Alcohol Not For Drinking: Direct Methanol Fuel Cells
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Alcohol Not For Drinking:
Direct Methanol Fuel CellsTony Tong
November 23, 2004CH 407H: The Science and Technology of Batteries
Oregon State University
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What are DMFC’s?What are DMFC’s?
Uses methanol, a cheap and safe fuelNo reformer neededOperable at room temperaturesDTI Energy, Inc. holds exclusive
worldwide licensing rights
Uses methanol, a cheap and safe fuelNo reformer neededOperable at room temperaturesDTI Energy, Inc. holds exclusive
worldwide licensing rights
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How DMFC’s workHow DMFC’s work
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Source: DTI Energy, Inc.
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Applications of DMFC’sApplications of DMFC’s
Can be adapted to power almost anything Transportation Residential power Industrial power Landfills/wastewater
Mobile electronics in near future Work underway to miniaturize Will initially supplement batteries Cartridges will be sold to replenish fuel ($2-3?) Laptops: 5 hrs (high-drain) now, 40 hr DMFC in
development
Can be adapted to power almost anything Transportation Residential power Industrial power Landfills/wastewater
Mobile electronics in near future Work underway to miniaturize Will initially supplement batteries Cartridges will be sold to replenish fuel ($2-3?) Laptops: 5 hrs (high-drain) now, 40 hr DMFC in
development
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Advantages & BenefitsAdvantages & Benefits
Longer usage vs. batteriesLightweight / scalableNo need to rechargeCleaner than IC enginesLiquid fuel can be pumped from gas
stations
Longer usage vs. batteriesLightweight / scalableNo need to rechargeCleaner than IC enginesLiquid fuel can be pumped from gas
stations
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Source: Toshiba
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Disadvantages & ProblemsDisadvantages & Problems
High costPlatinum/ruthenium catalyst
Low currentLow power density“Methanol crossover”Water byproduct
Damage to electronicsDamage to environment
High costPlatinum/ruthenium catalyst
Low currentLow power density“Methanol crossover”Water byproduct
Damage to electronicsDamage to environment
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
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Disadvantages & ProblemsDisadvantages & Problems
Need for standardsCartridge specsCartridge delivery
Need for standardsCartridge specsCartridge delivery
QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
Fujitsu Toshiba
NEC
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SolutionsSolutions
Use water byproduct in fuel or hold in cartridge
Porous silicon, PolyFuel membraneNi-Sn catalystH2O2 as oxidant - underwater applicationsRefill while in use - infinite mobile powerDirect Borohydride Fuel Cells (DBFC’s)
Safer form of H2, releases 8 e-
Higher current, smaller size vs. DMFC’s
Use water byproduct in fuel or hold in cartridge
Porous silicon, PolyFuel membraneNi-Sn catalystH2O2 as oxidant - underwater applicationsRefill while in use - infinite mobile powerDirect Borohydride Fuel Cells (DBFC’s)
Safer form of H2, releases 8 e-
Higher current, smaller size vs. DMFC’s
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SummarySummary
DMFC’s have the ability to replace most power supplies
More efficient, environmentally-friendlyCheaper catalysts neededHigher power output neededStandardization
DMFC’s have the ability to replace most power supplies
More efficient, environmentally-friendlyCheaper catalysts neededHigher power output neededStandardization
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ReferencesReferences
PCWorld.com InfoWorld.com Toshiba.co.jp Neahpower.com DTIEnergy.com PolyFuel.com www.andrew.cmu.edu/user/jfagan/sumdmfc2.html www.engr.wisc.edu/news/headlines/2003/
Jun30.html merit.hydrogen.co.jp/R&D/R&D_Main.html
PCWorld.com InfoWorld.com Toshiba.co.jp Neahpower.com DTIEnergy.com PolyFuel.com www.andrew.cmu.edu/user/jfagan/sumdmfc2.html www.engr.wisc.edu/news/headlines/2003/
Jun30.html merit.hydrogen.co.jp/R&D/R&D_Main.html