Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the...

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Alabama Energy and Employment Overview Alabama has an average concentration of energy employment, with 49,320 Traditional Energy workers statewide. 10,838 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 29,438 work in Transmission, Wholesale Distribution, and Storage, and 9,045 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 1.5% of the Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Alabama. The traditional energy sector in Alabama is 2.6% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment). Alabama has an additional 30,203 jobs in Energy Efficiency (1.4% of all energy efficiency jobs nationwide) and 63,174 in motor vehicles (2.6% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide). Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology Technology Breakdown Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 9,045 workers in Alabama, 1.1% of the national total. Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 3,390 jobs, followed by wind at 1,077 jobs. 9,045 10,838 29,438 30,203 63,174 Electric Power Generation Fuels Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Energy Efficiency Motor Vehicles

Transcript of Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the...

Page 1: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Alabama Energy and Employment Overview Alabama has an average concentration of energy employment, with 49,320 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 10,838 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 29,438 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 9,045 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 1.5% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Alabama. The traditional energy sector in Alabama

is 2.6% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Alabama has an additional 30,203 jobs in Energy Efficiency (1.4% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 63,174 in motor vehicles (2.6% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 9,045 workers in Alabama, 1.1% of the national total.

Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 3,390 jobs, followed by wind at

1,077 jobs.

9,045 10,838

29,438 30,203

63,174

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 2: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

Utilities are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 84.3% of jobs.

Professional and business services employment represents 7.2% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 10,838 jobs in Alabama, 1.0% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 3,398 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

760 1,077

350

1,657 1,529

204

3,468

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

84.3%

1.3%3.6%

3.5%7.2% 0.1%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 3: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Mining and extraction jobs represent 30.6% of fuel jobs in Alabama.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Alabama represents 2.2% of the national total in

the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

2,540

3,398

912

54 8

1,047

2,880

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

9.3%

30.6%

0.0%

26.3%

10.0%

22.5%

1.3%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 4: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utilities employ the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Alabama, with

40.8% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 30,203 energy efficiency jobs in Alabama represents 1.4% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally.

The largest number of these employees work in advanced materials and insulation firms, followed by

traditional HVAC. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

15,972

1,059 272

12,135

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

40.8%

39.9%

4.5%

13.4%1.4%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 5: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 63,174 jobs in Alabama, with the most jobs found in

manufacturing.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

817

5,205 2,638

18,937

2,607

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

62.1%

25.3%

3.8%

8.8%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

67.5%

8.9%

0.8%

18.7%

4.1%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair andMaintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 6: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very

difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation NA NA NA NA

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 45.5% 45.5% 9.1% 0.0%

Fuels 14.3% 71.4% 0.0% 14.3%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Page 7: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Alaska Energy and Employment Overview Alaska has a high concentration of energy employment, with 21,027 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 13,504 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 6,199 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 1,324 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 0.6% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Alaska. The traditional energy sector in Alaska is

6.6% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Alaska has an additional 4,421 jobs in Energy Efficiency (0.2% of all energy efficiency jobs nationwide)

and 3,460 in motor vehicles (.1% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 1,324 workers in Alaska, 0.2% of the national total.

Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 532 jobs, followed by traditional

hydroelectric generation at 469 jobs.

1,324

13,504

6,199

4,421 3,460

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 8: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

Utilities are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 43.7% of jobs.

Construction employment represents 26.8% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 13,504 jobs in Alaska, 1.2% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 7,395 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

98

37

469

293

88

151 188

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

43.7%

26.8%

4.5%

10.5%

13.1%1.4%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 9: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Mining and extraction jobs represent 91.2% of fuel jobs in Alaska.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Alaska represents 0.5% of the national total in

the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

134

7,395

5,874

- - 45 55

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

91.2%

3.5% 2.0%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 10: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Alaska,

with 50.6% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 4,421 energy efficiency jobs in Alaska represents 0.2% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally. The

largest number of these employees work in high efficiency HVAC and renewable heating and cooling

firms, followed by advanced materials and insulation. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the

construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

4,250

267 25

1,657

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

16.5%

50.6%

0.4%

28.9%

3.5%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 11: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 3,460 jobs in Alaska, with the most jobs found in repair and

maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

374 574

1,843

1,496

134

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

80.5%

1.3%

7.3%

10.9%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 12: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very

difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 12.5% 50.0% 37.5% 0.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 33.3% 33.3% 33.3% 0.0%

Fuels 0.0% 60.0% 40.0% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles NA NA NA NA

2.2%

28.0%

17.8%

50.8%

1.3%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 13: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Arizona Energy and Employment Overview Arizona has a low concentration of energy employment, with 42,761 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 1,081 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 20,417 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 21,263 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 1.3% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Arizona. The traditional energy sector in Arizona is

1.6% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Arizona has an additional 40,663 jobs in Energy Efficiency (1.9% of all energy efficiency jobs nationwide)

and 29,293 in motor vehicles (1.2% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 21,263 workers in Arizona, 2.5% of the national total.

Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at

9,774 jobs.

21,263

1,081

20,417

40,663

29,293

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 14: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

Utilities are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 33.5% of jobs.

Construction employment represents 26. % of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 1,081 jobs in Arizona, 0.1% of the national total. Coal represent the largest segment of

fuel-related employment, with 433 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

9,774

694 151

3,649

6,060

154 781

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

33.5%

26.0%

11.2%

10.3%

18.2%

0.8%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 15: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Professional and business services jobs represent 59.7% of fuel jobs in Arizona.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Arizona represents 1.6% of the national total in

the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

433

303

174

52

-

64 56

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

13.0%

5.5%

59.7%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 16: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Arizona,

with 41. % of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 40,663 energy efficiency jobs in Arizona represents 1.9% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally. The

largest number of these employees work in high efficiency HVAC and renewable heating and cooling

firms, followed by traditional HVAC. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

12,919

1,845

165

5,489

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

35.1%

41.0%

1.7%

14.7%

7.5% 0.0%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 17: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 29,293 jobs in Arizona, with the most jobs found in repair and

maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

6,515

9,188

11,868

7,751

5,342

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

76.5%

3.1%1.0%

19.4%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 18: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very

difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 22.2% 50.0% 25.9% 1.9%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 39.4% 42.4% 15.2% 3.0%

Fuels NA NA NA NA

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles NA NA NA NA

9.4%

20.1%

3.0%

64.3%

3.1%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 19: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Arkansas Energy and Employment Overview Arkansas has an average concentration of energy employment, with 25,964 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 7,799 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 15,009 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 3,156 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 0.8% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Arkansas. The traditional energy sector in Arkansas

is 2.2% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Arkansas has an additional 14,833 jobs in Energy Efficiency (0.7% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 19,840 in motor vehicles (0.8% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 3,156 workers in Arkansas, 0.4% of the national total.

Wind makes up the largest segment with 825 jobs, followed by traditional fossil fuel generation at 640

jobs.

3,156

7,799

15,009 14,833

19,840

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 20: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

Utilities are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 36.9% of jobs.

Wholesale trade employment represents 21.8% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 7,799 jobs in Arkansas, 0.7% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 3,936 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

339

825

33

329 311

0

1,320

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

36.9%

16.0%

20.4%

21.8%

2.6%2.2%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 21: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Mining and extraction jobs represent 27.5% of fuel jobs in Arkansas.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Arkansas represents 1.1% of the national total in

the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

115

3,936

1,723

349 509

651 517

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

27.5%

13.8%

23.6%Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 22: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utilities employ the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Arkansas, with

47.6% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 14,833 energy efficiency jobs in Arkansas represents 0.7% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally.

The largest number of these employees work in traditional HVAC firms, followed by high efficiency HVAC

and renewable heating and cooling. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

11,159

399 109

3,342

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

47.6%

31.1%

6.8%

14.2%0.3%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 23: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 19,840 jobs in Arkansas, with the most jobs found in

manufacturing.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

1,695 2,635 2,522

620

7,362

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

73.7%

12.3%

5.2%

8.8%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 24: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very

difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation NA NA NA NA

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 38.5% 38.5% 23.1% 0.0%

Fuels 0.0% 22.2% 66.7% 11.1%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles NA NA NA NA

34.7%

17.5%3.1%

32.4%

12.3%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 25: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

California Energy and Employment Overview California has an average concentration of energy employment, with 427,614 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 68,984 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 155,360 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 203,269 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 13.1% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in California. The traditional energy sector in

California is 2.6% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

California has an additional 301,348 jobs in Energy Efficiency (13.8% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 198,121 in motor vehicles (8.1% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 203,269 workers in California, 23.6% of the national

total. Solar makes up the largest segment with 152,947 jobs, followed by traditional fossil fuel

generation at 18,520 jobs.

203,269

68,984

155,360

301,348

198,121

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 26: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

Construction are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 30.4% of

jobs. Manufacturing employment represents 22.6% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 68,984 jobs in California, 6.4% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 48,566 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

152,947

4,635 11,890 16,960

864 696

15,277

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

9.7%

30.4%

22.6%

20.8%

15.0%

1.5%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 27: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Professional and business services jobs represent 32.4% of fuel jobs in California.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in California represents 11.8% of the national total

in the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

1,323

48,566

10,687

246 990 2,629

4,542

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

23.4%

22.6%

32.4%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 28: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in

California, with 43.6% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 301,348 energy efficiency jobs in California represents 13.8% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally.

The largest number of these employees work in traditional HVAC firms, followed by ENERGY STAR and

efficient lighting. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

99,965

25,203

1,908

28,285

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

23.7%

43.6%

7.6%

13.2%

11.5%0.3%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 29: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 198,121 jobs in California, with the most jobs found in repair

and maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

65,442

116,446

58,313

18,473

42,674

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

58.5%

11.0%

8.1%

22.4%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 30: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 11: Parts Offered by Vehicle Fuel Type

Figure 12: Revenue Attributable to Part for Fuel Economy

14.5%

23.0%

2.8%

58.4%

1.4%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

12.5%

4.2%

0.0%

11.1%

25.0%

19.4%

29.2%

81.9%

Other

Fuel Cell Vehicles

Hydrogen Vehicles

Natural Gas Vehicles

Electric Vehicles

Plug-In Hyrid Vehicles

Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Gasoline and Diesel Motor Vehicles

11.4%

11.4%

14.3%

31.4%

31.4%

All of it (100%)

Half to most of it (50% to99%)

A quarter to almost halfof it (25% to 49%)

Less than a quarter (1%to 24%)

DK/NA

Page 31: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very

difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 18.7% 57.9% 20.8% 2.7%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

14.0% 58.0% 24.0% 4.0%

Energy Efficiency 29.4% 49.2% 19.8% 1.5%

Fuels 22.7% 31.8% 45.5% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles 27.3% 40.9% 31.8% 0.0%

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles 33.3% 42.9% 19.0% 4.8%

Page 32: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Colorado Energy and Employment Overview Colorado has a high concentration of energy employment, with 90,113 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 36,765 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 28,252 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 25,096 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 2.8% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Colorado. The traditional energy sector in Colorado

is 3.6% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Colorado has an additional 29,756 jobs in Energy Efficiency (1.4% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 30,221 in motor vehicles (1.2% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 25,096 workers in Colorado, 2.9% of the national total.

Solar makes up the largest segment with 8,027 jobs, followed by wind at 7,124 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

25,096

36,765

28,252 29,756 30,221

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 33: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Professional and business services are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power

Generation, with 57.8% of jobs. Construction employment represents 17.7% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 36,765 jobs in Colorado, 3.4% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 13,731 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

8,027

7,124

1,014 486

3,812

316

4,316

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

3.4%

17.7%

6.6%

13.5%

57.8%

1.1%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 34: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Mining and extraction jobs represent 74% of fuel jobs in Colorado.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Colorado represents 2.1% of the national total in

the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

2,270

13,731

9,845

450

2,249

3,941 4,278

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

74.0%

1.9%

17.6%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 35: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in

Colorado, with 36.7% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 29,756 energy efficiency jobs in Colorado represents 1.4% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally.

