Algae Investigation
description
Transcript of Algae Investigation
![Page 1: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Algae Investigation
Olivia BuvalaWildlands
Semester Evaluation
![Page 2: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Contents
MissionAbout AlgaePeriphytonAlgae as Indicators
![Page 3: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Project Mission Informative
Algae
Basic Knowledge
My Experiments
Pollution Indicators
![Page 4: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Algae
Benefits: Base of the aquatic food chain Useful indicators of pollution Help remove excess nutrients Produce oxygen Constitute the raw material to make agar,
iodine, and various food products. Provide spawning habitat for fish
![Page 5: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Algae
Q. What do the mother’s of blue-green algae hope for?
A. That their daughter cells will grow up and marry pond scum
![Page 6: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Plant vs. Protist
Termed Algae
In brief-Simple one-celledGroup in coloniesAlso form organisms with many cellsAnd collaborating together as simple
tissues.
![Page 7: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Reproduction
Spore(May be motile or non-motile)
Simple sexWhere algae act gametes
But can also operate with complex egg and sperm cells
![Page 8: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Helpful Hints:Motile Flagellated UnicellSelf Propelled-with a whip-singular cell
![Page 9: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Algal Reproduction
Q. Why did the algae fail math?
A. He divided when mutliplying
![Page 10: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Energy
Heterotrophic-Heteron=(an)other Trophe=nutritionSynthesizing required organic
materials from inorganic sources
Photosynthetic-Sunlight to synthesize carbohydrates
from carbon dioxide and water
![Page 11: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Non-aquatic HabitatsAnimals-Turtles, snails, rotifers, worms, crustacea,
alligators, three-toed sloths, sponges, etc.Soil-Composition variesTerrestrial plants-Via lichenised fungi, shady tree sides,
penetrate leaves (rainforests), tree hollows, pitcher plants
SnowRocks-Internal and external
![Page 12: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Algae
Q. What is the most common form of algae transportation?
A. A nitrogen-cycle
![Page 13: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Aquatic HabitatsAquatic Plants-Internal and externalLagoons & Billabongs-Rich in desmidsBogs, marshes, swamps-Also rich in desmids(ex. In SphagnumHot Springs-Blue-green algae dominate Lakes-All have planktonic algae (free floating or
swimming) and periphytic (surface attached)
![Page 14: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Aquatic Habitats (cont’)
Reservoirs-Provide ideal protected habitat for microalgaeRivers, Streams, Creeks-Wide distributionMud & Sand-Many speciesPonds, Puddles, Roadside Ditches, & Rock
Pools-Air transported algae
![Page 15: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Periphyton
Surface Attached Algae
Food source (invertebrates, fish)
Water quality indicator
Represents physiological and community-level changes
![Page 16: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Algae
Q. What kind of algae most often joins the military?
A. Fighter-planktons
![Page 17: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Pollution Indicators:Why are algae such good indicators?
Naturally high population
Rapid response time
Identification to a species level
Ease of sampling
Tolerance or sensitivity to specific environmental conditions known
EPA 1
![Page 18: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Pollution Indicators:Rapid Bioassessment Objectives
Assessment of: BiomassSpeciesCompositionBiological Condition of Periphyton
Assemblages
EPA 2
![Page 19: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Details, details, details:Epiphytic and Benthic
Epiphyticone organism living within or upon another without causing harm.
BenthicLiving in or on the
bottom of a body of water
![Page 20: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Pollution Indicators:Phosphorus
Change in algal communities Enriched conditions increase or
decrease, depends on epiphytic/benthic, pH, water regime, original state…
Florida regulations- less than 1mg/L Species usually affected:
EPA 1
![Page 21: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Pollution Indicators:Phosphorus
Anabaena
Aphanzinomenon
Dinobryon
Scenedesmus
Pediastrum
Closterium
Cosmarium
Oscillatoria
Schroederia
Staurastrum
Pandorina
MicrocystisMicrosterias
EPA 1
![Page 22: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
My Protocol Mark Point on GPS Label sample bag with date, stream, site, sample # Select a cobble size substrate Lift cobble from bed into submerged collecting tray Pour all but a small amount of water out of the
collection tray Remove algae from substrate using nylon brush by
brushing down into the water in the container for 3 minutes until all algae is visibly removed
Rinse substrate, brush, and fingers with 50-100 mL into container
Rinse container and pour sample into sample bag Check label Add sample to cooler
![Page 23: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
My Data
Motic Images•Data
Collection Tool
Digital Microscope
![Page 24: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
My Images
Hydrodictyon
Chlorella
Microspora
Cosmarium
![Page 25: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Sampling
Sampling Area•Eau Claire River
•Multiple samples•Bends, straights,
rougher waters
•Deinhammer Creek•Multiple samples
•Mouth, bends, straights
•Varying substrates
•Beaver Creek
•Pine Creek
Proper SamplingApparel
![Page 26: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Terms to Know:Substrates
Substrates:The surface upon which algae
attaches its self. Rocks Wood (bark, submerged trees, logs…)
Man-made structures (pipes, bridges, boards…)
Anywhere
![Page 27: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Data CollectionSubstrate Type Collection Technique
Removable Substrates (hard) Remove representative substrates from water; brush or scrape representative area of algae from surface and rinse into sample jar.
Removable Substrates (soft) Place a portion of the plant in a sample container with some water. Shake it vigorously and rub it gently to remove algae. Remove plant from sample container.
Large Substrates (unremovable) Place PVC pipe with a neoprene collar at one end on the substrate so that the collar is sealed against the substrate. Dislodge algae in the pipe with a toothbrush, nail brush, or scraper. Remove algae from pipe with pipette.
Loose Sediments Invert petri dish over sediments. Trap sediments in petri dish by inserting spatula under dish. Remove sediments from stream and rinse into sampling container. Algal samples from depositional habitats can also be collected with spoons, forceps, or pipette.
EPA 2
![Page 28: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
The Final Joke
Q. What couldn’t the algae keep a steady relationship?
A. He wasn’t really a fun-gi
![Page 29: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
EPA References
1.) Periphyton as Biological Indicatorshttp://www.epa.gov/bioindicators/html/
periphyton.html
2.)Rapid Bioassessment Protocols For Use in Streams and Wadeable Rivers: Periphyton, Benthic Macro-invertebrates, and Fish Second Edition
http://www.epa.gov/owow/monitoring/rbp/
A big thanks to the EnvironmentalProtection Agency.
![Page 30: Algae Investigation](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062518/5681472c550346895db4684b/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Thank you for viewing
The End