All Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images were taken using … of life... · 2020-04-22 ·...
Transcript of All Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images were taken using … of life... · 2020-04-22 ·...
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All Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images were taken using the Instrumentation Center’s SEM at the University of Toledo.
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Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
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Viewing Images
• Our eyes use light to view objects
• SEM uses electrons instead of light
• Limitations of light
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Electron Source
Light Source
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Light Microscope vs. SEM Samples
Light Microscope
• Very thin
• Glass slides
• View organelles, internal structures
Scanning Electron Microscope
• Must be small
• Aluminum stubs
• View morphology, surface
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Kingdoms of Life
• Six Kingdoms:
• Bacteria
• Archaea
• Animalia
• Fungi
• Plantae
• Protista/Chromista
By Maulucioni y Doridí - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=25888693
Single-celled organisms lacking organelles and nuclei
Organisms whose cells contain a membrane-bound nucleus
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Eukaryota
Single or Multi-celled Organisms, Cell Nucleus, Membrane-bound Organelles
• Plantae
• Characteristics:
• Multicellular
• Photosynthesis
• Chlorophyll
• Do not move
• Examples: flowers, burrs, trees
• Protista/Chromista
• Characteristics:
• Mostly single celled
• Usually aquatic
• Possible movement through cilia or flagella
• Photosynthesis in some species
• Examples: algae, giant kelp, amoeba
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Flowering Plants• Female reproductive organs
(Carpel)
• Pollen is introduced to stigma
• Travels through style
• Reaches ovary
• Male reproductive organs (Stamen)
• Pollen produced in anthers
• Filaments support anthers
http://www.garfieldconservatory.org/staging/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/R_SCHOOLS18_Pollination_LessonPlan.pdf
Plant Reproduction
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Morphology of Pollen
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Zoophilous• Carried by insects or animals
• Large, colorful, strongly scented flowers
• Course pollen
• Pollenkit*
• 80% of all plants
*Pollenkit is an oily, sticky substance found on some types of pollen that helps it stick to insects and animals
Various pollens and mold on a Yellow Jacket eye
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Lillies
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Princess Spirea
Viburnum Snowflake
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Purple Salvia
Spiderwort
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Hibiscus
Rose of Sharon
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Pink Cranesbill Geranium
Weigela
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Yarrow
Chicory
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Anemophilous
• Wind carries pollen – pollination by chance
• Trees, grasses
• Smooth pollen
• No pollenkit
• Causes Hay Fever
Pine tree pollen
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Pine Tree
Cherry Tree
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Beggar’s Lice
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https://www.homestratosphere.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Red-Columbine.webp
Columbine Flower
What type of locomotion does this pollen use?ZoophilousIs there likely pollenkit on this pollen?YesIs this pollen likely to cause hay fever?No, it probably has pollenkit and is carried by insects or animals
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Is this pollen zoophilous or anemophilous?
Zoophilous, it has a course texture
What kind of morphology does this pollen have?
Striate
Is this from a flower or grass?
Flower because the pollen is course and probably has pollenkit.
Hydrangea