Algae in the Great Lakes: U.S & Ohio Law · Algae in the Great Lakes: U.S & Ohio Law Kenneth...
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Algae in the Great Lakes:U.S & Ohio Law
Kenneth KilbertUniversity of Toledo College of Law
Great Lakes Water Conference November 8, 2013
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Point Sources • “[A]ny discernible, confined and discrete
conveyance” Clean Water Act § 502(14)– Exs: POTW, HSTS, CAFO
• Discharge of pollutant from point source to waters of U.S. (Clean Water Act) or state (ORC ch. 6111) requires NPDES permit– Effluent limitations & water quality standards
drive permit limits
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Nonpoint Sources
• Undefined – essentially, diffuse sources that are not defined as point sources– Ex: agricultural runoff
• Point sources are heavily regulated; nonpoint sources not so much
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Federal Nonpoint Source Programs
• Clean Water Act– Section 208, 33 USC § 1288– Section 319, 33 USC § 1329
• Coastal Zone Management Act– Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program,
16 USC § 1455b
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Ohio Agricultural Pollution Abatement Program
• ODNR administers• Ohio Revised Code ch. 1511• Ohio Admin. Code 1501:15-5
-- focuses on soil erosion or degradation of waters by animal waste or sediment-- applies to crop growing and animal feeding operations
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Select Recommendations• Numeric water quality criteria• More TMDLs• Water quality trading• Agriculture
– BMPs, “distressed watershed,” SB 150• Strengthen NPDES permits• Home sewage treatment systems• Restrict phosphorus lawn fertilizer• Prioritize grant funding
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Legal Tools for Reducing Harmful Algal Blooms in Lake Erie
44 U. Tol. L. Rev. 69 (Fall 2012)
http://ssrn.com/abstract=2185017