AlcoholAlcohol

What is alcohol?What is alcohol?

Alcohol or ethanol is a type of alcohol in Alcohol or ethanol is a type of alcohol in alcoholic beverages alcoholic beverages

Alcohol is created by a process called Alcohol is created by a process called fermentation which is the chemical action fermentation which is the chemical action of yeast on sugarsof yeast on sugars

Alcohol is classified as a Alcohol is classified as a

depressant, a drug that slows the depressant, a drug that slows the

central nervous systemcentral nervous system

The bodies systemThe bodies system

Nervous System- The Nervous System- The nervous systemnervous system is is a network of organs that coordinate the a network of organs that coordinate the actions of the body and mindactions of the body and mind

Cardiovascular System- A system of Cardiovascular System- A system of organs designed to deliver oxygenated organs designed to deliver oxygenated blood to the bodies cells, and remove blood to the bodies cells, and remove waste from themwaste from them

The bodies systems The bodies systems

Digestive System- The digestive system is Digestive System- The digestive system is made up of the digestive tract—a series of made up of the digestive tract—a series of hollow organs traveling hollow organs traveling

from mouth to the anus—and from mouth to the anus—and

other organs that help the other organs that help the

body break down and body break down and

absorb foodabsorb food

Alcohols affect on the bodyAlcohols affect on the body

Nervous system- brain becomes less able Nervous system- brain becomes less able to physically control the body, memory to physically control the body, memory processes are disorganized, judgment is processes are disorganized, judgment is altered altered

Cardiovascular- low intake- rise in heart Cardiovascular- low intake- rise in heart rate & blood pressure. High intake- heart rate & blood pressure. High intake- heart rate and blood pressure decrease and rate and blood pressure decrease and heart rhythm becomes irregular. Also heart rhythm becomes irregular. Also blood vessels dilate (get bigger) and body blood vessels dilate (get bigger) and body heat is lost heat is lost

Alcohol affects on the bodyAlcohol affects on the body

Digestive system- increase in stomach Digestive system- increase in stomach acid which may cause vomiting, toxic acid which may cause vomiting, toxic chemicals are released from the liver due chemicals are released from the liver due to demand of alcohol processing, kidneys to demand of alcohol processing, kidneys increase urine output which leads to increase urine output which leads to dehydration dehydration

Alcohol LawsAlcohol Laws

The legal drinking age in the United States The legal drinking age in the United States is 21is 21

It is illegal for anyone under the age of 21 It is illegal for anyone under the age of 21 to buy, possess or take in alcoholto buy, possess or take in alcohol

If you are under the age of 21 and take a If you are under the age of 21 and take a breathalyzer, anything over 0.0 can be breathalyzer, anything over 0.0 can be prosecuted prosecuted

ALCOHOL FACTSALCOHOL FACTS

Alcohol is the #1 Drug of ChoiceAlcohol is the #1 Drug of ChoiceAlcohol related car crashes is the #1 killer Alcohol related car crashes is the #1 killer of Teenagers.of Teenagers.Alcohol kills 5x’s the number of people Alcohol kills 5x’s the number of people than any other drugthan any other drug14 million Americans are alcoholics14 million Americans are alcoholics2 million of them are teenagers2 million of them are teenagersEvery 30 seconds someone is injured or Every 30 seconds someone is injured or killed by an alcohol related accidentkilled by an alcohol related accidentIn the next 48 hrs, 10,000 teenagers will try In the next 48 hrs, 10,000 teenagers will try alcohol.alcohol.

70% of students at some college 70% of students at some college campuses binge drink (4 or 5 in a row)campuses binge drink (4 or 5 in a row)1/3 of all schools reported binging by 1/3 of all schools reported binging by more than half of the students.more than half of the students.MADD estimates half of American 20 MADD estimates half of American 20 million Jr. Sr. H.S. students drink monthlymillion Jr. Sr. H.S. students drink monthly2/3 say they do it to forget problems2/3 say they do it to forget problemsAlmost the same say they do it because Almost the same say they do it because others doothers doApprox. 3.3 million Americans ages 12-26 Approx. 3.3 million Americans ages 12-26 are problem drinkers.are problem drinkers.

Nearly 14 million Americans- 1 in every 13 adults Nearly 14 million Americans- 1 in every 13 adults have a drinking problemhave a drinking problem

According to the National Institute on Alcohol According to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), alcohol use is Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA), alcohol use is implicated in:implicated in:

50% of all homicides50% of all homicides

50% of all accidents50% of all accidents

41% of all crimes41% of all crimes

33% of all suicides33% of all suicides

A large proportion of drowning, boating and A large proportion of drowning, boating and aviation deathsaviation deathsAlcohol also contributes to the risk of cancer, heart disease, brain Alcohol also contributes to the risk of cancer, heart disease, brain damage and cirrhosis of the liver.damage and cirrhosis of the liver.

Did You Know?Did You Know?

By The time teens reach 9By The time teens reach 9thth grade, most grade, most will have seen more ads for beer or wine will have seen more ads for beer or wine than for any other productthan for any other product

A recent study found 93% of the 200 most A recent study found 93% of the 200 most popular movie rentals depicted alcohol popular movie rentals depicted alcohol use.use.

