Algae for Algae for Wastewater Wastewater TreatmentTreatment

Jeffrey YauJeffrey Yau

BackgroundBackground As production As production

of corn biofuel of corn biofuel increases, increases, more fertilizer more fertilizer run-off will run-off will contaminate contaminate country’s country’s streams and streams and riversrivers

(Cimitile, 09)(Cimitile, 09)

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/95/Runoff_of_soil_&_fertilizer.jpg

““Dead Zones”Dead Zones” Fertilizer run-Fertilizer run-

off releases off releases large amounts large amounts of pollutants of pollutants into water into water systems, such systems, such as nitratesas nitrates

(Biello, 08)(Biello, 08)

Image of U.S. Coast Line (Mississippi River Delta)

•Teal color represents hypoxia

http://infranetlab.org/blog/wp-content/uploads/2008/08/08_08_14_dead_zones_aerials.jpg

Select Hypoxia Chart of Select Hypoxia Chart of Mississippi River DeltaMississippi River Delta

http://www.bu.edu/sjmag/scimag2008/images/dead%20zone.jpg

Knowledge BaseKnowledge Base

http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/education/kits/pollution/media/pol03d_700.jpg

http://www.swcd.co.trumbull.oh.us/water%20pollution/water_11.jpg

•As more meat is being consumed, animal waste in mid-west farms accumulate rapidly, posing as a direct threat to the environment.

Nitrogen CycleNitrogen Cycle

http://www.uwsp.edu/geO/faculty/ritter/geog101/textbook/earth_system/nitrogen_cycle_EPA.jpg

DenitrificationDenitrification Occurs in Occurs in

waterlogged soils waterlogged soils and in natural and in natural waters deficient waters deficient in oxygenin oxygen

Involves Involves reduction of reduction of nitrate to nitrate to nitrogen gas and nitrogen gas and nitrous oxidenitrous oxide

(Madigan; et al., (Madigan; et al., 97)97)

http://generalhorticulture.tamu.edu/lectsupl/Nutrient/p79f1.gif

Optimization of the biological Optimization of the biological treatment of hypersaline treatment of hypersaline

wastewater from wastewater from Dunaliella salina Dunaliella salina cartenogenesiscartenogenesis Enhanced Dunaliella Enhanced Dunaliella

salina’s ability to treat salina’s ability to treat hypersaline wastewater.hypersaline wastewater.

Outcome: Outcome: supplementation of supplementation of phosphate, ammonium, phosphate, ammonium, potassium, and potassium, and magnesium increased magnesium increased organic matter removal.organic matter removal.

(Santos; et al, 01)(Santos; et al, 01) http://www.zoniereport.com/wp-content/uploads/2008/10/450px-river_algae_sichuan.jpg

Polar Cyanobacteria versus Polar Cyanobacteria versus Green AlgaeGreen Algae

Purpose: To find Purpose: To find potential cyanobacteria potential cyanobacteria to be used in outdoor to be used in outdoor waste-water treatment waste-water treatment systemssystems

Primary comparison Primary comparison between between Phormidium Phormidium sp. sp. (E18) and (E18) and Chlorococcalean Chlorococcalean assemblage.assemblage.

(Tang; et al, 97)(Tang; et al, 97)http://www.algae.wur.nl/NR/rdonlyres/6A0DA826-6CE3-435B-A7CB-5FAB5C1289CE/79631/Copyofalgensysteemgroot.jpg

Model Organism: Dunaliella Model Organism: Dunaliella salinasalina

A red A red microalgaemicroalgae

Red tint due to Red tint due to presence of presence of bacterioruberinbacterioruberin

A halophilic A halophilic organismorganism

(Santos; et al, 01)(Santos; et al, 01)https://www.biomedia.cellbiology.ubc.ca/cellbiol/media/images/lrg625/1155132279_L_Grassmere-(Dunaliella_salina)-8178_2-2-Apr_19-06.jpg

Wastewater Wastewater Treatment: Treatment:

BacteriaBacteria One example of One example of

conventional conventional wastewater wastewater treatment treatment processprocess

http://www.epcor.ca/SiteCollectionImages/Water/images/water%20treatment%20plants/okotoks_wwtp_process.jpg

Wastewater Treatment: Wastewater Treatment: Algae SystemAlgae System

http://images.vertmarkets.com/crlive/files/images/3464d9ad-4446-4dc7-87c1-4f6b520abb0c/oldcastle-precast-schematic.jpg

Project DescriptionProject Description Dunaliella salina can be obtained Dunaliella salina can be obtained

from biological vendor. (Carolina)from biological vendor. (Carolina) Ion supplementation and wastewater Ion supplementation and wastewater

can be obtained in lab.can be obtained in lab.

http://www.nefco.org/files/images/_MG_8389.preview.jpg

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