Alexander Bell created one of the greatest achievements of all time….. THE TELEPHONE! Alexander...
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Transcript of Alexander Bell created one of the greatest achievements of all time….. THE TELEPHONE! Alexander...
• Alexander Bell created one of the greatest achievements of all time….. THE TELEPHONE!
• Alexander was born March 3rd, 1847 in Edinburgh, Scotland.
• Died August 2, 1992, because of complications with diabetes.
• Alexander went to the University of Edinburgh and the University College London.• Alexander, in his life, worked as an inventor,
scientist, engineer, a professor in Boston University, and a teacher for the deaf.• He married Mable Hubbard in 1887, and they had
four children. 2 sons that died as infants, and 2 daughters.
• Alexander’s parent were Alexander Melville Bell and Eliza Grace Symonds Bell.• To go into the specific types of engineers Graham
was, he was a manufacturing and electrical engineer. An electrical engineer deals with all types of systems and things that use electricity, to build the phone, Graham had to be able to work with electricity. A manufacturing engineer is some one who manages machinery. After Graham made his company it eventually grew into At&t.
– The problem is that Morse Code uses a dot and
dash system, so whenever you wanted to say
something to someone, for each letter you used
you would have a series of dots and dashes for
one letter. To type out one sentence took time,
and for paragraphs and other different things, it
was very difficult and annoying to try and tell
someone something.
– Alexander Graham bell wanted a better solution,
something that would allow two people to talk to
each other at the same time.
– Alexander had always been interested in art,
music, poetry, and nature, because of his mother.
Alexander's mom had been gradually getting deaf
since she was 12, so he came up with and
invention that would allow him to speak in clear
tones so his mother could hear him better.
– Alexander was always very curious and liked
solving problems, and making other peoples lives
better. That’s exactly what he did when creating
the telephone, he thought of the problem with
Morse Code, and wanted to fix it.
– The problem was in other steps of the designing
process, like when thinking of the problem, he is
also thinking of the solution at the same time, so
that would be brainstorming.
• In 1887, Alexander Graham Bell wrote, “The telephone may be
briefly described as an electrical contrivance for reproducing in
distant places the tones and articulations of a speaker’s voice,
it is conceivable that cables of telephone wires could be laid
underground, or suspended overhead, communicating by
branch wires with private dwellings, country houses, shops,
manufactories, etc.”
o Alexander himself called his idea a little utopian, or different,
but ended up still going and perusing his idea to make a
wonderful invention.
And to sum-up the sentence above by Alexander, all he is
saying is that the telephone might be able to share one’s voice
to other people while talking to each other at the same time.
And to make that happen, there would either be cables
underground, or be on telephone poles above the ground. (To
tell that he IS brainstorming, and hasn't invented the
telephone already, if you look at the first couple of letters it
says the telephone MAY be briefly described, not, the
telephone is described as.)
– When brainstorming, Alexander had to think of the problem,
Morse Code, and how to make it better.
A time that gave him ideas to start inventing things with sound
and voice was when his father took him and his brothers to see
a type of automaton, or a self operating machine. The
automaton was able to speak a few words in a human voice.
Alexander was amazed with the automaton, and when he got
home him and one of his older brothers, Melville, started
building an automaton head. There father was also very
interested, and offered to pay for any parts they wanted. In
the end of their building, they had a automaton that was able
to recognizable say the word, “Mama”, by them positioning
the lips, then a burst of air coming threw the, "throat”.
That just kind of tells a little about one of the reasons why
Alexander would come up with an invention so different in his
time.
– The problem step was a big part in this because, Alexander
found the problem and wanted to solve it with a solution he
had to think of. Brainstorming will also end up going into the
design step because, you should have some sort of idea or plan
for things to actually go in a neat and organized way.
– In 1874 Graham had hit a big achievement in his
study. He had been studying a phonautograph.
Which is a pen like machine that can trace things
on a smoked glass by vibrations. So Graham got
the idea that he might be able to generate
electrical currents that correspond to sound
waves. He also thought that multiple metal reeds
tuned to different sound frequencies like a harp,
would be able to convert the currents into sound.
On 1874 Graham met Thomas A. Watson, who
was an experienced electrical designer and the
mechanic at an electrical machine shop that
belonged to Charles Williams. After getting help
from Sanders and Hubbard, he had enough
money to hire Thomas. Then they both began
working on the acoustic telegraph. On June 2nd, 1875, Watson plucked one of the
reeds and Bell, at the hearing one of the wire,
heard the over tones of the reed. The overtones
were necessary for transmitting speech. So that
told Graham that he only needed on read, not
multiple. Which led to the sound powered
telephone, which was able to transmit indistinct,
voice like sounds. This goes with the brainstorm because, when he
started thinking of trying to make hearing better,
he thought of the phone.
This process really goes into the design because, when building, it came as an accident.
I think that they were really lucky, because while they were testing, and just kind of messing around with there creation, they actually ended up figuring out one of there biggest problems.
After finding out how to actually make sound, they of course kept redesigning until it was ready to get a patent and share the solution!
• On February 14, 1876, Graham’s attorney filed for a patent. On the exact same day, Elisha Gray filed for a patent for his telephone. The U.S. patent office ended up giving it to Graham on March 7th. • He did demonstrations of
the first sentence( also an accident-.-) ,“Watson, come here; I want you.”
at the American Academy of arts and Sciences convention in Boston. Then gained more publicity at the Philadelphia Cebtennial Exposition.
– Graham created the Bell
company, and in 1884, the
company built the first long
distance line from Boston,
to New York. By 1889 there
were 11,000 miles of
underground wires in New
York City.
The Volta Laboratory was
started by Graham in D.C.,
with France awarding the
Volta about $10,000 for his
invention.
Emperor Dom Pedro of
Brazil in 1891 ordered one
hundred telephones for his
country. The telephone,
which had been given only
eighteen words in the
official catalog.
The Share Solutions was
definitely one that
intertwined with this
because, to be able to sell it,
you have to share it.
• DIIGO LIST!