All About Jose Rizal

7/25/2019 All About Jose Rizal

1/8

JoseRizal Biography

Jose Riza l was a wr iter and revo lutionary regarded as the

greatest nat iona l hero of the Philippines. This biography of Jose

Riza l provides deta iled informat ion about his childhood, life,

achievements, works timeline.

Quick Facts

Also Known

AsJose Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda

Nationality Filipino

Religion Roman Catholicism

Born on 19 Jne 1!"1 A#

$odiac %ign &emini

Born in Calam'a( )agna

#ied on *+ #ecem'er 1!9" A#

Place o,

deathBagm'ayan( Manila-

Father Francisco .ngracio Rizal Mercado de Ale/andro

Mother 0eodora Morales Alonzo Realonda de intos

%i'lings

Paciano Rizal( %atrina( Narcisa( )cia( Maria(

Jos2 Protasio( Concepci3n( Jose,a( 0rinidad(

%oledad(

%pose4 Josephine Brac5en

Children Franc6sco Rizal y Brac5en


2/8

Quick Facts

.dcation

7ni8ers ity o, %anto 0omas Faclty o, Medicine

and %rgery( Ateneo de Manila 7ni8ersity(

7ni8ersity o, Paris( Compltense 7ni8ersity o,

Madrid( Rprecht Karl 7ni8ersity o, eidel'erg(

7ni8ers ity o, %anto 0omas

Fonder:Co;

Fonder)a )iga Filipina

Awards

; FAMA% Awards ,or Best %tory category ,or

&erardo de )e3n


3/8

authorities who frowned


4/8

upon him. ' well traveled man, he became involved in the

Propaganda (ovement where he $o ined other )ilipinos

who wanted reforms. !e a lso wrote about the dark

aspec ts of #panish rule in a book which was banned in

Philippines. &ven though he was a supporter of peaceful

reforms, he was e*iled from his home country, and later on

convictedof sedit ionand sentenced to death. The e*ecution

of this young nationa list fuelled the )ilipinos+ desire for

independencefurther.

Childhood & Early Life

e was 'orn as Jose Protacio Rizal Mercado y Alonso

Realonda( one o, the 11 children o, Francisco .ngracio

Rizal Mercado y Ale/andro and 0eodora Morales Alonso y

intos> e later adopted a shorter 8ersion o, his name(

Jose Rizal> is ,amily was 8ery prosperos>

e enrolled at Ateneo de Mnicipal de Manila and

gradated with a degree in )and %r8eying and

Assessment in 1!??> e had a deep interest in arts and

ths he went to the Faclty o, Arts and )etters ,or a

degree in Philosophy at the 7ni8ersity o, %anto 0omas>

is mother was 'ecoming 'lind dring this time and the

yong man decided to specialize in ophthalmology in order

to help her> e enrolled at the Faclty o, Medical

%ciences at 7ni8ersity o, %anto 0omas in 1!?! ,or this

prpose>

e went to %pain to contine his stdies and enrolled atthe 7ni8ersidad Central de Madrid ,rom where he earned

his degree in medicine in 1!!@> e completed another

degree in Philosophy and )etters ,rom the same institte

the net year>

e had an insatia'le thirst ,or 5nowledge and went to

France to ,rther his 5nowledge o, ophthalmology at the

7ni8ersity o, eidel'erg> e completed his eye

specialization in 1!!? nder the ttelage o, the ,amos

pro,essor tto Bec5er>


5/8

Later Life


6/8

n 1!!?( while stdying medicine in the 7ni8ersidad

Central de Madrid( he wrote the no8el DNoli Me 0angereE>

e harshly criticized the %panish colonial rle in

Philippines and wrote o, the in/stices and 'rtalities

s,,ered 'y the nati8e people> is no8el was 'anned 'y

the go8ernment de to its scathing contents>

e had 'een eposed to the pro'lematic li,e nder the

%panish go8ernment and was aware o, the di,,iclties

eperienced 'y the Filipinos> e 'ecame the leader o, the

re,orm mo8ement o, Filipino stdents in %pain and wrote

se8eral articles and essays in the %panish newspaper D)a

%olidaridadE>

e 'elie8ed that Philippines was strggling with the twinpro'lems o, corrpt ,riars and 'ad go8ernment> deas o,