The largest number of these employees work in ENERGY STAR and efficient lighting firms, followed by

traditional HVAC. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

18,538

2,332

327

7,055

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

17.3%

36.7%14.3%

30.8%Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 36: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 30,221 jobs in Colorado, with the most jobs found in repair and

maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

9,394 8,477

5,186 5,489

1,210

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

55.8%

41.7% Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

6.7%

25.7%

3.8%63.2%

0.7%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 37: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 11: Parts Offered by Vehicle Fuel Type

Figure 12: Revenue Attributable to Part for Fuel Economy

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very

difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 14.1% 69.0% 14.1% 2.8%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

44.4% 22.2% 33.3% 0.0%

Energy Efficiency 56.0% 32.0% 12.0% 0.0%

Fuels 20.0% 55.0% 25.0% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles 16.7% 33.3% 50.0% 0.0%

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles NA NA NA NA

25.0%

8.3%

0.0%

25.0%

8.3%

8.3%

8.3%

66.7%

Other

Fuel Cell Vehicles

Hydrogen Vehicles

Natural Gas Vehicles

Electric Vehicles

Plug-In Hyrid Vehicles

Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Gasoline and Diesel Motor Vehicles

14.3%

57.1%

28.6%

Half to most of it (50% to99%)

Less than a quarter (1%to 24%)

DK/NA

Page 38: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Connecticut Energy and Employment Overview Connecticut has a low concentration of energy employment, with 18,619 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 3,209 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 10,206 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 5,205 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 0.6% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Connecticut. The traditional energy sector in

Connecticut is 1.1% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Connecticut has an additional 33,948 jobs in Energy Efficiency (1.6% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 18,496 in motor vehicles (0.8% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 5,205 workers in Connecticut, 0.6% of the national

total. Solar makes up the largest segment with 2,927 jobs, followed by Natural Gas generation at 742

jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

5,205 3,209

10,206

33,948

18,496

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 39: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Professional and business services are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power

Generation, with 30.8% of jobs. Wholesale trade employment represents 22.3% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 3,209 jobs in Connecticut, 0.3% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 3,011 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

2,927

11 17

742

- 0

1,507

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

13.8%

13.6%

12.0%

22.3%

30.8%

7.5%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 40: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Wholesale trade jobs represent 54.7% of fuel jobs in Connecticut.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Connecticut represents 0.8% of the national total

in the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

2

3,011

76 8 - 32 79

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

0.2%

54.7%

7.1%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 41: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utilities employ the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Connecticut,

with 40.6% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 33,948 energy efficiency jobs in Connecticut represents 1.6% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally.

The largest number of these employees work in high efficiency HVAC and renewable heating and cooling

firms, followed by traditional HVAC. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

9,033

252 75 845

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

40.6%

33.7%

4.3%

13.2%

7.7% 0.5%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 42: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 18,496 jobs in Connecticut, with the most jobs found in repair

and maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

7,501 7,881

10,110

3,512 4,945

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

58.2%

6.9%

9.8%

25.0%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

19.4%

20.0%

2.4%

57.9%

0.4%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair andMaintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 43: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very

difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 16.7% 54.2% 16.7% 12.5%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 40.0% 46.7% 6.7% 6.7%

Fuels 40.0% 40.0% 20.0% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Page 44: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Delaware Energy and Employment Overview Delaware has a low concentration of energy employment, with 6,145 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 2,785 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 2,497 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 862 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 0.2% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Delaware. The traditional energy sector in

Delaware is 1.4% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Delaware has an additional 12,232 jobs in Energy Efficiency (0.6% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 4,183 in motor vehicles (0.2% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 862 workers in Delaware, 0.1% of the national total.

Solar makes up the largest segment with 486 jobs, followed by natural gas generation at 257 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

862

2,785 2,497

12,232

4,183

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 45: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 50.9% of

jobs. Utilities employment represents 17.8% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 2,785 jobs in Delaware, 0.3% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 727 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

486

-

118

257

- - 0

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

17.8%

50.9%

6.8%

5.7%

17.2%

1.6%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 46: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Manufacturing jobs represent 39.4% of fuel jobs in Delaware.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Delaware represents 0.2% of the national total in

the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

68

727

- 55 16 7

1,912

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

5.0%

39.4%

34.5%

17.7%

3.4%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 47: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utilities employ the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Delaware, with

45.7% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 12,232 energy efficiency jobs in Delaware represents .6% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally.

The largest number of these employees work in traditional HVAC firms, followed by high efficiency HVAC

and renewable heating and cooling. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

1,632

46 78

742

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

45.7%

45.4%

4.9%3.3%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 48: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 4,183 jobs in Delaware, with the most jobs found in repair and

maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

1,215

4,291

3,480

2,348

898

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

81.5%

3.9%

4.6%

10.0%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

3.2%

28.9%

10.5%

57.2%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair andMaintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 49: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very

difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 40.0% 60.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency NA NA NA NA

Fuels NA NA NA NA

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles

NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles

NA NA NA NA

Page 50: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

District of Columbia Energy and Employment Overview District of Columbia has a low concentration of energy employment, with 4,504 Traditional Energy

workers statewide. 498 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 2,043 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 1,962 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. .1% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in District of Columbia. The traditional energy sector

in District of Col. is .6% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

District of Columbia has an additional 11,982 jobs in Energy Efficiency (0.5% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 873 in motor vehicles (0.0% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 1,962 workers in District of Columbia, .2% of the

national total. Solar makes up the largest segment with 1,581 jobs, followed by traditional fossil fuel

generation at 129 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

1,962

498

2,043

11,982

873

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 51: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Professional and business services are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power

Generation, with 63.8% of jobs. Other employment represents 12.8% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 498 jobs in District of Columbia, .0% of the national total. Natural gas represent the

largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 159 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

1,581

83 35 114

14 0 134

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

3.0%9.9%

0.1%

10.2%

63.8%

12.8%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 52: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Professional and business services jobs represent 66.2% of fuel jobs in District of Columbia.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in District of Columbia represents 0.2% of the

national total in the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

2

147

159

11 22

45

110

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

0.1%

10.9%

66.2%

22.8%Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 53: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Professional and business services employ the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and

Storage jobs in District of Columbia, with 41% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 11,982 energy efficiency jobs in District of Col. represents .5% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally.

The largest number of these employees work in high efficiency HVAC and renewable heating and cooling

firms, followed by traditional HVAC. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

1,703

88 20

233

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

30.8%

19.8%6.8%

41.0%

1.4%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 54: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 873 jobs in District of Columbia, with the most jobs found in

repair and maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

862

2,371

5,184

386

3,180

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating &

Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

54.8%

0.1%3.3%

41.8%Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

37.7%

10.1%

52.2%

Trade

Professional Services

Repair andMaintenance

Page 55: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very

difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 0.0% 61.5% 34.6% 3.8%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 14.3% 71.4% 14.3% 0.0%

Fuels NA NA NA NA

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles

NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles

NA NA NA NA

Page 56: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Florida Energy and Employment Overview Florida has a low concentration of energy employment, with 118,879 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 20,010 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 49,660 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 49,209 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 3.6% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Florida. The traditional energy sector in Florida is

1.4% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Florida has an additional 108,670 jobs in Energy Efficiency (5% of all energy efficiency jobs nationwide)

and 88,601 in motor vehicles (3.6% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 49,209 workers in Florida, 5.7% of the national total.

Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 15,599 jobs, followed by solar at

11,074 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

49,209

20,010

49,660

108,670

88,601

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 57: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 41.5% of

jobs. Utilities employment represents 30.7% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 20,010 jobs in Florida, 1.8% of the national total. Natural gas represent the largest

segment of fuel-related employment, with 13,873 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

11,074

3,584

132

12,261

3,143

195

18,819

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

30.7%

41.5%

6.8%

9.5%

10.3%1.2%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 58: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Wholesale trade jobs represent 56.7% of fuel jobs in Florida.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Florida represents 3.8% of the national total in

the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

30

2,374

13,873

68

1,741 864 1,060

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

4.5% 2.4%6.7%

56.7%

24.8%

4.9%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 59: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Florida,

with 58.7% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 108,670 energy efficiency jobs in Florida represents 5% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally. The

largest number of these employees work in advanced materials and insulation firms, followed by

ENERGY STAR and efficient lighting. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

40,120

2,179 703

6,658

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

25.0%

58.7%

1.6%

12.2%2.4%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 60: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 88,601 jobs in Florida, with the most jobs found in repair and

maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

28,727

15,123 18,732

32,898

13,190

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

81.5%

4.9%

6.5%

7.1%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

8.2%

20.8%

2.9%

65.1%

2.9%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair andMaintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 61: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 11: Parts Offered by Vehicle Fuel Type

Figure 12: Revenue Attributable to Part for Fuel Economy

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very

difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 16.3% 59.2% 16.3% 8.2%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

28.6% 42.9% 14.3% 14.3%

Energy Efficiency 27.9% 37.2% 34.9% 0.0%

Fuels 35.7% 28.6% 35.7% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles

33.3% 33.3% 33.3% 0.0%

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles

33.3% 33.3% 33.3% 0.0%

5.8%

5.8%

0.0%

5.8%

13.5%

13.5%

32.7%

92.3%

Other

Fuel Cell Vehicles

Hydrogen Vehicles

Natural Gas Vehicles

Electric Vehicles

Plug-In Hyrid Vehicles

Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Gasoline and Diesel Motor Vehicles

11.1%

11.1%

33.3%

44.4%

All of it (100%)

A quarter to almost halfof it (25% to 49%)

Less than a quarter (1%to 24%)

DK/NA

Page 62: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Georgia Energy and Employment Overview Georgia has a low concentration of energy employment, with 58,542 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 8,591 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 37,481 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 12,470 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 1.8% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Georgia. The traditional energy sector in Georgia is

1.4% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Georgia has an additional 57,443 jobs in Energy Efficiency (2.6% of all energy efficiency jobs nationwide)

and 69,188 in motor vehicles (2.8% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 12,470 workers in Georgia, 1.4% of the national total.

Solar makes up the largest segment with 5,261 jobs, followed by traditional fossil fuel generation at

2,536 jobs.

12,470 8,591

37,481

57,443

69,188

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 63: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

Construction are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 28.4% of

jobs. Utilities employment represents 27.6% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 8,591 jobs in Georgia, 0.8% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 4,142 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

5,261

483 731

1,223 944

368

3,459

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

27.6%

28.4%

16.5%

12.8%

12.7%1.9%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 64: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Wholesale trade jobs represent 52.2% of fuel jobs in Georgia.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Georgia represents 2.8% of the national total in

the segment.

5

4,142

429 450

18

1,154

2,392

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol /Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

12.7%

0.8%

9.4%

52.2%

21.0%

3.9%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 65: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Georgia,

with 41.9% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 57,443 energy efficiency jobs in Georgia represents 2.6% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally. The

largest number of these employees work in high efficiency HVAC and renewable heating and cooling

firms, followed by traditional HVAC. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry .

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

27,476

2,281 467

7,257

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

39.3%

41.9%

4.4%

11.5%2.8%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 66: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 69,188 jobs in Georgia, with the most jobs found in repair and

maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

Figure 11: Parts Offered by Vehicle Fuel Type

6,770

10,783

20,511

7,701

11,678

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

67.3%

13.5%

8.9%

10.3%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

35.3%

17.4%1.1%

40.9%

5.2%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 67: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 12: Revenue Attributable to Part for Fuel Economy

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very

difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 10.5% 47.4% 42.1% 0.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

0.0% 22.2% 77.8% 0.0%

Energy Efficiency 33.3% 51.1% 13.3% 2.2%

Fuels 16.7% 58.3% 16.7% 8.3%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles

NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles

NA NA NA NA

20.0%

6.7%

0.0%

13.3%

20.0%

20.0%

6.7%

73.3%

Other

Fuel Cell Vehicles

Hydrogen Vehicles

Natural Gas Vehicles

Electric Vehicles

Plug-In Hyrid Vehicles

Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Gasoline and Diesel Motor Vehicles

22.2%

33.3%

0.0%

44.4%

0.0%

All of it (100%)

Half to most of it (50% to99%)

A quarter to almost halfof it (25% to 49%)

Less than a quarter (1%to 24%)

DK/NA

Page 68: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Hawaii Energy and Employment Overview Hawaii has an average concentration of energy employment, with 16,983 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 5,394 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 4,242 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 7,347 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 0.5% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Hawaii. The traditional energy sector in Hawaii is

2.6% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Hawaii has an additional 5,117 jobs in Energy Efficiency (0.2% of all energy efficiency jobs nationwide)

and 3,729 in motor vehicles (0.2% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 7,347 workers in Hawaii, 0.9% of the national total.

