ALLERGIC REACTIONS Localized Anaphylaxis. ATOPIC DISEASES Localized anaphylaxis (common allergy)...
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Transcript of ALLERGIC REACTIONS Localized Anaphylaxis. ATOPIC DISEASES Localized anaphylaxis (common allergy)...
![Page 1: ALLERGIC REACTIONS Localized Anaphylaxis. ATOPIC DISEASES Localized anaphylaxis (common allergy) ~20% of US population Limited production of IgE and sensitization.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062308/56649db35503460f94aa2a99/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
ALLERGIC REACTIONSLocalized Anaphylaxis
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ATOPIC DISEASES
• Localized anaphylaxis (common allergy)
• ~20% of US population
• Limited production of IgE and sensitization of mast cells in localized areas
• Ex: Allergic rhinitis
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LATE-PHASE ANAPHYLAXIS
• Takes several hours for inflammation to show
• Mast cells release chemotactic factors• Eosinophils• Neutrophils• Helper T Cells
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ASTHMA
• Triggers
• 2 parts• Early response – mast cells
in lower respiratory tract• Late response –
eosinophils and neutrophils
• Treatments
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FOOD ALLERGIES
• GI tract reaction
• Hives = wheal and flare
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ECZEMA
• Atopic dermatitis
• IgE levels elevated
• Rash and itching
• Increased eosinophils and helper T cells
• Allergen unknown
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WHY HYPERSENSITIVITY?
• B cells that produce IgA vs. B cells that produce IgE
• Atopic individuals have lower levels of IgA
• Suppressor T lymphocytes stop production of IgE – defective in atopic individuals
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ALLERGIES POSITIVE?
• Sneezing
• GI contractions
• Resistance to pathogens
• Hygiene hypothesis
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TREATMENT OF ALLERGIES
• Desensitization types• Tiny but increasing doses of allergens• Series of injections of allergens over weeks -- blocking antibodies• Monoclonal antibodies – anti-IgE antibodies