS

IL-3 INDUCES MAST CELL IL-3 INDUCES MAST CELL DEGRANULATIONDEGRANULATION

IL-4 FACILITATES IIL-4 FACILITATES IGGE PRODUCTION E PRODUCTION

BY B LYMPHOCYTESBY B LYMPHOCYTES IL-5 STIMULATES EOSINOPHIL IL-5 STIMULATES EOSINOPHIL

PROLIFERATIONPROLIFERATION

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OCULAR RESPONSE IN ARACHADONIC OCULAR RESPONSE IN ARACHADONIC ACID PATHWAYACID PATHWAY

CYCLO-OXYGENASE PATHWAYCYCLO-OXYGENASE PATHWAY LID SWELLINGLID SWELLING CHEMOSISCHEMOSIS VASODILATIONVASODILATION

LIPO-OXYGENASE PATHWAYLIPO-OXYGENASE PATHWAY CHRONIC INFLAMMATIONCHRONIC INFLAMMATION

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OCULAR SURFACE HISTAMINE OCULAR SURFACE HISTAMINE RECEPTORSRECEPTORS

HH1 1 RECEPTORS- NEURONAL RECEPTORS- NEURONAL

PRODUCES ITCHING PRODUCES ITCHING

HH2 2 RECEPTORS- VASCULAR RECEPTORS- VASCULAR

PRODUCES REDNESSPRODUCES REDNESS

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DIAGNOSIS OF ALLERGYDIAGNOSIS OF ALLERGY

RAST (RADIOALLERGOSORBANT RAST (RADIOALLERGOSORBANT ASSAY)ASSAY)

PRICK TESTSPRICK TESTS INDERATION TESTSINDERATION TESTS DIRECT CHALLENGEDIRECT CHALLENGE CONJUNCTIVAL CHALLENGECONJUNCTIVAL CHALLENGE

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CONJUNCTIVAL CHALLENGE FDA REQUIREMENT FOR NEW DRUGSFDA REQUIREMENT FOR NEW DRUGS ALLERGEN APPLIED TO CONJALLERGEN APPLIED TO CONJ REDNESS,WATERING,CHEMOSIS REDNESS,WATERING,CHEMOSIS

GRADEDGRADED RETEST WITH PRETREATMENTRETEST WITH PRETREATMENT

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DRUG ACTIONS

MAST CELL STABILIZERSMAST CELL STABILIZERS STEROIDSSTEROIDS ANTIHISTAMINESANTIHISTAMINES ASPIRINASPIRIN NONSTEROIDALSNONSTEROIDALS VASOCONSTRICTORSVASOCONSTRICTORS THEOPHYLLINETHEOPHYLLINE

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STEROID ACTIONS

DECREASE mRNADECREASE mRNA INHIBITS PHOSPHOLIPASE AINHIBITS PHOSPHOLIPASE A POTENTIATES B ADRENERGICSPOTENTIATES B ADRENERGICS CONSTRICTS BLOOD VESSELSCONSTRICTS BLOOD VESSELS DECREASES CHEMOTAXISDECREASES CHEMOTAXIS LYMPHOPENIALYMPHOPENIA DECREASES MACROPHAGE FUNCTIONDECREASES MACROPHAGE FUNCTION