Solar makes up the largest segment with 4,883 jobs, followed by traditional fossil fuel generation at

2,127 jobs.

7,347

5,394

4,242

5,117

3,729

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 69: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

Utilities are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 55.5% of jobs.

Construction employment represents 28.5% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 5,394 jobs in Hawaii, 0.5% of the national total. Other ethanol/non-woody biomass,

including biodiesel represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 2,613 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

4,883

159 - -405

1,723

178

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

4,883

159 - -405

1,723

178

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

Page 70: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Agriculture jobs represent 38.6% of fuel jobs in Hawaii.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Hawaii represents 0.3% of the national total in

the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

59

696

1,121

894

2,613

11 -

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

38.6%

21.7%

15.5%

23.2%

0.9%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 71: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Hawaii,

with 53.1% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 5,117 energy efficiency jobs in Hawaii represents 0.2% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally. The

largest number of these employees work in high efficiency HVAC and renewable heating and cooling

firms, followed by ENERGY STAR and efficient lighting. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the

construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

1,341

541

43

2,317

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

16.8%

53.1%

0.1%

22.9%

7.0% 0.1%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 72: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 3,729 jobs in Hawaii, with the most jobs found in repair and

maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

1,114

203

3,052

248 501

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

85.9%

0.2%3.1%

10.8%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

17.3%

4.7%

74.4%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair andMaintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 73: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very

difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 14.3% 71.4% 0.0% 14.3%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 66.7% 33.3% 0.0% 0.0%

Fuels NA NA NA NA

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles

NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles

NA NA NA NA

Page 74: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Idaho Energy and Employment Overview Idaho has an average concentration of energy employment, with 13,468 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 2,407 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 9,227 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 1,834 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 0.4% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Idaho. The traditional energy sector in Idaho is 2%

of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Idaho has an additional 7,606 jobs in Energy Efficiency (0.3% of all energy efficiency jobs nationwide)

and 10,764 in motor vehicles (0.4% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 1,834 workers in Idaho, 0.2% of the national total.

Wind makes up the largest segment with 829 jobs, followed by solar at 816 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

1,834 2,407

9,227

7,606

10,764

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 75: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 28.9% of

jobs. Professional and business services employment represents 26.3% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 2,407 jobs in Idaho, 0.2% of the national total. Natural gas represents the largest

segment of fuel-related employment, with 1,117 jobs.

816 829

151

18 0 0 20

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

5.2%

28.9%

11.0%

19.7%

26.3%

8.8%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 76: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

Professional and business services jobs represent 37.2% of fuel jobs in Idaho.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Idaho represents 0.7% of the national total in the

segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

2

330

1,117

236

-

306

416

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

27.7%

4.5%

22.5%5.5%

37.2%

2.7%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 77: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Idaho,

with 46.2% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 7,606 energy efficiency jobs in Idaho represents .3% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally. The

largest number of these employees work in high efficiency HVAC and renewable heating and cooling

firms, followed by traditional HVAC. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry .

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

4,714

1,253

21

3,239

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

33.9%

46.2%

1.1%

8.2%

10.2%0.4%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 78: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 10,764 jobs in Idaho, with the most jobs found in repair and

maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

1,039 1,362

4,531

662 13

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

78.3%

3.4%

1.3%

17.0%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

18.7%

24.3%

4.9%

50.0%

2.1%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 79: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very

difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 42.9% 42.9% 14.3% 0.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 30.0% 60.0% 10.0% 0.0%

Fuels NA NA NA NA

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles

NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles

NA NA NA NA

Page 80: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Illinois Energy and Employment Overview Illinois has a low concentration of energy employment, with 110,819 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 32,727 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 49,657 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 28,434 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 3.4% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Illinois. The traditional energy sector in Illinois is

1.9% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Illinois has an additional 83,987 jobs in Energy Efficiency (3.8% of all energy efficiency jobs nationwide)

and 101,310 in motor vehicles (4.2% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 28,434 workers in Illinois, 3.3% of the national total.

Wind makes up the largest segment with 8,321 jobs, followed by traditional fossil fuel generation at

6,905 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

28,434 32,727

49,657

83,987

101,310

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 81: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utilities are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 31.5% of jobs.

Construction employment represents 25.3% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 32,727 jobs in Illinois, 3% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 18,739 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

5,325

8,321

617

3,727

2,660

518

7,266

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

31.5%

25.3%

15.1%

4.4%

21.7%

2.0%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 82: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Manufacturing jobs represent 29.2% of fuel jobs in Illinois.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Illinois represents 3.8% of the national total in

the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

5,336

18,739

1,688

3,116

1,401 262

2,185

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

8.6%

15.7%

29.2%

22.6%

17.5%

6.4%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 83: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Illinois,

with 27.6% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 83,987 energy efficiency jobs in Illinois represents 3.8% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally. The

largest number of these employees work in traditional HVAC firms, followed by high efficiency HVAC and

renewable heating and cooling. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

30,946

2,986 1,250

14,476

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

27.5%

27.6%7.7%

20.9%

15.9%0.4%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 84: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 101,310 jobs in Illinois, with the most jobs found in repair and

maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

11,409

28,774 27,236

7,525 9,043

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

54.2%

23.1%

6.0%

16.7%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

36.6%

17.8%2.3%

39.4%

3.9%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair andMaintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 85: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 11: Parts Offered by Vehicle Fuel Type

Figure 12: Revenue Attributable to Part for Fuel Economy

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very

difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 25.0% 59.4% 12.5% 3.1%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

33.3% 50.0% 16.7% 0.0%

Energy Efficiency 27.5% 37.7% 31.9% 2.9%

Fuels 5.0% 40.0% 55.0% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles

36.4% 36.4% 27.3% 0.0%

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles

23.1% 23.1% 46.2% 7.7%

5.9%

0.0%

0.0%

5.9%

14.7%

14.7%

20.6%

88.2%

Other

Fuel Cell Vehicles

Hydrogen Vehicles

Natural Gas Vehicles

Electric Vehicles

Plug-In Hyrid Vehicles

Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Gasoline and Diesel Motor Vehicles

22.2%

22.2%

22.2%

22.2%

11.1%All of it (100%)

Half to most of it (50% to99%)

A quarter to almost halfof it (25% to 49%)

Less than a quarter (1%to 24%)

DK/NA

Page 86: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Indiana Energy and Employment Overview Indiana has a low concentration of energy employment, with 57,760 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 13,180 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 27,358 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 17,222 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 1.8% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Indiana. The traditional energy sector in Indiana is

2% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Indiana has an additional 52,578 jobs in Energy Efficiency (2.4% of all energy efficiency jobs nationwide)

and 155,953 in motor vehicles (6.4% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 17,222 workers in Indiana, 2% of the national total.

Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 6,873 jobs, followed by wind at

6,250 jobs.

17,222 13,180

27,358

52,578

155,953

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 87: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

Utilities are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 35.8% of jobs.

Construction employment represents 26.2% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 13,180 jobs in Indiana, 1.2% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 5,930 jobs.

3,866

6,250

17

1,378

3,964

1,531

216

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

35.8%

26.2%

23.9%

3.8%

9.8% 0.5%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 88: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

Manufacturing jobs represent 37.5% of fuel jobs in Indiana.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Indiana represents 2.1% of the national total in

the segment.

3,119

5,930

977

2,068

621

133 332

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

9.2%

19.0%

37.5%

21.5%

8.0%4.8%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 89: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

Utilities employ the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Indiana, with

32.2% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 52,578 energy efficiency jobs in Indiana represents 2.4% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally. The

largest number of these employees work in high efficiency HVAC and renewable heating and cooling

firms, followed by traditional HVAC. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

15,144

2,642

489

9,083

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

32.2%

28.6%

10.6%

20.3%

8.3% 0.1%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 90: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 155,953 jobs in Indiana, with the most jobs found in

manufacturing.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

Figure 11: Parts Offered by Vehicle Fuel Type

4,678

12,716

25,143

4,369 5,672

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

62.7%

24.7%

5.8%

6.8%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

73.6%

8.3%

0.5%

13.3%

4.3%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair andMaintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 91: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 12: Revenue Attributable to Part for Fuel Economy

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very

difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 25.0% 66.7% 8.3% 0.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 6.7% 86.7% 6.7% 0.0%

Fuels 12.5% 50.0% 31.3% 6.3%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles

NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles

42.9% 42.9% 14.3% 0.0%

17.6%

11.8%

0.0%

5.9%

5.9%

5.9%

23.5%

76.5%

Other

Fuel Cell Vehicles

Hydrogen Vehicles

Natural Gas Vehicles

Electric Vehicles

Plug-In Hyrid Vehicles

Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Gasoline and Diesel Motor Vehicles

11.1%

33.3%

11.1%

11.1%

33.3%

All of it (100%)

Half to most of it (50% to99%)

A quarter to almost halfof it (25% to 49%)

Less than a quarter (1%to 24%)

DK/NA

Page 92: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Iowa Energy and Employment Overview Iowa has an average concentration of energy employment, with 31,983 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 10,755 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 13,591 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 7,636 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 1% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Iowa. The traditional energy sector in Iowa is 2.1%

of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Iowa has an additional 18,845 jobs in Energy Efficiency (0.9% of all energy efficiency jobs nationwide)

and 37,268 in motor vehicles (1.5% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 7,636 workers in Iowa, 0.9% of the national total. Wind

makes up the largest segment with 3,859 jobs, followed by traditional fossil fuel generation at 2,401

jobs.

7,636

10,755

13,591

18,845

37,268

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 93: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

Utilities are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 39.7% of jobs.

Construction employment represents 33.1% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 10,755 jobs in Iowa, 1% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 4,260 jobs.

745

3,859

13 233

2,140

27

619

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

39.7%

33.1%

12.8%

11.1%2.8% 0.5%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 94: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

Wholesale trade jobs represent 48.3% of fuel jobs in Iowa.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Iowa represents 1% of the national total in the

segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

28

4,260

307

4,197

823

50

1,090

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

12.4%

0.5%

32.2%48.3%

5.2% 1.4%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 95: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Iowa,

with 60% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 18,845 energy efficiency jobs in Iowa represents 0.9% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally. The

largest number of these employees work in high efficiency HVAC and renewable heating and cooling

firms, followed by ENERGY STAR and efficient lighting. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the

construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

9,536

1,022 133

2,901

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

18.3%

60.0%

7.4%

12.2%2.0%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 96: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 37,268 jobs in Iowa, with the most jobs found in

manufacturing.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

6,770

1,116

7,074

1,662 2,224

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

68.4%

17.4%

7.8%

6.4%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

34.6%

21.0%6.1%

29.4%

8.8%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair andMaintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 97: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very

difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 33.3% 50.0% 8.3% 8.3%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 66.7% 33.3% 0.0% 0.0%

Fuels 28.6% 57.1% 14.3% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles

33.3% 55.6% 11.1% 0.0%

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles

NA NA NA NA

Page 98: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Kansas Energy and Employment Overview Kansas has a high concentration of energy employment, with 48,552 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 14,853 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 17,777 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 15,922 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 1.5% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Kansas. The traditional energy sector in Kansas is

3.6% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Kansas has an additional 16,339 jobs in Energy Efficiency (0.7% of all energy efficiency jobs nationwide)

and 21,698 in motor vehicles (0.9% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 15,922 workers in Kansas, 1.8% of the national total.

Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,638 jobs, followed by wind at

1,981 jobs.

15,922 14,853

17,777 16,339

21,698

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 99: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

Professional and business services are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power

Generation, with 59.6% of jobs. Construction employment represents 21.8% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 14,853 jobs in Kansas, 1.4% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 8,467 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

618

1,981

112

4,339

3,070

2,229

3,572

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

13.8%

21.8%

3.3%1.3%

59.6%

0.1%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 100: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Mining and extraction jobs represent 40.6% of fuel jobs in Kansas.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Kansas represents 1.3% of the national total in

the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

272

8,467

3,175

1,318

163 24

1,434

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

3.0%

40.6%

27.1%

19.8%

8.9% 0.7%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 101: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Professional and business services employ the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and

Storage jobs in Kansas, with 53.4% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 16,339 energy efficiency jobs in Kansas represents 0.7% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally. The

largest number of these employees work in ENERGY STAR and efficient lighting firms, followed by

advanced materials and insulation. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

15,284

663 157 1,672

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

12.8%

26.7%

2.9%4.2%

53.4%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 102: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 21,698 jobs in Kansas, with the most jobs found in

manufacturing.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

3,400

1,832

3,214 3,258

4,635

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

46.6%

8.3%3.6%

41.6% Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

36.7%

19.8%3.7%

35.1%

4.7%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair andMaintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 103: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very

difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 20.0% 60.0% 0.0% 20.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 36.4% 63.6% 0.0% 0.0%

Fuels 23.1% 53.8% 23.1% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles

NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles

NA NA NA NA

Page 104: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Kentucky Energy and Employment Overview Kentucky has an average concentration of energy employment, with 46,840 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 20,101 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 21,954 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 4,785 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 1.4% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Kentucky. The traditional energy sector in Kentucky

is 2.5% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Kentucky has an additional 23,681 jobs in Energy Efficiency (1.1% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 78,773 in motor vehicles (3.2% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 4,785 workers in Kentucky, 0.6% of the national total.

Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 2,762 jobs, followed by solar at

1,722 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

4,785

20,101 21,954 23,681

78,773

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 105: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utilities are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 48.1% of jobs.

Manufacturing employment represents 22.8% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 20,101 jobs in Kentucky, 1.9% of the national total. Coal represent the largest segment

of fuel-related employment, with 12,235 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

1,722

- 13

482

2,261

19

287

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

48.1%

6.2%

22.8%

7.3%

15.5%0.1%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 106: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Mining and extraction jobs represent 55.5% of fuel jobs in Kentucky.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Kentucky represents 1.7% of the national total in

the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

12,235

4,198

1,536

449 133 199

1,351

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

4.4%

55.5%

22.0%

5.5%

11.6%1.0%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 107: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in

Kentucky, with 38.5% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 23,681 energy efficiency jobs in Kentucky represents 1.1% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally.

The largest number of these employees work in high efficiency HVAC and renewable heating and cooling

firms, followed by traditional HVAC. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

12,891

786 171

8,106

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

25.1%

38.5%

6.5%

28.7%

1.3%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 108: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 78,773 jobs in Kentucky, with the most jobs found in

manufacturing.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

4,844 5,010

7,690

3,477 2,660

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

49.9%

41.0%

2.7%6.4%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

75.4%

8.8%

0.7%

12.6%

2.5%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 109: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very

difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 37.5% 25.0% 37.5% 0.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 40.0% 40.0% 20.0% 0.0%

Fuels 55.6% 22.2% 22.2% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles

NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles

NA NA NA NA

Page 110: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Louisiana Energy and Employment Overview Louisiana has a high concentration of energy employment, with 113,217 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 73,609 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 32,434 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 7,174 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 3.5% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Louisiana. The traditional energy sector in

Louisiana is 5.9% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Louisiana has an additional 19,657 jobs in Energy Efficiency (0.9% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 18,367 in motor vehicles (0.8% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 7,174 workers in Louisiana, 0.8% of the national total.

Solar makes up the largest segment with 3,648 jobs, followed by traditional fossil fuel generation at

2,072 jobs.

7,174

73,609

32,434

19,657 18,367

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 111: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

Utilities are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 48.1% of jobs.

Construction employment represents 16.8% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 73,609 jobs in Louisiana, 6.8% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 45,123 jobs.

3,648

132 32

1,408

203 461

1,290

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

48.1%

16.8%

14.0%

15.6%

3.3% 2.1%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 112: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

Mining and extraction jobs represent 49.7% of fuel jobs in Louisiana.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Louisiana represents 2.5% of the national total in

the segment.

1,418

45,123

23,604

141 67 589 2,667

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

1.2%

49.7%

9.4%

28.8%

3.5%7.4% 0.1%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 113: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in

Louisiana, with 57.7% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 19,657 energy efficiency jobs in Louisiana represents .9% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally. The

largest number of these employees work in traditional HVAC firms, followed by advanced materials and

insulation. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

23,806

1,053 144

7,431

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

13.5%

57.7%

2.7%

25.7%

0.3%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 114: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 18,367 jobs in Louisiana, with the most jobs found in repair and

maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

3,458

6,827

3,083

4,349

1,941

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

77.4%

7.7%

4.4%

10.4%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 115: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 25.0% 50.0% 25.0% 0.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 42.9% 57.1% 0.0% 0.0%

Fuels 20.0% 35.0% 40.0% 5.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles

NA NA NA NA

5.4%

20.2%

2.4%

62.8%

9.3%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 116: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Maine Energy and Employment Overview Maine has a low concentration of energy employment, with 8,060 Traditional Energy workers statewide.

2,907 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 2,616 work in Transmission, Wholesale Distribution, and

Storage, and 2,537 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 0.2% of the Traditional Energy

jobs across the U.S. are located in Maine. The traditional energy sector in Maine is 1.4% of total state

employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Maine has an additional 8,084 jobs in Energy Efficiency (0.4% of all energy efficiency jobs nationwide)

and 7,773 in motor vehicles (0.3% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 2,537 workers in Maine, .3% of the national total.

Wind makes up the largest segment with 1,234 jobs, followed by solar at 770 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

2,537 2,907

2,616

8,084 7,773

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 117: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Professional and business services are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power

Generation, with 28.6% of jobs. Construction employment represents 28.1% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 2,907 jobs in Maine, .3% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 1,616 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

770

1,234

163 150

2 12

207

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

18.2%

28.1%

11.0%

3.7%

28.6%

10.5%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 118: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Wholesale trade jobs represent 48.9% of fuel jobs in Maine.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Maine represents .2% of the national total in the

segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

2

1,616

92 - -

589 606

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

29.1%

0.1%

14.5%

48.9%

3.1% 4.3%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 119: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utilities employ the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Maine, with

39.8% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 8,084 energy efficiency jobs in Maine represents .4% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally. The

largest number of these employees work in high efficiency HVAC and renewable heating and cooling

firms, followed by traditional HVAC. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

1,547

413

23

633

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

39.8%

35.9%

2.5%

17.0%

4.5%0.4%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 120: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 7,773 jobs in Maine, with the most jobs found in repair and

maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

365 923

3,832

240

2,725

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

79.0%

3.9%

3.1%

14.0%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

8.0%

27.7%

5.7%

55.1%

3.5%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 121: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 11: Parts Offered by Vehicle Fuel Type

Figure 12: Revenue Attributable to Part for Fuel Economy

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 57.1% 28.6% 14.3% 0.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 37.5% 37.5% 25.0% 0.0%

Fuels 16.7% 50.0% 33.3% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles

NA NA NA NA

16.7%

0.0%

0.0%

33.3%

16.7%

33.3%

50.0%

83.3%

Other

Fuel Cell Vehicles

Hydrogen Vehicles

Natural Gas Vehicles

Electric Vehicles

Plug-In Hyrid Vehicles

Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Gasoline and Diesel Motor Vehicles

16.7%

16.7%

50.0%

16.7%

Half to most of it (50% to99%)

A quarter to almost halfof it (25% to 49%)

Less than a quarter (1%to 24%)

DK/NA

Page 122: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Maryland Energy and Employment Overview Maryland has a low concentration of energy employment, with 28,929 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 2,449 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 13,426 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 13,053 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. .9% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Maryland. The traditional energy sector in

Maryland is 1.1% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Maryland has an additional 67,061 jobs in Energy Efficiency (3.1% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 26,507 in motor vehicles (1.1% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 13,053 workers in Maryland, 1.5% of the national total.

Solar makes up the largest segment with 7,279 jobs, followed by traditional fossil fuel generation at

3,834 jobs.

13,053

2,449

13,426

67,061

26,507

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 123: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

Construction are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 39.7% of

jobs. Utilities employment represents 28.5% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 2,449 jobs in Maryland, .2% of the national total. Natural gas represents the largest

segment of fuel-related employment, with 927 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

7,279

630 3

1,369

2,415

51

1,307

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

28.5%

39.7%

5.7%

4.4%

17.2%

4.5%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 124: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Wholesale trade jobs represent 42.9% of fuel jobs in Maryland.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Maryland represents 1.0% of the national total in

the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

731

381

927

88

13 58

252

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

2.6%7.0%

7.0%

42.9%

34.8%

5.7%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 125: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in

Maryland, with 57.1% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 67,061 energy efficiency jobs in Maryland represents 3.1% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally.

The largest number of these employees work in traditional HVAC firms, followed by high efficiency HVAC

and renewable heating and cooling. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

9,488

898 262

2,778

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

29.9%

57.1%

2.4%

5.7%4.4%0.5%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 126: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 26,507 jobs in Maryland, with the most jobs found in repair and

maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

10,481

25,091

18,529

9,420

3,541

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

79.7%

4.4%

3.7%

12.2%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 127: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 21.4% 53.6% 17.9% 7.1%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 37.5% 31.3% 31.3% 0.0%

Fuels NA NA NA NA

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles

NA NA NA NA

3.7%

19.6%

3.0%

71.8%

1.9%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 128: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Massachusetts Energy and Employment Overview Massachusetts has a low concentration of energy employment, with 63,374 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 8,843 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 16,152 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 38,379 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 1.9% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Massachusetts. The traditional energy sector in

Massachusetts is 1.9% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Massachusetts has an additional 80,373 jobs in Energy Efficiency (3.7% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 26,813 in motor vehicles (1.1% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 38,379 workers in Massachusetts, 4.5% of the national

total. Solar makes up the largest segment with 19,635 jobs, followed by traditional fossil fuel generation

at 5,753 jobs.

38,379

8,843

16,152

80,373

26,813

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 129: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

Wholesale trade are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 30.6%

of jobs. Professional and business services employment represent 27.4% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 8,843 jobs in Massachusetts, .8% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil

fuels represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 1,270 jobs.

19,635

1,652 1,738 3,720

1,573 460

9,603

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

11.7%

12.4%

15.7%

30.6%

27.4%

2.2%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 130: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

Wholesale trade jobs represent 55.7% of fuel jobs in Massachusetts.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Massachusetts represents 1.2% of the national

total in the segment.

-

1,270

406 1 104

752

6,310

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

0.9%0.3%

29.4%

55.7%

10.6%3.0%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 131: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in

Massachusetts, with 31.9% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 80,373 energy efficiency jobs in Massachusetts represents 3.7% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationally. The largest number of these employees work in high efficiency HVAC and renewable heating

and cooling firms, followed by traditional HVAC. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the

construction industry.

