All learning begins with the learner. John Dewey Information Literacy/Technology Education...

All learning begins All learning begins with the learner.with the learner.

John Dewey

Information Literacy/Technology Education Integration Plan ToolkitSC Department of Education 2003

Information Literacy/Technology Education Integration Plan Toolkit

SC Department of Education 2003

What we ask students to do… Write a report on “frogs.” Who was Franklin Roosevelt?

– Born? Died?– Presidential Years– One important fact

Write a brief report on the Vietnam War.– When began? Ended?– Who was President?– What countries were involved?



What we ask students to do… Write a report on the Amazon Rain Forest.

– Size?– Inhabitants? (animals, humans)– Write a description– One important fact

Read a book and write a report on your book: – Who were the main characters– Describe what happened– Could you recommend this book to a friend?



What are the results? Little transfer of learning

– Activity to activity– Subject to subject

“Doing school”

BORINBORING!G!

Students are not engagedTeachers are not engaged



What can we do to change the way we “do school”?

Involve teachers Involve students Cooperative learning Interdisciplinary units/lessons Move up Bloom’s Taxonomy

Information LiteracyInformation Literacy – engages

students and teachers; matches the

curriculum, the standards, technology, and makes learning

relevant! (http://www.fno.org/sum00/winning.html)



Inquiry-Based Learning



Five Hallmarks of

Inquiry-based

Learning



1. Inquiry-based LearningInquiry-based Learning asks questions that come from the higher levels of Bloom’s Taxonomy.



2. Inquiry-based LearningInquiry-based Learning involves questions that are interesting and motivating to students.



3. Inquiry-based LearningInquiry-based Learning utilizes a wide variety of resources so students can gather information and form opinions.



4. Teachers play a new role as guide or facilitator.



5. Meaningful products come out of inquiry-based learning.



What does it mean to students?

“When you do stuff that is real.” “It is like projects and things that

take a long time.” “When kids work in groups or with

partners and make big things.” “It’s fun!” “I think about things.”



Inquiry-based learning implies involvement that leads to understanding

"Tell me and I forget, show me and I remember, involve me and I understand."



What are the benefits of inquiry-

based learning?

Students often have difficulty understanding how various activities within a particular subject relate to each other. Much more confusion results when the learner tries to interrelate the various subjects taught at school.



USE a spiral path of inquiry

http://inquiry.uiuc.edu/ (The Inquiry Page)

Asking questions

Investigating Solutions

Creating new knowledgeDiscussing discoveries and experiences

Reflecting on new-found knowledge



Asking questions, investigating solutions, creating reflecting on our new-found knowledge

What needs to be done? What can I use to find what I need? Where can I find what I need? What information can I use? How can I put my information

together? How will I know if I did my job well?

The Big6 !



How Does Inquiry-based Learning Sound?

Close the door! Students with students Teacher as guide



What Does Inquiry-based Learning Look Like?

http:www/uis.edu/`trammell/cap.htm



How Does it Feel?

http://www.wrldcon.com/maestro/smiling-student.gif

http://museum.gov.ns.ca/roadshow/day7/image/05steamr.jpg

http://www.gatewayconsortium.org/library2.jpg



Think about how good it feels to accomplish something that was a challenge.

http://www.arndell.nsw.edu.au/00comp3.jpg

http://www.zcs.k12.in.us/images/mainpage3/reading.JPG

http://www.chester.ac.uk/~gpollard/handstand.jpg



Elements of Inquiry-based Learning

Cooperative LearningTeamworkExcitementPresentingMovement



Problem-based learning

Placing students in the active role of problem-solvers confronted with an ill-structured problem which mirrors real-world problems.



Active Learning - Students

Ends the listen-to-learn paradigm of the classroom

Gives students real and authentic challenges to overcome.

http://www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/Cyberia/DVE/FusionDVE/html/inquiry_based_education.html



Active Learning - Teachers

Ends teachers’ paradigm of talking to teach

Puts teachers in the role of a colleague and mentor

Engaged teachers in the same knowledge quest as their students.

http://www.ncsa.uiuc.edu/Cyberia/DVE/FusionDVE/html/inquiry_based_education.html



Teacher as Guide

What does facilitating really mean?



Five Kind of Questions

1. Inference Questions

2. Interpretation Questions

3. Transfer Questions

4. Questions about Hypotheses

5. Reflective Questions

The Art of Questioning by Denise Wolf

Research project for the Rockefeller Foundation.



Inference Questions… Ask students to go

beyond the immediately available information.

Ask students to look for clues, examine them and decide if they have a role in the question.



Examples …

“What conclusions can you draw by looking at this photograph?”

“How did the author feel about the character in the story?”



Interpretation Questions… Ask students to predict what

consequences may occur as a result of a given scenario.

Ask students to combine past knowledge of situations and new factual information.



Examples… “You found that Sports Illustrated

actually had more tobacco ads than any other magazine we looked at. What does that say about Sports Illustrated?”

“We read and loved two books by AVI. What patterns did you see that you think might be present in the third book?”



Transfer Questions…

Ask students to take their knowledge and apply it to new situations.

Ask students to expand their thinking.



Examples… “We found many patterns in math today.

Now let’s look at our Language Arts lesson on adverbs. Let’s see what patterns you find there?”

“We learned how to make Inspiration webs from paragraphs in our textbook. Now let’s try going the other way and making a web and then writing a paragraph from it.”



Questions about Hypotheses

Ask students to predict outcomes and carry out tests to discover new knowledge.

Use in all disciplines, not just science.



Example…

“How can we find out if Energizer batteries really last the longest?”



Reflective Questions…

Ask students to look again at the beliefs they have and the evidence that supports them.

Lead students back into investigation.



Examples…

“How do I really know that there are no aliens out there?”

“How do I know that the show on TV was telling the truth?”



Where do You Begin? Examine the lessons Listen to the questions you ask. Start with small projects – don’t get

overwhelmed Remember, children who are not used to

thinking may not know how to approach problems.

Be the guide. Don’t supply the answers



Implementing Collaborating - working together Conversing - developing ideas and making

connections Continuing - knowing that learning is a process Choosing - sense of control over the learning

process by making choices on what to pursue, choose, leave out

Charting - depicts ideas for visualizations Composing - formulating thoughts as a tool for

thinking



Caution…

Avoid activities that don’t promote deep processing

Avoid too much structure, too little guidance, too few strategies

Distinction between project centered approach and inquiry-based approach lies in underlying motivation and objective



Inquiry is an important part of

•multiple-intelligence work -- and

•cooperative and collaborative learning is inherently inquiry-based.

•a key tool for learning in constructivism

•Standards can be met

•incorporated early in planning

•guiding students toward questions that will help them learn the required material



Lesson Plans

Inquiry-based lesson plans are usually referred to as "facilitation plans," to help teachers remember their role as facilitator of learning, rather than fount of all wisdom. The notion also helps teachers structure lessons more loosely to allow student questions to drive the learning process without derailing it.



What is your perception of learning?

What do you emphasize?What do you reward?What do you expect?



How is inquiry teaching/learning defined? How do we overcome barriers to make inquiry teaching inclusive to all learners? How does information technology contribute to inquiry teaching and learning?

Focus Questions



Focus Questions

What meaningful learning experiences do you recall as a result of student media center experiences?

How do you know that a learning experience resulted in new learning?



What do we want to see happen?What do we want to see happen?

Increased student achievement School to work connection Lifelong learning skills and a desire to

learn Productive citizens

All learning begins with the learner. John Dewey Information Literacy/Technology Education...

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