Aligning stakeholders' perspectives in Open Government Data Community

Copyright 2011 Digital Enterprise Research Institute. All rights reserved.

Digital Enterprise Research Institute www.deri.ie

Enabling Networked Knowledge

Aligning Core Stakeholders’ Perspectives and Issues in the OGD Community:

Background & OGD Strategies

Adegboyega Ojo & Marijn Janssen [email protected], [email protected]



Outline

1. Background

2. State of Play

3. Stakeholders

4. Strategies

5. Issues



Public Interest in OGD

Public interest in Open Data continues to rise.



Where is the interest from?

OD “Hotspots”: US, 2004 – 2009

India, 2007 & 2010Kenya, July 2011



Search Terms Used

Searches on Linked Data, Open Data Centres, Open Government Data are increasing rapidly



Research Interest



Value Propositions

o Better informed citizenry and more transparent government

o Enhancing accountability by providing information on government spending and performance on programs

o Strengthening communities by publishing information on different aspects of the community including demographics, criminal activities, property values, etc.

o Increasing direct and indirect revenue for goverment



Some Facts & Figures

Capgemini Consulting Report on the Open Data Economy, 2011:

o By October 2011, 28 nations around the world already had established Open Data portals [Capgemini 2012].

o Estimated direct impact of Open Data on the EU27 economy by 2013 is about €40 billion

o Infomediary sector in Spain as at 2011 generated between €330 – €500 million annually



Outline

1. Background

2. State of Play

3. Stakeholders

4. Strategies

5. Issues



Unveiling the OD Landscape

Sources of information:

1) Updated Socrata 2010 Open Government Data Study 2) Capgemini Consulting3) Analysis of OD research in Scopus database (criteria =

Open Data, Open Government data, Linked Data in title)



OD Practice - Benchmark

Benchmark parameters for Capgemini Consulting 2012



Practice - Benchmark Result

All so-called Trend Setters have strong political support



Citizen Data of High Value

1) Public Safety (crime data, food inspection)2) Financial (e.g. Gov. expenditures) 3) Accountability (e.g. campaign finance) 4) Education (e.g. school tests)5) Gov. Services (where, when, how services can be

accessed)6) Legislative (e.g. voting records)7) Utilities (water, gas, electrical consumption/prices)8) Environmental (e.g. air/water quality) 9) Property (property taxes, zoning maps) 10) Public Works (road work, infrastructure)11) Regulatory (e.g. disclosure for regulated industries)12) Census (Population, Economy)13) Transportation (e.g. parking, transit, traffic) 14) Gov. Org Performance (e.g. mission metrics)15) Corporate (e.g. corp tax returns)

From 2011 Socrata’s Study of Open Data Initiatives



OD Research Landscape

Linked datum(325) Semantic Web(208) Semantics(163) Data handling(159) Linked data(152) Data sets(109) Linked Data(93) World Wide Web(88) User interfaces(79) Semantic web(74) Metadata(69) Ontology(65) Human(50) Data structures(44) Humans(42) Open data(39) Information management(35) Data source(34)



Disciplinary Contribution



Sources of OD Research



Outline

1. Background

2. State of Play

3. Stakeholders

4. Strategies

5. Issues



Major Stakeholders

o National Governmentso Municipal and City Governmentso Government Ministries and Agencieso Citizenso International Development Organizationso Global Consulting Organizationso Open Development Foundationo World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)o Open Government Partnershipo Academia



National Government

o Development of the Open Data Policyo Development of National Open Data Initiative o Provision of the required instrument o Conforming to International and regional directives on Open

Data, e.g. European PSI Directiveo Development of the National Open Data Portal

Infrastructureo Supporting ministries and lower levels of government in

conforming to OD policyo Funding of OD initiative in the regime of free and marginal

cost pricing



Municipal/City Government

o Conforming to National Open Data policyo Development of City Open Data Strategyo Publishing datasets on both City and National Open Data

portalso Ensuring funding and sustainability of OD initiativeo Supporting units and departments in publishing their data



International Organization

o Open data for Open and Inclusive Developmento Strategy for open data on development and external aid

resourceso Coordination with OD related international initiativeso Strategy for data quality and access

[WB ODI initiative]



Consulting Firms

o Economic value of open datao Business models of open datao Measuring Open Datao Open Data based business innovationo Supporting government organizations



Citizens!

o Access to open datao Access data deemed of high valueo Use of open data to address personal problemso Contributing to the open data community and

ecosystem



Academia

o Privacy and Security of Open Datao Tools for advanced analytics and visualization of

Open Data and Linked Open datao Developing curriculum and training programs for

next generation data scientists



Outline

1. Background

2. State of Play

3. Stakeholders

4. Strategies

5. Issues



Strategies for OD Initiatives

o Reviewed the following OD Policy and Strategy cases:o European Uniono National United Kingdomo Ministries and Department o Republic of Irelando Government of Queenslando City of Berlino Capgemini Consultingo Deloitte



Context

Examples of contexts for OD initiatives include:

o Strategy for smart sustainable growtho High levels of employment, a low carbon economyo Vehicle to implement the PSI directiveo Opening up public data resources for re-useo Creation of Digital Single Marketo National Open Government programo E-Government Program



Instruments

Instruments employed by governments include:

o Development of Open Data policyo Issuance of Open Data Directive o Use of an umbrella directive such as the of PSIo Active Stakeholder engagement, e.g. the critical app

developer community



Actions - 1

Capgemini’s Focus Areas for OD Initiatives



Action - 2

identify data which should be published be each top level budget areasagree on transparency plans with those responsibleidentify additional sources of underlying data which should be on national portalwork with units to change the way data is publishedencourage units to seek feedback from customers

Agency roadmapdata quality and securitypersonal privacy and patient confidentialityPublic interest disclosures Licensing

Example Actions in Strategies



Governance

o Agency or Ministry CIO is in charge of transparencyo Appointment of a focal point for Open Data initiativeo Member State (in regional entities) or State level

supervisiono DG in agencies retains and appropriately delegate

custodianship of data collections to the following:o information management steering committee to approve data

collection for their initial releaseo data custodians to endorse approved dataset for release as

open data in o compliance with departmental release conditions and approve

subsequent release



Outline

1. Background

2. State of Play

3. Stakeholders

4. Strategies

5. Issues



Challenges

Major obstacles faced by Open Data proponents:

o political will or leadershipo followed by lack of funding o privacy and security concerns

Aligning stakeholders' perspectives in Open Government Data Community

Technology

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