10,372

1,993

274

3,513

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

30.7%

31.9%

6.4%

18.5%

12.3%0.2%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 132: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 26,813 jobs in Massachusetts, with the most jobs found in

repair and maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

13,554

20,992 22,091

11,220 12,516

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

48.8%

9.4%

12.6%

29.1%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

4.7%

20.3%

1.3%

72.7%

1.0%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 133: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 11: Parts Offered by Vehicle Fuel Type

Figure 12: Revenue Attributable to Part for Fuel Economy

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 17.7% 63.3% 16.5% 2.5%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

28.6% 14.3% 57.1% 0.0%

Energy Efficiency 27.8% 47.2% 25.0% 0.0%

Fuels 42.9% 14.3% 42.9% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles

NA NA NA NA

22.2%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

11.1%

11.1%

66.7%

Other

Fuel Cell Vehicles

Hydrogen Vehicles

Natural Gas Vehicles

Electric Vehicles

Plug-In Hyrid Vehicles

Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Gasoline and Diesel Motor Vehicles

33.3%

16.7%16.7%

33.3%All of it (100%)

Half to most of it (50% to99%)

Less than a quarter (1%to 24%)

DK/NA

Page 134: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Michigan Energy and Employment Overview Michigan has an average concentration of energy employment, with 85,920 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 20,467 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 37,702 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 27,751 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 2.6% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Michigan. The traditional energy sector in Michigan

is 2.1% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Michigan has an additional 87,013 jobs in Energy Efficiency (4.0% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 233,842 in motor vehicles (9.6% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 27,751 workers in Michigan, 3.2% of the national total.

Traditional hydroelectric generation makes up the largest segment with 6,856 jobs, followed by

traditional fossil fuel generation at 6,508 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

27,751 20,467

37,702

87,013

233,842

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 135: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utilities are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 38.0% of jobs.

Manufacturing employment represents 28.2% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 20,467 jobs in Michigan, 1.9% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 4,175 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

5,898

4,559

6,856

2,746

3,694

67

3,930

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

38.0%

16.2%

28.2%

2.7%

14.6%0.3%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 136: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Manufacturing jobs represent 48.7% of fuel jobs in Michigan.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Michigan represents 2.9% of the national total in

the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

82

4,175

1,047 665 44

891

13,564

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

3.9%6.3%

4.0%

48.7%

17.3%

14.8%

5.0%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 137: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utilities employ the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Michigan, with

26.2% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 87,013 energy efficiency jobs in Michigan represents 4.0% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally.

The largest number of these employees work in advanced materials and insulation firms, followed by

ENERGY STAR and efficient lighting. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

16,239

3,517

279

17,666

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

26.2%

25.1%24.2%

9.5%

14.9%0.1%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 138: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 233,842 jobs in Michigan, with the most jobs found in

manufacturing.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

13,111

1,403 4,501

52,847

15,151

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

33.6%

53.2%

3.3%

9.8%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

73.2%

10.0%

0.9%

12.7%

3.2%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 139: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 11: Parts Offered by Vehicle Fuel Type

Figure 12: Revenue Attributable to Part for Fuel Economy

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 25.0% 37.5% 31.3% 6.3%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

50.0% 16.7% 33.3% 0.0%

Energy Efficiency 25.0% 25.0% 45.8% 4.2%

Fuels 42.9% 21.4% 35.7% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles 41.7% 50.0% 8.3% 0.0%

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles

37.5% 25.0% 25.0% 12.5%

13.8%

0.0%

0.0%

10.3%

6.9%

3.4%

13.8%

86.2%

Other

Fuel Cell Vehicles

Hydrogen Vehicles

Natural Gas Vehicles

Electric Vehicles

Plug-In Hyrid Vehicles

Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Gasoline and Diesel Motor Vehicles

14.3%

28.6%57.1%

All of it (100%)

Less than a quarter (1%to 24%)

DK/NA

Page 140: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Minnesota Energy and Employment Overview Minnesota has a low concentration of energy employment, with 43,698 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 9,376 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 23,282 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 11,041 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 1.3% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Minnesota. The traditional energy sector in

Minnesota is 1.6% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Minnesota has an additional 43,808 jobs in Energy Efficiency (2.0% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 33,041 in motor vehicles (1.4% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 11,041 workers in Minnesota, 1.3% of the national

total. Solar makes up the largest segment with 3,800 jobs, followed by traditional fossil fuel generation

at 2,142 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

11,041 9,376

23,282

43,808

33,041

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 141: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 43.5% of

jobs. Utilities employment represents 32.6% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 9,376 jobs in Minnesota, .9% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 6,570 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

3,800

1,966

946

412

1,722

9

2,186

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

32.6%

43.5%

6.9%

7.0%

9.6% 0.4%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 142: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Wholesale trade jobs represent 46.0% of fuel jobs in Minnesota.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Minnesota represents 1.8% of the national total

in the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

201

6,570

360

977

369 277 623

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

7.0%0.4%

35.7%

46.0%

9.7%1.2%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 143: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in

Minnesota, with 50.4% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 43,808 energy efficiency jobs in Minnesota represents 2.0% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally.

The largest number of these employees work in high efficiency HVAC and renewable heating and cooling

firms, followed by ENERGY STAR and efficient lighting. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the

construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

17,860

2,772

165

2,485

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

26.7%

50.4%

6.2%

8.0%

8.8%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 144: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 33,041 jobs in Minnesota, with the most jobs found in repair

and maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

11,361

7,421

12,327

3,832

8,867

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

68.2%

11.1%

7.2%

13.5%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

16.2%

28.5%

3.7%

47.8%

3.7%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 145: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 11: Parts Offered by Vehicle Fuel Type

Figure 12: Revenue Attributable to Part for Fuel Economy

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 29.3% 46.3% 24.4% 0.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

40.0% 60.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Energy Efficiency 39.1% 39.1% 21.7% 0.0%

Fuels 31.4% 48.6% 20.0% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles 60.0% 20.0% 20.0% 0.0%

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles

40.0% 40.0% 20.0% 0.0%

0.0%

7.7%

0.0%

23.1%

23.1%

7.7%

46.2%

100.0%

Other

Fuel Cell Vehicles

Hydrogen Vehicles

Natural Gas Vehicles

Electric Vehicles

Plug-In Hyrid Vehicles

Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Gasoline and Diesel Motor Vehicles

20.0%

60.0%

20.0%

A quarter to almost halfof it (25% to 49%)

Less than a quarter (1%to 24%)

DK/NA

Page 146: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Mississippi Energy and Employment Overview Mississippi has an average concentration of energy employment, with 26,660 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 12,266 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 10,935 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 3,459 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 0.8% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Mississippi. The traditional energy sector in

Mississippi is 2.4% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Mississippi has an additional 15,039 jobs in Energy Efficiency (.7% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 24,922 in motor vehicles (1.0% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 3,459 workers in Mississippi, .4% of the national total.

Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 1,444 jobs, followed by solar at

1,266 jobs.

3,459

12,266 10,935

15,039

24,922

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 147: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

Utilities are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 84.2% of jobs.

Professional and business services employment represent 6.6% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 12,266 jobs in Mississippi, 1.1% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 5,927 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

1,266

103 26

1,302

141

1

620

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

84.2%

0.2%3.6%

5.4%6.6%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 148: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Manufacturing jobs represent 33.2% of fuel jobs in Mississippi.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Mississippi represents .8% of the national total in

the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

533

5,927

2,789

197 407

852

1,562

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

13.3%

28.2%

10.2%

33.2%

5.9%

8.3% 0.9%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 149: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in

Mississippi, with 45.5% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 15,039 energy efficiency jobs in Mississippi represents .7% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally.

The largest number of these employees work in traditional HVAC firms, followed by high efficiency HVAC

and renewable heating and cooling. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

8,394

510 100

1,930

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

34.4%

45.5%

5.5%

13.8%0.8%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 150: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 24,922 jobs in Mississippi, with the most jobs found in

manufacturing.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

991

3,739

2,840

1,879

5,590

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

66.7%

24.1%

4.1%5.1%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

54.5%

14.2%

2.8%

26.0%

2.5%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 151: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation NA NA NA NA

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 50.0% 25.0% 25.0% 0.0%

Fuels 30.8% 30.8% 38.5% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles

NA NA NA NA

Page 152: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Missouri Energy and Employment Overview Missouri has a low concentration of energy employment, with 45,630 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 7,782 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 28,536 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 9,312 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 1.4% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Missouri. The traditional energy sector in Missouri

is 1.7% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Missouri has an additional 37,834 jobs in Energy Efficiency (1.7% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 70,140 in motor vehicles (2.9% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 9,312 workers in Missouri, 1.1% of the national total.

Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 3,246 jobs, followed by solar at

3,148 jobs.

9,312 7,782

28,536

37,834

70,140

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 153: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

Construction are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 38.3% of

jobs. Utilities employment represents 34.6% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 7,782 jobs in Missouri, .7% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 3,206 jobs.

3,148

1,035

293 361

2,856

29

1,591

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

34.6%

38.3%

15.5%

4.6%6.6% 0.3%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 154: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

Manufacturing jobs represent 39. % of fuel jobs in Missouri.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Missouri represents 2.2% of the national total in

the segment.

220

3,206

195

1,940

895

323

1,004

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

4.9% 2.1%

39.0%

42.7%

9.9%1.5%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 155: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Missouri,

with 55.7% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 37,834 energy efficiency jobs in Missouri represents 1.7% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally.

The largest number of these employees work in traditional HVAC firms, followed by high efficiency HVAC

and renewable heating and cooling. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

23,907

941 343

3,344

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

26.6%

55.7%

9.5%

3.3%4.8%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 156: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 70,140 jobs in Missouri, with the most jobs found in

manufacturing.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

3,946

21,523

9,796

1,369 1,201

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

62.8%

19.1%

6.2%

11.9%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

35.7%

15.4%1.5%

28.2%

19.2%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 157: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 11: Parts Offered by Vehicle Fuel Type

Figure 12: Revenue Attributable to Part for Fuel Economy

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 11.8% 58.8% 23.5% 5.9%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 19.4% 48.4% 29.0% 3.2%

Fuels 21.4% 42.9% 28.6% 7.1%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles 42.9% 14.3% 42.9% 0.0%

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles

44.4% 33.3% 22.2% 0.0%

15.8%

10.5%

5.3%

21.1%

21.1%

15.8%

31.6%

73.7%

Other

Fuel Cell Vehicles

Hydrogen Vehicles

Natural Gas Vehicles

Electric Vehicles

Plug-In Hyrid Vehicles

Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Gasoline and Diesel Motor Vehicles

16.7%

33.3%33.3%

16.7%

Half to most of it (50% to99%)

A quarter to almost halfof it (25% to 49%)

Less than a quarter (1%to 24%)

DK/NA

Page 158: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Montana Energy and Employment Overview Montana has a high concentration of energy employment, with 15,043 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 4,929 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 8,890 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 1,224 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 0.5% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Montana. The traditional energy sector in Montana

is 3.4% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Montana has an additional 8,049 jobs in Energy Efficiency (.4% of all energy efficiency jobs nationwide)

and 6,716 in motor vehicles (.3% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 1,224 workers in Montana, .1% of the national total.

Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 518 jobs, followed by traditional

hydroelectric generation at 434 jobs.

1,224

4,929

8,890

8,049

6,716

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 159: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

Utilities are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 29.0% of jobs.

Professional and business services employment represent 26.6% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 4,929 jobs in Montana, .5% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 2,272 jobs.

225

43

434

17

481

20 4

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

29.0%

24.4%3.1%

14.6%

26.6%

2.3%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 160: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

Mining and extraction jobs represent 62.9% of fuel jobs in Montana.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Montana represents .7% of the national total in

the segment.

1,323

2,272

985

3 -

230 116

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

3.8%

62.9%

23.3%

0.9%8.8% 0.2%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 161: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

Wholesale trade employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in

Montana, with 37.7% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 8,049 energy efficiency jobs in Montana represents .4% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally. The

largest number of these employees work in traditional HVAC firms, followed by ENERGY STAR and

efficient lighting. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

5,380

295 37

3,178

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

25.3%

31.9%0.2%

37.7%

4.9%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 162: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 6,716 jobs in Montana, with the most jobs found in repair and

maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

2,119

3,323

1,112 1,210

284

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

81.9%

0.7%0.9%

16.5%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

5.3%

29.6%

7.9%

56.3%

0.9%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 163: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation NA NA NA NA

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 14.3% 42.9% 42.9% 0.0%

Fuels NA NA NA NA

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles

NA NA NA NA

Page 164: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Nebraska Energy and Employment Overview Nebraska has an average concentration of energy employment, with 23,663 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 2,886 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 15,534 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 5,243 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. .7% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Nebraska. The traditional energy sector in

Nebraska is 2.5% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Nebraska has an additional 12,660 jobs in Energy Efficiency (.6% of all energy efficiency jobs nationwide)

and 17,810 in motor vehicles (.7% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 5,243 workers in Nebraska, .6% of the national total.