GI, RENAL, PLATELET, MACROPHAGE GI, RENAL, PLATELET, MACROPHAGE DIFFERENTIATIONDIFFERENTIATION

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STEROID EFFECTS

DECREASE MESSENGER RNADECREASE MESSENGER RNA

INHIBITS PHOSPHOLIPASE A PRODUCTIONINHIBITS PHOSPHOLIPASE A PRODUCTION

INCREASES CAMPINCREASES CAMP

POTENTIATES B ADRENERGIC DRUGSPOTENTIATES B ADRENERGIC DRUGS

CONSTRICTS BLOOD VESSELSCONSTRICTS BLOOD VESSELS

DECREASES CHEMOTAXISDECREASES CHEMOTAXIS

LYMPHOPENIALYMPHOPENIA

DECREASED MACROPHAGE FUNCTIONDECREASED MACROPHAGE FUNCTION

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DRUG ACTIONS STEROIDS-MULIPLE EFFECTSSTEROIDS-MULIPLE EFFECTS

MAST CELL STABILIZERS-INHIBIT CALCIUM MAST CELL STABILIZERS-INHIBIT CALCIUM ENTRY INTO CELLENTRY INTO CELL

ANTIHISTIMINES- EFFECT AFTER RELEASEANTIHISTIMINES- EFFECT AFTER RELEASE

ASPIRIN - INHIBITS CYCLO-OXYGENASE ASPIRIN - INHIBITS CYCLO-OXYGENASE PATHWAYPATHWAY

NONSTEROIDALS- INHIBIT CYCLO-NONSTEROIDALS- INHIBIT CYCLO-OXYGENASE PATHWAYOXYGENASE PATHWAY

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COX 1 AND COX 2

COX 1 PRESENT AT STEADY STATE COX 1 PRESENT AT STEADY STATE LEVELSLEVELS HOMEOSTATIC FUNCTIONSHOMEOSTATIC FUNCTIONS

COX 2 ASSOCIATED WITH COX 2 ASSOCIATED WITH INFLAMMATIONINFLAMMATION

VIOXX, CELEBREX, BEXTRAVIOXX, CELEBREX, BEXTRA PREFERENTIAL VS SPECIFICPREFERENTIAL VS SPECIFIC

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DRUG EFFECTS

VASOCONSTRICTORS -REVERSE VASOCONSTRICTORS -REVERSE VASODILATIONVASODILATION

THEOPHYLLINE- INCREASE CAMPTHEOPHYLLINE- INCREASE CAMP

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FOOD ALLERGYFOOD ALLERGY

VARIABLE EFFECT DUE TO VARIABLE EFFECT DUE TO ABSORBTIONABSORBTION

USUALLY LOCAL GI EFFECTUSUALLY LOCAL GI EFFECT CAN BE IDIOSYNCRATICCAN BE IDIOSYNCRATIC

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ALLERGIC SKIN REACTIONSALLERGIC SKIN REACTIONS

ERYTHEMA-REDNESSERYTHEMA-REDNESS FLARE-DIFFUSE REDNESS AROUND FLARE-DIFFUSE REDNESS AROUND

WHEALWHEAL WHEAL-LOCALIZED WHEAL-LOCALIZED

EDEMA,TYPICAL LIDEDEMA,TYPICAL LID ANGIOEDEMAANGIOEDEMA

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DRUG ALLERGYDRUG ALLERGY

TOXICITYTOXICITY INTOLERANCEINTOLERANCE IDIOSYNCRATICIDIOSYNCRATIC ALLERGICALLERGIC

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IDIOSYNCRATIC REACTIONSIDIOSYNCRATIC REACTIONS

DIRECT MEDIATOR RELEASEDIRECT MEDIATOR RELEASE DIRECT ACTIVATION OF BIOLOGIC DIRECT ACTIVATION OF BIOLOGIC

SYSTEMSYSTEM ENZYME DEFECTENZYME DEFECT UNDERLYING DISEASEUNDERLYING DISEASE SIMILAR TO ANAPHYLAXIS?SIMILAR TO ANAPHYLAXIS?

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Anaphylaxis

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TREATMENT OF ALLERGYTREATMENT OF ALLERGY

AVOIDANCEAVOIDANCE THERAPEUTIC AGENTSTHERAPEUTIC AGENTS

CHRONICCHRONIC ACUTEACUTE

IMMUNOTHERAPYIMMUNOTHERAPY

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Effects of Immune Therapy


Identification of Shadowed Areas to Improve Ragweed Leaf ...

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Identification, Impacts, and Control of Ragweed Parthenium

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Weather related ragweed pollen levels and prediction of ...doktori.bibl.u-szeged.hu/9704/1/Csépe_Zoltán_PhD_DISSERTATION.pdf · country (Ågren, 2010; Barrett et al., 2008). Furthermore,

Weather related ragweed pollen levels and prediction of ...doktori.bibl.u-szeged.hu/9704/1/Csépe_Zoltán_PhD_DISSERTATION.pdf · country (Ågren, 2010; Barrett et al., 2008). Furthermore,

Management of Herbicide-Resistant Giant Ragweed€¦ · Management of Herbicide-Resistant Giant Ragweed Technical editing for this publication was led by Vince Davis, Ph.D., University

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Ragweed (Ambrosia) progression and its health risks: will Switzerland resist this invasion?

