Alcohol and drug lecture(professional)
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Transcript of Alcohol and drug lecture(professional)
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Family Healing CenterFamily Healing CenterAlcohol and Drug Addiction LectureAlcohol and Drug Addiction Lecture
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Drug AddictionDrug Addiction
1818 20% of the U.S. Population20% of the U.S. Populationsuffers from drug and/orsuffers from drug and/oralcohol addictionalcohol addiction
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COST:COST:
3 Billion Dollars Annually due to3 Billion Dollars Annually due tohealthcare costs and/or job losshealthcare costs and/or job loss
20% patients of medical facilities20% patients of medical facilities
3535 55% psychiatric patients55% psychiatric patients
20% family medicine patients20% family medicine patients
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AddictionDisorderAddictionDisorder
Not enough Government ProgramsNot enough Government Programs
Not enough Government FundsNot enough Government Funds
Not enough Government ConcernNot enough Government Concern
Not enough ResearchNot enough Research
Not enough Prevention Programs
N
ot enough Prevention Programs
Public awareness for early treatment is vital.Public awareness for early treatment is vital.
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AlcoholAlcohol Second on the list of most used substances worldSecond on the list of most used substances world
wide (Smoking is 1wide (Smoking is 1stst on the list)on the list)
#1 cause of MVA#1 cause of MVA
Morbidity (illness)Morbidity (illness)
DeathsDeaths
#1 cause of household#1 cause of household
accidents/violence/homicidesaccidents/violence/homicides Enormous cost to the individual and to societyEnormous cost to the individual and to society
Enormous number of deaths directly caused byEnormous number of deaths directly caused byOverdose of EthanolOverdose of Ethanol
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DeathsDeaths 50,000 Alcohol/Drug Related Deaths per year50,000 Alcohol/Drug Related Deaths per year
550,000 Smoking Related Deaths per year in the550,000 Smoking Related Deaths per year in theU.S. (Not including 50,000 due to exposure toU.S. (Not including 50,000 due to exposure to
second hand smoke)second hand smoke) Causes of Ethanol Related Deaths:Causes of Ethanol Related Deaths:
SeizuresSeizures
M.I.sM.I.s
CNS DepressantCNS Depressant
Asphyxia/AspirationAsphyxia/Aspiration
Aortic DissectionAortic Dissection
Dosed related vs. Overdose relatedDosed related vs. Overdose related
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Alcohol RelatedDeaths per 100,000 peopleAlcohol RelatedDeaths per 100,000 people
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Etiology of AddictionEtiology of Addiction
HereditaryHereditary Approximately 6Approximately 6--10%10%(additional research pending)(additional research pending)
AddictionAddiction Physical DiseasePhysical DiseasePsychosocial PressuresPsychosocial Pressures
Neurological Brain Age ExposureNeurological Brain Age Exposure
Behavioral PathologyBehavioral PathologyDysfunctional Family UnitDysfunctional Family Unit
Psychiatric Disorders (DualPsychiatric Disorders (Dual--Diagnosis)Diagnosis)
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EthanolEthanol Brain/CNSBrain/CNS
Begins with mild Euphoria/ Loss of inhibitionBegins with mild Euphoria/ Loss of inhibition Behavioral, EmotionalBehavioral, Emotional
Impairs: judgment, memory, concentration,Impairs: judgment, memory, concentration,coordinationcoordination
Further intake/CNS Capture leads toFurther intake/CNS Capture leads to Mood SwingsMood Swings
Emotional OutburstsEmotional Outbursts
Decreased: vision, hearing, smell, taste,Decreased: vision, hearing, smell, taste,Fine/gross motor skills, reactionsFine/gross motor skills, reactions
