Allegheny County Health DepartmentAllegheny County Health Department

Roger Westman, Ph.D

Manager, Air Quality Program 2006

FederalFederalEnvironmental Protection Environmental Protection

AgencyAgency

• National Ambient Air Quality Standards

• New Source Performance Standards

• National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (Toxics)

• Oversight of State & Local Programs

• Grants

State and Local ProgramsState and Local Programs• Measure Air Quality• Regulate Pollution Sources• Plan Transportation Controls• Develop an Overall Plan• Track Emissions

PENNSYLVANIA LOCAL AIR PROGRAMS

Philadelphia Air Management Services

Allegheny County Health Department

Air Quality Program

Monitor Air Quality

Air Quality Program

Monitor Air Quality

Track Emissions of Pollutants

Elrama Power Plant

West Elizabeth Industrial Area

US Steel Clairton Works

US Steel Irvin Works

Central BusinessDistrict

PittsburghInternational

Airport

Neville Island Industrial Area

Springdale Power Plants

US SteelEdgar Thomson

Allegheny Ludlum

Brunot IslandPower Plant

Monitoring Site

Wind

Allegheny County – Sources of Interest & Monitoring Sites

Air Quality Program

Monitor Air Quality

Track Emissions of Pollutants

Permit sources

Air Quality Program

Monitor Air Quality

Track Emissions of Pollutants

Permit sources

Enforce Air Regulations

Air Quality Program

Monitor Air Quality

Track Emissions of Pollutants

Permit sources

Enforce Air Regulations

Develop strategies and regulations to meet standards

Reasons for Regulations

• State Implementation Plans• Federal Source Operating Permit Requirements• Installation Permits• Special Federal Control Programs• Toxic Air Pollutant Programs • Pennsylvania State Air Regulations• Local Needs

Sulfur DioxideSulfur DioxideSOSO22

Lead--PbLead--Pb

Ozone—OOzone—O33

Nitrogen Oxides-NONitrogen Oxides-NOxxOrganic CompoundsOrganic Compounds

Particulate MatterParticulate Matter PM-2.5PM-2.5

T o x i c sT o x i c s

SulfatesSulfatesNitratesNitrates

Organic CompoundsOrganic CompoundsAmmoniaAmmonia

National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)

Pollutant Long-Term Standard

Short-Term Standard

PM2.5 15 µg/m³ 65 µg/m³

PM10 50 µg/m³ 150 µg/m³

Ozone n/a 0.08 ppm

SO2 0.03 ppm 0.14 ppm

CO n/a 9 ppm

NO2 0.05 ppm n/a

Pb 1.5 µg/m³ n/a

Criteria Criteria PollutantPollutant

State Implementation Plan (SIP)

Toxic Toxic PollutantPollutant

Source-specific plans

Successes:Successes:

Now meeting all the 1970’s and 1980’sNow meeting all the 1970’s and 1980’s

Air Quality StandardsAir Quality Standards

Challenges:Challenges:

Ozone – 8 hour standardOzone – 8 hour standard

PM-2.5PM-2.5

March 2005 Ozone and Fine Particle Nonattainment Areas

Nonattainment areas for both 8-hour ozoneand fine particle pollution

Nonattainment areas for fine particle pollution only

Nonattainment areas for 8-hour ozone pollution only

Source: EPA

Note: Southern California is the only area in the Western U.S. with red areas (both 8-hour ozone

and PM2.5)

Current ACHD Pollution Control Initiatives

Wood Stove

Trade-OutBus

Retrofit

Diesel

Idling

Ozone Nonattainment Areas - Mid-Atlantic

BUTLER

LAWRENCE

BEAVER

ALLEGHENY

ARMSTRONG

FAYETTE

GREENE

WASHINGTON

WESTMORELAND

Pittsburgh – Beaver Valley Area

SW Pennsylvania Ozone Nonattainment Designations

PM2.5 Nonattainment Areas - Pennsylvania

Liberty/Clairton PM2.5 Area

Includes:

City of Clairton

Glassport Borough

Liberty Borough

Lincoln Borough

Port Vue Borough

Liberty/Clairton Area

PM2.5 Trends, Annual Averages

PM2.5 Trends, 98-percentile 24-Hour Values

PM2.5 - Average Major Chemical Species

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Nitrate Sulfate Ammonium Organic Carbon ElementalCarbon

CrustalComponent

Other Species

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

µg

/m³) Lawrenceville

Liberty

Timeframe: Oct. 2003 – Jan. 2005

Lawrenceville PM2.5 - Major Species by Time

Timeframe: Oct. 2003 – Jan. 2005

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

10/6

/200

3

11/6

/200

3

12/6

/200

3

1/6/

2004

2/6/

2004

3/6/

2004

4/6/

2004

5/6/

2004

6/6/

2004

7/6/

2004

8/6/

2004

9/6/

2004

10/6

/200

4

11/6

/200

4

12/6

/200

4

1/6/

2005

Date

Co

nce

ntr

atio

n (

µg/m

³)

Nitrate

Sulfate

Ammonium

Organic carbon

Elemental carbon

Crustal component

Other

Timeframe: Oct. 2003 – Jan. 2005

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

10/6

/200

3

11/6

/200

3

12/6

/200

3

1/6/

2004

2/6/

2004

3/6/

2004

4/6/

2004

5/6/

2004

6/6/

2004

7/6/

2004

8/6/

2004

9/6/

2004

10/6

/200

4

11/6

/200

4

12/6

/200

4

1/6/

2005

Date

Co

nce

ntr

atio

n (

µg/m

³)

Nitrate

Sulfate

Ammonium

Organic carbon

Elemental carbon

Crustal component

Other

Liberty PM2.5 - Major Species by Time

Lawrenceville & Liberty Hourly Peaks, High Day

Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) Modeling Results

Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) Modeling Results

Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) Modeling Results

Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) Modeling Results

PM2.5 - Average Major Chemical Species

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

Nitrate Sulfate Ammonium Organic Carbon ElementalCarbon

CrustalComponent

Other Species

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

µg

/m³) Lawrenceville

Liberty

Timeframe: Oct. 2003 – Jan. 2005

Pittsburgh Pittsburgh of of

Yesterday…Yesterday…

Pittsburgh TodayPittsburgh Today

Successes, but with ChallengesSuccesses, but with Challenges