Ragweed (Ambrosia) progression and its health risks: will Switzerland resist this invasion?

Osnovna škola Bartola Kašića Vinkovci Erasmus + projekt Young citizens of Europe – our future September 2015 COMMON RAGWEED ERADICATION.

Osnovna škola Bartola Kašića Vinkovci Erasmus + projekt Young citizens of Europe – our future September 2015 COMMON RAGWEED ERADICATION.

Chapter 1 MR. ocax One night to mice named Poppy and ragweed which have a earring. they where there date together. they where looking for nuts but ragweed.

Chapter 1 MR. ocax One night to mice named Poppy and ragweed which have a earring. they where there date together. they where looking for nuts but ragweed.

PollenPlant material generally from the outdoors SporesMold and other fungi, both indoors & outdoors DustAnimal dander, excrement Insect parts, excrement.

PollenPlant material generally from the outdoors SporesMold and other fungi, both indoors & outdoors DustAnimal dander, excrement Insect parts, excrement.

EVALUATION OF RAGWEED FORECASTING IN TULSA

EVALUATION OF RAGWEED FORECASTING IN TULSA

BY Emily. Ragweed 4 months old Deer mouse Golden Mouse Clever.

BY Emily. Ragweed 4 months old Deer mouse Golden Mouse Clever.

Ragweed eradication

Ragweed eradication

Biology and Management of Giant Ragweed · giant ragweed problems because buried seed may escape predation. Additionally, because of giant ragweed’s large seed, it is not uncommon

Biology and Management of Giant Ragweed · giant ragweed problems because buried seed may escape predation. Additionally, because of giant ragweed’s large seed, it is not uncommon

Management of Herbcidei R-esistant Giant RagweedHerbicide Resistance in Giant Ragweed • Giant ragweed resistance first occurred to Group 2 herbicides (ALS-inhibitors) in Indiana,

Management of Herbcidei R-esistant Giant RagweedHerbicide Resistance in Giant Ragweed • Giant ragweed resistance first occurred to Group 2 herbicides (ALS-inhibitors) in Indiana,

Repeated-dose toxicity of common ragweed on rats · cumanin BW5147 [52] trypanocidal [53] antileishmanial [53] anti-inflammatory [54] ... Repeated-dose toxicity of common ragweed

Repeated-dose toxicity of common ragweed on rats · cumanin BW5147 [52] trypanocidal [53] antileishmanial [53] anti-inflammatory [54] ... Repeated-dose toxicity of common ragweed

Are You Allergic To Ragweed?

Are You Allergic To Ragweed?

ASD Patient Questionnaire - Core Naturopathics · Soaps? Animals (dander)? Detergents? Gasoline? ... ASD Patient Questionnaire Core Naturopathics 16 Core Naturopathics Head Office.

ASD Patient Questionnaire - Core Naturopathics · Soaps? Animals (dander)? Detergents? Gasoline? ... ASD Patient Questionnaire Core Naturopathics 16 Core Naturopathics Head Office.

Ocular Allergy - Confex · Ocular Allergy Paige Wickner, ... Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis Atopic ... –Animal dander sensitivities s/p IT in high school

Ocular Allergy - Confex · Ocular Allergy Paige Wickner, ... Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis Atopic ... –Animal dander sensitivities s/p IT in high school

The International Ragweed Society, which...Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter The issues of ragweed Observatory letter can be consulted here. Accidentally introduced in Europe in 2013 in

The International Ragweed Society, which...Facebook, LinkedIn, Twitter The issues of ragweed Observatory letter can be consulted here. Accidentally introduced in Europe in 2013 in

Determination of the optimal timing and number of ridgings to control ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) in organically produced soyabean Maryse Leblanc.

Determination of the optimal timing and number of ridgings to control ragweed (Ambrosia artemisiifolia) in organically produced soyabean Maryse Leblanc.

Muzzle Blast Dander

Muzzle Blast Dander