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Ethanol Contd:Ethanol Contd: Large/HeavyDosesLarge/HeavyDoses
Induces Sleep (defense mechanism)Induces Sleep (defense mechanism)
Anesthesia for the bodyAnesthesia for the body
SeizuresSeizures Dulls, Depresses, Alters, Damages Brain CellsDulls, Depresses, Alters, Damages Brain Cells
Respiratory FailureRespiratory Failure
ComaComa
DeathDeath
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Ethanol Contd: LIVEREthanol Contd: LIVER 11stst organ affected due to frequency of alcohol useorgan affected due to frequency of alcohol use
Metabolism (Breaks down Ethanol)Metabolism (Breaks down Ethanol)
Inflammation/swelling/destruction of liver cellsInflammation/swelling/destruction of liver cells(Hepatitis)(Hepatitis)
CirrhosisCirrhosis severe and possibly irreversible destructionsevere and possibly irreversible destructionof liverof liver
Reduction of ClottingReduction of Clotting
Reduction of ImmunityReduction of Immunity
Reduction of Metabolism (Nutrients, Vitamins)Reduction of Metabolism (Nutrients, Vitamins) Increase fat deposits and circulationIncrease fat deposits and circulation
FailureComaDEATHFailureComaDEATH
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Death Rates of Liver Cirrhosis by SexDeath Rates of Liver Cirrhosis by Sex
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Ethanol ContdEthanol ContdSexual/Reproductive Functions:Sexual/Reproductive Functions:
Sexual response impairedSexual response impaired
ImpotenceImpotence
InfertilityInfertilityF.A.S. (Fetal Alcohol Syndrome)F.A.S. (Fetal Alcohol Syndrome)
Physical AbnormalitiesPhysical AbnormalitiesDecreased Muscle/ToneDecreased Muscle/Tone
Decreased SpeechDecreased Speech
Decreased IntelligenceDecreased Intelligence
Decreased GrowthDecreased Growth
Higher Risk of Breast Cancer
H
igher Risk of Breast Cancer
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Areas of the Brain Affected by FASAreas of the Brain Affected by FAS
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OpiatesOpiates Forms of AdministrationForms of Administration
P.O. (By Mouth)P.O. (By Mouth)
IV/IM/SQ/ skin popping/ muscleIV/IM/SQ/ skin popping/ muscle--inin--itit
(Infection)(Infection) InhalationInhalation Smoked/ Nasal InhalationSmoked/ Nasal Inhalation
Rectal/ SuppositoryRectal/ Suppository
Highly AddictiveHighly Addictive Often prescribed by Medical ProfessionalsOften prescribed by Medical Professionals
UnawareUnaware becoming abusive/ dependentbecoming abusive/ dependent
Affects strong binding sites in brain & body (wholeAffects strong binding sites in brain & body (whole
effect)effect)
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Opiates Contd:Opiates Contd: WithdrawalEffectsWithdrawalEffects
Abdominal CrampsAbdominal Cramps
AnorexiaAnorexia
AnxietyAnxiety
InsomniaInsomnia
DysphoriaDysphoria
NauseaNausea
TearingTearing
HeadachesHeadaches
High B.P.High B.P.
IrritabilityIrritability
DiarrheaDiarrhea
Hot/Cold FlashesHot/Cold Flashes
PsychosisPsychosis
Muscle Aches/SpasmsMuscle Aches/Spasms
DepressionDepression
VomitingVomiting
Runny NoseRunny Nose
RestlessnessRestlessness
TachycardiaTachycardia
AgitationAgitation
Takes days/weeks/months before feeling betterTakes days/weeks/months before feeling better
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Opiates/NarcoticsOpiates/NarcoticsAnalgesicsAnalgesics
Derived from Opium/PoppyDerived from Opium/Poppy
Papaver Somniferum =H
eroinPapaver Somniferum =H
eroinMorphineMorphine CodeineCodeine
Chemical Isolation by Germans duringChemical Isolation by Germans duringWWII because of lack of MorphineWWII because of lack of Morphine
Now SemiNow Semi--Synthetic productsSynthetic products MeperidineMeperidine--DemerolDemerol--HysromorphineHysromorphine
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Treatment OptionsTreatment Options Treatment:Treatment: None!None!