A review of top-selling rap recordings A review of top-selling rap recordings found alcohol mentioned in 47% of the found alcohol mentioned in 47% of the songssongs

Alcohol use is a serious matter. It Alcohol use is a serious matter. It is a key factor in:is a key factor in:

33% of suicides33% of suicides

50% of homicides50% of homicides

62% of assaults62% of assaults

68% of manslaughter cases68% of manslaughter cases

50% of head injuries50% of head injuries

41% of traffic fatalities41% of traffic fatalities

Also……Also……

Alcohol also plays a major role in domestic Alcohol also plays a major role in domestic abuse and injury, child abuse and neglect, abuse and injury, child abuse and neglect, and workplace injuriesand workplace injuries

More than half of all people who drown More than half of all people who drown have consumed alcohol before entering have consumed alcohol before entering the waterthe water

Factors affecting the effects of alcoholFactors affecting the effects of alcohol

1.Body Size and Gender-1.Body Size and Gender- A small person feels A small person feels the effect of the same amount of alcohol faster the effect of the same amount of alcohol faster than a large person does. In general, alcohol than a large person does. In general, alcohol moves into the bloodstream faster in females.moves into the bloodstream faster in females.

(Females have a higher % of body fat and less (Females have a higher % of body fat and less water in their body than males. As a result, water in their body than males. As a result, alcohol in females is less diluted and has a alcohol in females is less diluted and has a stronger and more lasting result)stronger and more lasting result)

The enzyme that controls alcohol processing is The enzyme that controls alcohol processing is 70% more effective in males than in females70% more effective in males than in females

Factors affecting the effects of Factors affecting the effects of alcoholalcohol

2.2. Food- Food- Food in the stomach slows down the Food in the stomach slows down the passage of alcohol into the bloodstreampassage of alcohol into the bloodstream

3.3. Amount and Rate of Intake-Amount and Rate of Intake- As the amount of As the amount of alcohol consumed increases, the level of alcohol consumed increases, the level of alcohol in the bloodstream also rises. When a alcohol in the bloodstream also rises. When a person drinks faster than the liver can break it person drinks faster than the liver can break it down, intoxication results. When blood alcohol down, intoxication results. When blood alcohol becomes too high, alcohol poisoning can becomes too high, alcohol poisoning can occur.occur.

IntoxicationIntoxicationThe state in which the body is poisoned by The state in which the body is poisoned by alcohol or another substance and the alcohol or another substance and the person’s physical and mental control is person’s physical and mental control is significantly reduced.significantly reduced.

Alcohol per drink is:Alcohol per drink is:

12 Ounces of Beer12 Ounces of Beer

1 Wine Cooler1 Wine Cooler

1 Ounce of Liquor1 Ounce of Liquor

What Alcohol does to our What Alcohol does to our BodyBody

Irritates the Stomach LiningIrritates the Stomach Lining

Depresses the Central Nervous Depresses the Central Nervous SystemSystem

Alters the Person’s Behavior and the Alters the Person’s Behavior and the Body’s ability to functionBody’s ability to function

Brain functions slow, decreasing Brain functions slow, decreasing balance, eyesight, and reasoning balance, eyesight, and reasoning abilityability

BAC- Blood Alcohol ContentBAC- Blood Alcohol Content

0.100.10- Drinker loses judgment, dexterity, - Drinker loses judgment, dexterity, and coordination. Slurs words and and coordination. Slurs words and staggers. Still insists he/she is not drunk!staggers. Still insists he/she is not drunk!0.150.15- First time drinkers usually pass out!- First time drinkers usually pass out!0.200.20- The drinker may explode in a violent - The drinker may explode in a violent rage and not even remember it.rage and not even remember it.0.40-0.500.40-0.50- The drinker sinks into a coma- The drinker sinks into a comaMixing alcohol and other drugs (i.e. Mixing alcohol and other drugs (i.e. depressants) multiplies the effects!depressants) multiplies the effects!

Processing the AlcoholProcessing the Alcohol

Small % immediately goes in the stomachSmall % immediately goes in the stomach5% is released unchanged through sweat and 5% is released unchanged through sweat and respirationrespirationRest goes through Rest goes through LiverLiver- Takes about - Takes about 11

Hour per drinkHour per drinkWhile this occurs, liver can’t function effectively in its’ While this occurs, liver can’t function effectively in its’

normal job of converting stored fats and other normal job of converting stored fats and other nutrients into glucose, the sugar used by the body nutrients into glucose, the sugar used by the body for energyfor energy

Over time, heavy drinkers can develop fatty deposits Over time, heavy drinkers can develop fatty deposits in the liver or suffer cirrhosis, A fatal diseasein the liver or suffer cirrhosis, A fatal disease

Factors That Influence Alcohol UseFactors That Influence Alcohol Use

Peer PressurePeer Pressure – Teens who choose friends who – Teens who choose friends who avoid alcohol use are more likely to be alcohol avoid alcohol use are more likely to be alcohol free.free.FamilyFamily – Parents who discourage and avoid the – Parents who discourage and avoid the use of alcohol are more likely to have teens who use of alcohol are more likely to have teens who do the same. In fact, teens cite parental do the same. In fact, teens cite parental disapproval as the number one reason for not disapproval as the number one reason for not using alcohol.using alcohol.Media MessageMedia Message – The message of many ads is – The message of many ads is “To fit in, drink alcohol.”“To fit in, drink alcohol.”