Solar makes up the largest segment with 2,096 jobs, followed by traditional fossil fuel generation at

1,065 jobs.

5,243

2,886

15,534

12,660

17,810

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 165: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

Utilities are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 48.7% of jobs.

Construction employment represents 30.4% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 2,886 jobs in Nebraska, .3% of the national total. Natural gas represents the largest

segment of fuel-related employment, with 1,426 jobs.

2,096

500

179 263

802

0

1,403

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

48.7%

30.4%

5.3%

10.0%

5.2% 0.4%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 166: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

Wholesale trade jobs represent 54.1% of fuel jobs in Nebraska.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Nebraska represents 1.2% of the national total in

the segment.

-

505

1,426

695

81 21

158

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

14.3%

3.2%

18.6%

54.1%

8.3% 1.5%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 167: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in

Nebraska, with 44.1% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 12,660 energy efficiency jobs in Nebraska represents .6% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally. The

largest number of these employees work in high efficiency HVAC and renewable heating and cooling

firms, followed by traditional HVAC. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

11,150

225 55

4,104

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

34.3%

44.1%

3.4%

14.6%

3.6%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 168: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 17,810 jobs in Nebraska, with the most jobs found in repair and

maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

1,060

2,820

4,054

2,155 2,571

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

71.9%

8.7%

8.7%

10.7%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

36.0%

16.1%2.0%

38.4%

7.5%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 169: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation NA NA NA NA

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

12.5% 12.5% 75.0% 0.0%

Energy Efficiency 33.3% 44.4% 22.2% 0.0%

Fuels 28.6% 64.3% 7.1% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles

NA NA NA NA

Page 170: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Nevada Energy and Employment Overview Nevada has an average concentration of energy employment, with 28,892 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 3,844 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 11,272 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 13,776 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 0.9% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Nevada. The traditional energy sector in Nevada is

2.3% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Nevada has an additional 9,559 jobs in Energy Efficiency (.4% of all energy efficiency jobs nationwide)

and 11,546 in motor vehicles (.5% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 13,776 workers in Nevada, 1.6% of the national total.

Solar makes up the largest segment with 11,192 jobs, followed by traditional fossil fuel generation at

1,499 jobs.

13,776

3,844

11,272

9,559

11,546

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 171: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

Construction are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 46.6% of

jobs. Wholesale trade employment represents 27.6% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 3,844 jobs in Nevada, .4% of the national total. Natural gas represent the largest

segment of fuel-related employment, with 3,341 jobs.

11,192

1 -

1,462

37 0

1,084

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

10.8%

46.6%

2.1%

27.6%

12.0%0.9%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 172: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

Professional and business services jobs represent 62.9% of fuel jobs in Nevada.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Nevada represents .9% of the national total in

the segment.

6

276

3,341

- 60 129 33

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

0.4%5.0%

11.5%

19.4%

62.9%

0.9%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 173: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Nevada,

with 63.6% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 9,559 energy efficiency jobs in Nevada represents .4% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally. The

largest number of these employees work in high efficiency HVAC and renewable heating and cooling

firms, followed by ENERGY STAR and efficient lighting. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the

construction industry.

9,402

504 111

1,255

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

26.1%

63.6%

0.2%6.1%

4.0%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 174: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 11,546 jobs in Nevada, with the most jobs found in repair and

maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

1,570 1,527

3,347

1,847

1,268

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

86.3%

0.8%2.1%

10.8%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

6.3%

19.9%

3.1%

70.6%

0.2%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 175: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 8.3% 41.7% 50.0% 0.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency NA NA NA NA

Fuels NA NA NA NA

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles

NA NA NA NA

Page 176: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

New Hampshire Energy and Employment Overview New Hampshire has a low concentration of energy employment, with 10,130 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 1,141 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 3,344 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 5,645 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 0.3% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in New Hampshire. The traditional energy sector in

New Hampshire is 1.6% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

New Hampshire has an additional 10,869 jobs in Energy Efficiency (.5% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 8,650 in motor vehicles (.4% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 5,645 workers in New Hampshire, .7% of the national

total. Solar makes up the largest segment with 1,594 jobs, followed by traditional fossil fuel generation

at 1,497 jobs.

5,645

1,141

3,344

10,869

8,650

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 177: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

Professional and business services are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power

Generation, with 25.9% of jobs. Manufacturing employment represents 25.8% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 1,141 jobs in New Hampshire, .1% of the national total. Woody biomass represent the

largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 410 jobs.

1,594

1,120

252

708

0

788

1,182

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

23.2%

14.2%

25.8%

10.2%

25.9%

0.6%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 178: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

Wholesale trade jobs represent 46.8% of fuel jobs in New Hampshire.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in New Hampshire represents .3% of the national

total in the segment.

-

381

2 - -

410

348

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

6.9%0.2%

38.7%

46.8%

3.9% 3.4%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 179: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in New

Hampshire, with 37.6% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 10,869 energy efficiency jobs in New Hampshire represents .5% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationally. The largest number of these employees work in high efficiency HVAC and renewable heating

and cooling firms, followed by ENERGY STAR and efficient lighting. Energy Efficiency employment is

found in the construction industry.

2,693

95 33

524

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

35.7%

37.6%

9.0%

13.7%

4.0%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 180: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 8,650 jobs in New Hampshire, with the most jobs found in

repair and maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

2,635 1,988

4,698

339

1,209

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

66.3%

14.0%

5.8%

13.9%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

9.8%

23.6%

6.1%

59.9%

0.6%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 181: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 50.0% 33.3% 16.7% 0.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 42.9% 28.6% 28.6% 0.0%

Fuels NA NA NA NA

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Page 182: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

New Jersey Energy and Employment Overview New Jersey has a low concentration of energy employment, with 59,856 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 15,494 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 23,618 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 20,745 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 1.8% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in New Jersey. The traditional energy sector in New

Jersey is 1.5% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

New Jersey has an additional 31,679 jobs in Energy Efficiency (1.5% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 40,034 in motor vehicles (1.6% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 20,745 workers in New Jersey, 2.4% of the national

total. Solar makes up the largest segment with 9,239 jobs, followed by traditional fossil fuel generation

at 3,134 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

20,745

15,494

23,618

31,679

40,034

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 183: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utilities are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 31.7% of jobs.

Manufacturing employment represents 24.3% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 15,494 jobs in New Jersey, 1.4% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 14,725 jobs.

9,239

500 71

1,355 1,778

1

7,801

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

31.7%

13.5%24.3%

22.1%

4.7%3.7%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 184: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

Manufacturing jobs represent 39.2% of fuel jobs in New Jersey.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in New Jersey represents 1.8% of the national total

in the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

172

14,725

530 12 27 28 -

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

0.6% 1.3%

39.2%

35.2%

17.6%

6.2%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 185: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utilities employ the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in New Jersey,

with 36.5% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 31,679 energy efficiency jobs in New Jersey represents 1.5% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally.

The largest number of these employees work in traditional HVAC firms, followed by ENERGY STAR and

efficient lighting. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

14,375

959 228

8,056

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

36.5%

20.1%4.4%

35.5%

3.2%0.3%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 186: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 40,034 jobs in New Jersey, with the most jobs found in repair

and maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

6,250

9,429

5,817

2,184

7,998

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

64.5%

11.9%

10.3%

13.2%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

4.8%

27.3%

2.2%63.8%

1.8%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 187: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 11: Parts Offered by Vehicle Fuel Type

Figure 12: Revenue Attributable to Part for Fuel Economy

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 18.6% 62.8% 16.3% 2.3%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 22.7% 50.0% 27.3% 0.0%

Fuels NA NA NA NA

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles NA NA NA NA

10.5%

10.5%

0.0%

15.8%

15.8%

15.8%

15.8%

84.2%

Other

Fuel Cell Vehicles

Hydrogen Vehicles

Natural Gas Vehicles

Electric Vehicles

Plug-In Hyrid Vehicles

Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Gasoline and Diesel Motor Vehicles

20.0%

20.0%

20.0%

40.0%

All of it (100%)

A quarter to almost halfof it (25% to 49%)

Less than a quarter (1%to 24%)

DK/NA

Page 188: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

New Mexico Energy and Employment Overview New Mexico has a high concentration of energy employment, with 40,206 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 22,564 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 12,018 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 5,623 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 1.2% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in New Mexico. The traditional energy sector in New

Mexico is 5.0% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

New Mexico has an additional 4,487 jobs in Energy Efficiency (.2% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 9,832 in motor vehicles (.4% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 5,623 workers in New Mexico, .7% of the national

total. Solar makes up the largest segment with 3,916 jobs, followed by wind at 1,038 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

5,623

22,564

12,018

4,487

9,832

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 189: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Manufacturing are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 39.6% of

jobs. Professional and business services employment represent 20.9% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 22,564 jobs in New Mexico, 2.1% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 12,439 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

3,916

1,038

- 92 222 214 142

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

5.9%

19.6%

39.6%

13.3%

20.9%

0.7%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 190: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Mining and extraction jobs represent 86.7% of fuel jobs in New Mexico.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in New Mexico represents .9% of the national total

in the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

1,044

12,439

8,628

64 - 89 300

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

0.5%

86.7%

5.9%0.6%

6.2% 0.1%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 191: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in New

Mexico, with 47.1% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 4,487 energy efficiency jobs in New Mexico represents .2% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally.

The largest number of these employees work in ENERGY STAR and efficient lighting firms, followed by

high efficiency HVAC and renewable heating and cooling. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the

construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

7,548

504 102

3,864

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

27.3%

47.1%

4.2%

16.4%

4.9%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 192: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 9,832 jobs in New Mexico, with the most jobs found in repair

and maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

1,614

671

1,119

634 449

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

73.7%

4.7%

1.2%

20.4%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

2.1%

27.1%

10.7%

59.7%

0.3%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 193: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 15.8% 78.9% 5.3% 0.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

57.1% 28.6% 14.3% 0.0%

Energy Efficiency 16.7% 83.3% 0.0% 0.0%

Fuels 20.0% 26.7% 53.3% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles 0.0% 87.5% 12.5% 0.0%

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Page 194: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

New York Energy and Employment Overview New York has a low concentration of energy employment, with 127,137 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 15,105 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 68,005 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 44,026 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 3.9% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in New York. The traditional energy sector in New

York is 1.4% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

New York has an additional 110,582 jobs in Energy Efficiency (5.1% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 81,724 in motor vehicles (3.4% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 44,026 workers in New York, 5.1% of the national total.

Solar makes up the largest segment with 12,411 jobs, followed by traditional hydroelectric generation at

5,859 jobs.

44,026

15,105

68,005

110,582

81,724

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 195: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

Professional and business services are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power

Generation, with 22.5% of jobs. Utilities employment represents 20.2% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 15,105 jobs in New York, 1.4% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 3,261 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

12,411

2,855

5,859

4,066

253 711

17,871

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

20.2%

19.0%

15.4%

18.1%

22.5%

4.9%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 196: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Wholesale trade jobs represent 30.6% of fuel jobs in New York.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in New York represents 5.2% of the national total in

the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

27

3,261

2,335

359

1,123

1,843

6,157

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

3.0% 3.2%2.0%

29.5%

30.6%

24.1%

7.7%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 197: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utilities employ the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in New York, with

61.9% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 110,582 energy efficiency jobs in New York represents 5.1% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally.