progressi8e ideals( peace,l re,orms( indi8idal rights and

rights ,or the Filipino people ,ormed the ,ondation o, his

writings>

0he main ,ocs o, the re,orms he ad8ocated were ,reedom

o, assem'ly and speech( representation in the legislatre(

eal rights 'e,ore the law ,or 'oth Filipinos and %panish(

and that the Philippines 'e a pro8ince o, %pain> owe8er(

the colonial athorities did not ,a8or these re,orms>

n 1!91( his second no8el D.l Fili'sterismoE was

p'lished as a seel to his ,irst no8el> 0he no8el dealt

with dar5 and 8iolent themes that were considera'ly

di,,erent ,rom the theme o, its predecessor> 0he no8el

pro,ondly impacted the Philippine societyEs 8iews a'ot

national identity and was 'anned in some parts o, the

contry ,or its portrayal o, the %panish go8ernmentEs

corrption>

e retrned to Philippines in 1!9G as he ,elt he needed to

'e in the contry to e,,ecti8ely 'ring a'ot re,orms> e

,ormed a ci8ic mo8ement called )a )iga Filipina whichcampaigned ,or social re,orms throgh peace,l and legal

means>

By the early 1!9+s the go8ernment had 'randed Rizal an


7/8

enemy o, the %tate in spite o, the ,act that he ad8ocated

peace,l re,ormsH the athorities were angry with his

no8els and writings which had eposed the corrption o,

the %panish Colonial go8ernment> e was eiled to

#apitan in Jly 1!9G>

n #apitan he contined his re,orm wor5 'y 'ilding a

school ,or yong 'oys( a hospital and a water spply

system> e also taght ,arming and wor5ed on agricltral

pro/ects sing a'aca( a plant sed ,or ma5ing rope>

n 1!9I( C'a was engl,ed 'y an epidemic o, yellow

,e8er and Rizal 8olnteered to ser8e as an army doctor>

is reest was accepted 'y the &o8ernor;&eneral

Ramon Blanco>By Agst 1!9"( a secret society Katipnan started a

8iolent re8oltion> .8en thogh Rizal was in no way

associated with the re8oltion( he was arrested enrote to

C'a>

e was sent 'ac5 to Manila where he was tried ,or

re'ellion( sedition and conspiracy and con8icted o, all

these charges>

Major Works

Jose Rizal was a national hero o, the Philippines who

eposed the corrptions and wrongdoings o, the %panish

colonial go8ernment throgh his writings> e was an

ad8ocate o, peace,l re,orms and ,onded the progressi8e

organization D)a )iga FilipinaE which was considered athreat 'y the %panish athorities and ltimately led to his

arrest>

Personal Life & Le gacy

e had 'een in8ol8ed with nmeros women inclding

&ertrde Bec5ett( Nelly Bostead( %ei5o 7si and )eonor

Ri8era>

e had a ci8il marriage with an rish woman ,rom ong

Kong named Josephine Brac5en> 0 he cople had one son(

'orn prematrely( who died soon a,ter 'irth>


8/8

e was a polymath with the eceptional a'ility to master

se8eral s'/ects and s5ills> e was a doctor( writer( poet(

artist( ,armer( edcator( and historian> e also had

considera'le 5nowledge in the ,ields o, economics(

anthropology( dramatics and sociology> e cold spea5 GG

langages>

e was arrested in cto'er 1!9" and con8icted on

charges o, sedition( conspiracy and re'ellion> e was

sentenced to death> is eection was carried ot on

#ecem'er *+( 1!9" 'y a sad o, Filipino soldiers o, the

%panish Army>

Trivia

Nearly e8ery town and city in Philippines has a street

named a,ter this great national hero>

All About Jose Rizal

Documents

Transcript of All About Jose Rizal