Management:Management: Much!Much!
Treatment Programs:Treatment Programs:1.1. Full InpatientFull Inpatient Expensive but very goodExpensive but very good
2.2. Day CareDay Care SemiSemi--ExpensiveExpensive goodgood
3.3. I.O.P. (Intensive Outpatient Program) lessI.O.P. (Intensive Outpatient Program) less
expensiveexpensive good depending on yourgood depending on yourmotivationmotivation
4.4. Relapse PreventionRelapse Prevention Weekly, BiWeekly, Bi--WeeklyWeekly
5.5. Partial ProgramPartial Program Weekly, BiWeekly, Bi--WeeklyWeekly
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MedicalDetoxificationMedicalDetoxification
Inpatient vs. OutpatientInpatient vs. Outpatient
Multiple Medications:Multiple Medications:
Benzodiazepines/ Barbiturates:Benzodiazepines/ Barbiturates:Anxiety/AgitationAnxiety/Agitation
Methocarbomol/ Flexeril (Cyclobenzapine)/Methocarbomol/ Flexeril (Cyclobenzapine)/
Skelaxin (Metaxalone): Muscle RelaxantsSkelaxin (Metaxalone): Muscle Relaxants Lomotil (Diphenoxylate/ Atropine)/ ImmodiumLomotil (Diphenoxylate/ Atropine)/ Immodium
(Loperamide): Anti(Loperamide): Anti--diarrhealdiarrheal
Bentyl (Dicyclomide)Bentyl (Dicyclomide)
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Suboxone/ Sebutex (Buprenorhine)Suboxone/ Sebutex (Buprenorhine)
Partial Agonist/Antagonist OpiatePartial Agonist/Antagonist Opiate
Excellent for Maintenance ManagementExcellent for Maintenance Management
SuboxoneSuboxone
2 or 8 mg sublingual breakable tablets2 or 8 mg sublingual breakable tablets
Plus 0.5 mg or 2mg Naloxone (Narcan)Plus 0.5 mg or 2mg Naloxone (Narcan)
Blocker effect against I.V. drug abuseBlocker effect against I.V. drug abuse Take once or twice dailyTake once or twice daily
Doctor prescribing must be certifiedDoctor prescribing must be certified
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MaintenanceManagementMaintenanceManagement
Depends on age of onset/ period of useDepends on age of onset/ period of use
Depends on drug history andDepends on drug history and
dysfunctional diseasedysfunctional disease
Depends on relapse frequencyDepends on relapse frequency
Depends on detox/ treatment failuresDepends on detox/ treatment failures
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MaintenanceMaintenance: Advantages ofManagement: Advantages ofManagement
SobrietySobriety For opiod agonists (buyingFor opiod agonists (buyingtimetime
Motivates control over their livesMotivates control over their livesMotivates family unity in their livesMotivates family unity in their lives
Motivates completion & understanding ofMotivates completion & understanding of
better treatment programsbetter treatment programsMotivates adhering to AA, NA, CA, PAMotivates adhering to AA, NA, CA, PA
Motivates adhering to compliancy withMotivates adhering to compliancy withother medicationsother medications
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Advantages ContdAdvantages Contd
Motivates compliancy with own healthMotivates compliancy with own healthand welland well--beingbeing
Motivates finding and keeping a jobMotivates finding and keeping a job
Motivates a better marital relationshipMotivates a better marital relationship
Motivates a greater sense of faithMotivates a greater sense of faith
Motivates to mend all aspects of theirMotivates to mend all aspects of theirlife!!!life!!!
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Avoid:Avoid:
HIV, Hepatitis C/B Exposure, STDsHIV, Hepatitis C/B Exposure, STDsand/or Hospitalizationsand/or Hospitalizations
Lying, Manipulation, Stealing, etc.Lying, Manipulation, Stealing, etc.
OverOver--spendingspending
Using other substancesUsing other substances
Injury, accidents, legal courts, jailInjury, accidents, legal courts, jail