The largest number of these employees work in ENERGY STAR and efficient lighting firms, followed by

high efficiency HVAC and renewable heating and cooling. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the

construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

62,560

1,144 268 4,033

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

61.9%13.6%

3.7%

6.7%

13.1%0.9%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 198: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 81,724 jobs in New York, with the most jobs found in repair and

maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

33,176 29,155

33,142

6,826 8,283

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

46.1%

6.0%5.6%

42.3%Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

14.6%

23.1%

4.7%

56.6%

0.9%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 199: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 11: Parts Offered by Vehicle Fuel Type

Figure 12: Revenue Attributable to Part for Fuel Economy

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 25.3% 56.0% 17.6% 1.1%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

42.1% 36.8% 21.1% 0.0%

Energy Efficiency 23.4% 50.4% 23.4% 2.8%

Fuels 16.7% 33.3% 33.3% 16.7%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles 35.7% 35.7% 28.6% 0.0%

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles 50.0% 25.0% 25.0% 0.0%

7.4%

11.1%

0.0%

16.7%

20.4%

22.2%

37.0%

87.0%

Other

Fuel Cell Vehicles

Hydrogen Vehicles

Natural Gas Vehicles

Electric Vehicles

Plug-In Hyrid Vehicles

Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Gasoline and Diesel Motor Vehicles

13.3%

13.3%

6.7%

33.3%

33.3%

All of it (100%)

Half to most of it (50% to99%)

A quarter to almost halfof it (25% to 49%)

Less than a quarter (1%to 24%)

DK/NA

Page 200: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

North Carolina Energy and Employment Overview North Carolina has a low concentration of energy employment, with 51,317 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 7,349 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 24,916 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 19,052 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 1.6% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in North Carolina. The traditional energy sector in

North Carolina is 1.2% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

North Carolina has an additional 80,971 jobs in Energy Efficiency (3.7% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 69,002 in motor vehicles (2.8% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 19,052 workers in North Carolina, 2.2% of the national

total. Solar makes up the largest segment with 9,535 jobs, followed by traditional fossil fuel generation

at 4,776 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

19,052

7,349

24,916

80,971

69,002

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 201: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Professional and business services are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power

Generation, with 26.8% of jobs. Construction employment represents 24.4% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 7,349 jobs in North Carolina, .7% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 3,088 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

9,535

594 526

2,181 2,115

480

3,621

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

18.4%

24.4%

20.7%

7.4%

26.8%

2.2%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 202: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Wholesale trade jobs represent 48.7% of fuel jobs in North Carolina.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in North Carolina represents 1.9% of the national

total in the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

61

3,088

123 196

1,251

923

1,708

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

9.8%

1.3%

13.3%

48.7%

22.6%

4.3%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 203: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in North

Carolina, with 41.6% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 80,971 energy efficiency jobs in North Carolina represents 3.7% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationally. The largest number of these employees work in ENERGY STAR and efficient lighting firms,

followed by traditional HVAC. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

15,501

1,845 470

7,100

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

19.5%

41.6%

12.0%

7.2%

19.4%

0.2%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 204: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 69,002 jobs in North Carolina, with the most jobs found in

repair and maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

41,066

18,393

10,559 5,924 5,028

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

48.2%

17.8%

5.1%

28.9%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

38.7%

15.6%1.8%

41.7%

2.2%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 205: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 11.3% 60.4% 26.4% 1.9%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

25.0% 37.5% 37.5% 0.0%

Energy Efficiency 43.9% 36.4% 19.7% 0.0%

Fuels 12.5% 37.5% 50.0% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles 37.5% 25.0% 37.5% 0.0%

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Page 206: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

North Dakota Energy and Employment Overview North Dakota has a high concentration of energy employment, with 31,615 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 18,635 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 9,684 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 3,295 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 1.0% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in North Dakota. The traditional energy sector in

North Dakota is 7.7% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

North Dakota has an additional 4,763 jobs in Energy Efficiency (.2% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 9,098 in motor vehicles (.4% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 3,295 workers in North Dakota, .4% of the national

total. Wind makes up the largest segment with 1,740 jobs, followed by traditional fossil fuel generation

at 1,292 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

3,295

18,635

9,684

4,763

9,098

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 207: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utilities are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 48.1% of jobs.

Construction employment represents 28.5% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 18,635 jobs in North Dakota, 1.7% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil

fuels represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 10,774 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

250

1,740

- 39

1,252

1 13

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

48.1%

28.5%

2.1%

19.1%

2.2%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 208: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Mining and extraction jobs represent 79.1% of fuel jobs in North Dakota.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in North Dakota represents .7% of the national total

in the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

1,250

10,774

5,894

675 36 7 -

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

1.6%

79.1%

4.6%

13.8%0.8%

0.2%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 209: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in North

Dakota, with 49.3% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 4,763 energy efficiency jobs in North Dakota represents .2% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally.

The largest number of these employees work in high efficiency HVAC and renewable heating and cooling

firms, followed by traditional HVAC. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

6,790

382 72

2,441

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

21.9%

49.3%

1.1%

26.5%

1.2%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 210: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 9,098 jobs in North Dakota, with the most jobs found in repair

and maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

119 426

3,840

217 161

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

74.5%

3.5%

15.6%

6.4%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

18.8%

27.0%

7.7%

31.0%

15.5%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 211: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation NA NA NA NA

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 50.0% 0.0% 50.0% 0.0%

Fuels 6.3% 50.0% 43.8% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles 0.0% 60.0% 40.0% 0.0%

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Page 212: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Ohio Energy and Employment Overview Ohio has a low concentration of energy employment, with 99,698 Traditional Energy workers statewide.

27,090 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 42,424 work in Transmission, Wholesale Distribution,

and Storage, and 30,184 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 3.1% of the Traditional

Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Ohio. The traditional energy sector in Ohio is 1.9% of total

state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Ohio has an additional 78,764 jobs in Energy Efficiency (3.6% of all energy efficiency jobs nationwide)

and 170,010 in motor vehicles (7.0% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 30,184 workers in Ohio, 3.5% of the national total.

Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 18,978 jobs, followed by solar at

8,350 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

30,184 27,090

42,424

78,764

170,010

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 213: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utilities are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 29.2% of jobs.

Construction employment represents 27.9% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 27,090 jobs in Ohio, 2.5% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 11,707 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

8,350

819 70

2,477

16,376

125

1,967

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

8,350

819 70

2,477

16,376

125

1,967

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

Page 214: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Manufacturing jobs represent 29.0% of fuel jobs in Ohio.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Ohio represents 3.2% of the national total in the

segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

2,157

11,707

8,393

1,039 1,275

321

2,198

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

2.5%

24.0%

1.6%

29.0%

26.5%

11.5%

4.9%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 215: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Ohio,

with 32.2% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 78,764 energy efficiency jobs in Ohio represents 3.6% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally. The

largest number of these employees work in advanced materials and insulation firms, followed by

traditional HVAC. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

32,428

1,778 384

7,835

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

30.4%

32.2%

8.8%

17.1%

11.4%0.2%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 216: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 170,010 jobs in Ohio, with the most jobs found in

manufacturing.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

14,539 16,908

15,182

21,067

11,068

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

61.5%

21.4%

7.8%

9.3%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

62.2%11.7%

2.3%

19.7%

4.1%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 217: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 11: Parts Offered by Vehicle Fuel Type

Figure 12: Revenue Attributable to Part for Fuel Economy

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 33.3% 52.4% 14.3% 0.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

14.3% 71.4% 14.3% 0.0%

Energy Efficiency 30.0% 37.5% 32.5% 0.0%

Fuels 20.0% 40.0% 35.0% 5.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles 40.0% 46.7% 13.3% 0.0%

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles 43.8% 43.8% 12.5% 0.0%

3.5%

5.3%

0.0%

8.8%

15.8%

19.3%

31.6%

96.5%

Other

Fuel Cell Vehicles

Hydrogen Vehicles

Natural Gas Vehicles

Electric Vehicles

Plug-In Hyrid Vehicles

Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Gasoline and Diesel Motor Vehicles

11.1%

11.1%

11.1%

44.4%

22.2% All of it (100%)

Half to most of it (50% to99%)

A quarter to almost halfof it (25% to 49%)

Less than a quarter (1%to 24%)

DK/NA

Page 218: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Oklahoma Energy and Employment Overview Oklahoma has a high concentration of energy employment, with 92,282 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 64,868 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 21,594 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 5,821 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 2.8% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Oklahoma. The traditional energy sector in

Oklahoma is 5.8% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Oklahoma has an additional 12,294 jobs in Energy Efficiency (.6% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 21,466 in motor vehicles (.9% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 5,821 workers in Oklahoma, .7% of the national total.

Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 2,625 jobs, followed by wind at

1,798 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

5,821

64,868

21,594

12,294

21,466

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 219: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utilities are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 48.6% of jobs.

Manufacturing employment represents 19. % of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 64,868 jobs in Oklahoma, 6. % of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 33,856 jobs.

1,016

1,798

381

1,254 1,250

120 -

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

48.6%

16.1%

19.0%

11.4%

3.0%2.0%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 220: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

Mining and extraction jobs represent 67.7% of fuel jobs in Oklahoma.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Oklahoma represents 1.6% of the national total

in the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

405

33,856

27,505

223 1,054 381 1,443

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

0.2%

67.7%

4.2%

18.4%

2.9%6.6%

0.1%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 221: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utilities employ the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Oklahoma,

with 38.8% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 12,294 energy efficiency jobs in Oklahoma represents .6% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally.

The largest number of these employees work in high efficiency HVAC and renewable heating and cooling

firms, followed by traditional HVAC. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

16,932

1,035 156

3,470

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

38.8%

37.1%

5.1%

18.6%

0.4% 0.1%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 222: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 21,466 jobs in Oklahoma, with the most jobs found in repair

and maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

310

1,771

8,994

80 1,139

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

70.6%

12.9%

4.4%

12.0%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

31.2%

18.0%

3.3%

43.4%

4.0%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 223: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 0.0% 33.3% 66.7% 0.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 50.0% 30.0% 20.0% 0.0%

Fuels 17.6% 38.2% 41.2% 2.9%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Page 224: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Oregon Energy and Employment Overview Oregon has a low concentration of energy employment, with 26,705 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 2,516 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 13,970 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 10,220 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 0.8% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Oregon. The traditional energy sector in Oregon is

1.5% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Oregon has an additional 41,869 jobs in Energy Efficiency (1.9% of all energy efficiency jobs nationwide)

and 26,734 in motor vehicles (1.1% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 10,220 workers in Oregon, 1.2% of the national total.

Solar makes up the largest segment with 6,892 jobs, followed by traditional hydroelectric generation at

1,577 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

10,220

2,516

13,970

41,869

26,734

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 225: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Manufacturing are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 39.6% of

jobs. Construction employment represents 20.6% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 2,516 jobs in Oregon, .2% of the national total. Woody biomass represents the largest

segment of fuel-related employment, with 2,080 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

6,892

1,190 1,577

258 39 7 256

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

15.5%

20.6%

39.6%

9.1%

12.2%

3.0%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 226: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Agriculture jobs represent 34.5% of fuel jobs in Oregon.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Oregon represents 1.1% of the national total in

the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

3

317

55 7 49

2,080

5

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

34.5%

0.1%

15.6%18.1%

29.8%

1.9%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 227: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Oregon,

with 54.2% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 41,869 energy efficiency jobs in Oregon represents 1.9% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally. The

largest number of these employees work in high efficiency HVAC and renewable heating and cooling

firms, followed by advanced materials and insulation. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the

construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

7,426

1,922

267

4,355

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

21.5%

54.2%

10.1%

5.1%

8.4% 0.5%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 228: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 26,734 jobs in Oregon, with the most jobs found in repair and

maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

4,474

10,194 10,796 10,531

5,874

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

66.0%

17.5%

3.7%

12.8%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

23.2%

24.8%

2.3%

46.5%

3.2%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 229: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 11: Parts Offered by Vehicle Fuel Type

Figure 12: Revenue Attributable to Part for Fuel Economy

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 24.0% 68.0% 4.0% 4.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 45.8% 54.2% 0.0% 0.0%

Fuels 16.7% 50.0% 33.3% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles 80.0% 0.0% 20.0% 0.0%

16.7%

8.3%

0.0%

33.3%

25.0%

16.7%

16.7%

75.0%

Other

Fuel Cell Vehicles

Hydrogen Vehicles

Natural Gas Vehicles

Electric Vehicles

Plug-In Hyrid Vehicles

Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Gasoline and Diesel Motor Vehicles

25.0%

25.0%

37.5%

12.5%

Half to most of it (50% to99%)

A quarter to almost halfof it (25% to 49%)

Less than a quarter (1%to 24%)

DK/NA

Page 230: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Pennsylvania Energy and Employment Overview Pennsylvania has a low concentration of energy employment, with 103,907 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 50,222 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 37,235 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 16,450 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 3.2% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Pennsylvania. The traditional energy sector in

Pennsylvania is 1.8% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Pennsylvania has an additional 62,431 jobs in Energy Efficiency (2.9% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 81,270 in motor vehicles (3.3% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 16,450 workers in Pennsylvania, 1.9% of the national

total. Solar makes up the largest segment with 4,670 jobs, followed by traditional fossil fuel generation

at 3,575 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

16,450

50,222

37,235

62,431

81,270

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 231: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utilities are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 34.1% of jobs.

Manufacturing employment represents 31.5% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 50,222 jobs in Pennsylvania, 4.6% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil

fuels represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 15,454 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

4,670

2,467

182

2,083

1,270

222

5,556

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

34.1%

9.1%31.5%

18.5%

3.5% 3.3%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 232: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Mining and extraction jobs represent 50.0% of fuel jobs in Pennsylvania.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Pennsylvania represents 2.8% of the national

total in the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

6,528

15,454

8,674

3,419

976 1,356

13,815

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

1.9%

50.0%

28.8%

11.4%

5.2% 2.8%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 233: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utilities employ the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Pennsylvania,

with 40.2% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 62,431 energy efficiency jobs in Pennsylvania represents 2.9% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationally. The largest number of these employees work in traditional HVAC firms, followed by high

efficiency HVAC and renewable heating and cooling. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the

construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

25,932

2,326 341

8,636

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

40.2%

26.1%

7.7%

23.3%

2.4% 0.3%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 234: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 81,270 jobs in Pennsylvania, with the most jobs found in repair

and maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

11,831

16,696 14,078 13,392

6,434

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

59.5%20.1%

9.2%

11.2%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

20.8%

24.7%

3.9%

45.0%

5.6%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 235: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 11: Parts Offered by Vehicle Fuel Type

Figure 12: Revenue Attributable to Part for Fuel Economy

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 20.8% 54.2% 25.0% 0.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 24.0% 48.0% 22.0% 6.0%

Fuels 26.3% 15.8% 57.9% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles 61.5% 23.1% 15.4% 0.0%

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles 40.0% 10.0% 50.0% 0.0%

10.0%

5.0%

0.0%

15.0%

20.0%

12.5%

27.5%

87.5%

Other

Fuel Cell Vehicles

Hydrogen Vehicles

Natural Gas Vehicles

Electric Vehicles

Plug-In Hyrid Vehicles

Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Gasoline and Diesel Motor Vehicles

36.4%

9.1%27.3%

27.3% All of it (100%)

A quarter to almost halfof it (25% to 49%)

Less than a quarter (1%to 24%)

DK/NA

Page 236: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Rhode Island Energy and Employment Overview Rhode Island has a low concentration of energy employment, with 5,885 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 977 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 1,571 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 3,337 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 0.2% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Rhode Island. The traditional energy sector in

Rhode Island is 1.3% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Rhode Island has an additional 10,606 jobs in Energy Efficiency (.5% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 4,936 in motor vehicles (.2% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 3,337 workers in Rhode Island, .4% of the national

total. Solar makes up the largest segment with 1,584 jobs, followed by wind at 1,403 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

3,337

977 1,571

10,606

4,936

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 237: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Wholesale trade are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 34.3%

of jobs. Professional and business services employment represent 30.6% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 977 jobs in Rhode Island, .1% of the national total. Other ethanol/non-woody biomass,

including biodiesel represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 355 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

1,584

1,403

84 152

- 1 114

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

7.2%

15.4%

10.7%

34.3%

30.6%

1.8%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 238: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Wholesale trade jobs represent 57.9% of fuel jobs in Rhode Island.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Rhode Island represents .1% of the national total

in the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

-

302

30

0

355

6

283

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

0.7% 1.6%

28.2%

57.9%

7.0%4.7%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 239: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utilities employ the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Rhode Island,

with 38.8% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 10,606 energy efficiency jobs in Rhode Island represents .5% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally.

The largest number of these employees work in high efficiency HVAC and renewable heating and cooling

firms, followed by traditional HVAC. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

975

125 21

451

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

38.8%

34.3%

3.4%

19.2%

4.3% 0.1%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 240: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 4,936 jobs in Rhode Island, with the most jobs found in repair

and maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

378 1,210

8,381

447 190

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

65.4%5.6%

13.0%

16.0%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

2.4%

21.4%

3.6%

71.6%

1.0%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 241: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 23.1% 30.8% 46.2% 0.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 41.7% 41.7% 16.7% 0.0%

Fuels NA NA NA NA

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Page 242: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

South Carolina Energy and Employment Overview South Carolina has an average concentration of energy employment, with 48,379 Traditional Energy

workers statewide. 5,287 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 14,098 work in Transmission,

Wholesale Distribution, and Storage, and 28,994 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation.

1.5% of the Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in South Carolina. The traditional energy

sector in South Carolina is 2.4% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

South Carolina has an additional 29,756 jobs in Energy Efficiency (1.4% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 51,471 in motor vehicles (2.1% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 28,994 workers in South Carolina, 3.4% of the national

total. Traditional hydroelectric generation makes up the largest segment with 10,504 jobs, followed by

traditional fossil fuel generation at 6,491 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

28,994

5,287

14,098

29,756

51,471

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 243: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utilities are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 47.7% of jobs.

Wholesale trade employment represents 24.7% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 5,287 jobs in South Carolina, .5% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 2,041 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

3,716

1,415

10,504

2,576

3,906

9

6,869

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

47.7%

10.5%

12.8%

24.7%

3.6%0.8%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 244: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Wholesale trade jobs represent 61.4% of fuel jobs in South Carolina.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in South Carolina represents 1.1% of the national

total in the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

27

2,041

822

452 497

1,313

136

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

11.0%

0.8%

13.2%

61.4%

10.8%2.8%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 245: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in South

Carolina, with 38.7% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 29,756 energy efficiency jobs in South Carolina represents 1.4% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationally. The largest number of these employees work in high efficiency HVAC and renewable heating

and cooling firms, followed by advanced materials and insulation. Energy Efficiency employment is

found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

8,832

785 213

4,267

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

24.9%

38.7%

7.7%

27.0%

1.6% 0.1%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 246: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 51,471 jobs in South Carolina, with the most jobs found in

manufacturing.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

781 908

7,760 6,912

13,395

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

54.3%

10.0%

1.7%

24.8%

9.1%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

54.3%

10.0%

1.7%

24.8%

9.1%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 247: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 10.0% 70.0% 20.0% 0.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

0.0% 50.0% 50.0% 0.0%

Energy Efficiency 47.1% 35.3% 17.6% 0.0%

Fuels 44.4% 33.3% 22.2% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Page 248: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

South Dakota Energy and Employment Overview South Dakota has an average concentration of energy employment, with 8,314 Traditional Energy

workers statewide. 2,415 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 3,576 work in Transmission,

Wholesale Distribution, and Storage, and 2,322 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation.

0.3% of the Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in South Dakota. The traditional energy

sector in South Dakota is 2.0% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

South Dakota has an additional 7,202 jobs in Energy Efficiency (.3% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 9,834 in motor vehicles (.4% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 2,322 workers in South Dakota, .3% of the national

total. Wind makes up the largest segment with 1,482 jobs, followed by solar at 632 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

2,322 2,415

3,576

7,202

9,834

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 249: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 43.3% of

jobs. Wholesale trade employment represents 19.7% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 2,415 jobs in South Dakota, .2% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 1,468 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

632

1,482

22 121

53 11 -

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

18.2%

43.3%

12.0%

19.7%

4.3% 2.6%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 250: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Wholesale trade jobs represent 64.9% of fuel jobs in South Dakota.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in South Dakota represents .3% of the national total

in the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

-

1,468

88

349

145 47

318

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

3.3%2.1%

23.3%

64.9%

4.7% 1.8%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 251: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in South

Dakota, with 47.4% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 7,202 energy efficiency jobs in South Dakota represents .3% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally.

The largest number of these employees work in traditional HVAC firms, followed by high efficiency HVAC

and renewable heating and cooling. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

2,585

364

25

603

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

31.5%

47.4%

6.2%

12.5%

2.3% 0.1%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 252: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 9,834 jobs in South Dakota, with the most jobs found in repair

and maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

739

1,987 1,942

647

1,887

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

70.8%

12.0%

11.0%

6.2%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

28.6%

26.5%9.0%

30.3%

5.7%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 253: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation NA NA NA NA

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 27.3% 54.5% 18.2% 0.0%

Fuels 23.1% 38.5% 38.5% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Page 254: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Tennessee Energy and Employment Overview Tennessee has a low concentration of energy employment, with 53,051 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 7,062 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 34,704 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 11,285 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 1.6% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Tennessee. The traditional energy sector in

Tennessee is 1.9% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Tennessee has an additional 50,451 jobs in Energy Efficiency (2.3% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 97,056 in motor vehicles (4.0% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 11,285 workers in Tennessee, 1.3% of the national

total. Traditional hydroelectric generation makes up the largest segment with 5,274 jobs, followed by

solar at 5,085 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

11,285 7,062

34,704

50,451

97,056

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 255: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utilities are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 73.4% of jobs.

Wholesale trade employment represents 9.8% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 7,062 jobs in Tennessee, .7% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 3,332 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

5,085

142

5,274

212 463

28 81

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

73.4%

4.0%

4.1%

9.8%

8.2% 0.5%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 256: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Manufacturing jobs represent 32.8% of fuel jobs in Tennessee.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Tennessee represents 2.6% of the national total

in the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

299

3,332

664

86

1,271

656 754

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

5.1%3.4%

32.8%

28.0%

28.7%

2.0%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 257: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in

Tennessee, with 41.6% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 50,451 energy efficiency jobs in Tennessee represents 2.3% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally.

The largest number of these employees work in high efficiency HVAC and renewable heating and cooling

firms, followed by ENERGY STAR and efficient lighting. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the

construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

20,594

1,008

6,754 6,349

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

36.3%

41.6%

6.4%

14.1%

1.7%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 258: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 97,056 jobs in Tennessee, with the most jobs found in

manufacturing.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

10,440 7,326

19,358

6,189 7,138

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

62.7%

23.5%

6.1%

7.8%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

66.6%

11.3%

1.3%

16.0%

4.8%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 259: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 11: Parts Offered by Vehicle Fuel Type

Figure 12: Revenue Attributable to Part for Fuel Economy

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 23.1% 61.5% 15.4% 0.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 28.2% 46.2% 25.6% 0.0%

Fuels 33.3% 16.7% 50.0% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles 50.0% 33.3% 16.7% 0.0%

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles 16.7% 33.3% 50.0% 0.0%

0.0%

12.5%

0.0%

6.3%

6.3%

25.0%

25.0%

100.0%

Other

Fuel Cell Vehicles

Hydrogen Vehicles

Natural Gas Vehicles

Electric Vehicles

Plug-In Hyrid Vehicles

Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Gasoline and Diesel Motor Vehicles

20.0%

20.0%

40.0%

20.0%

All of it (100%)

A quarter to almost halfof it (25% to 49%)

Less than a quarter (1%to 24%)

DK/NA

Page 260: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Texas Energy and Employment Overview Texas has a high concentration of energy employment, with 583,404 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 333,297 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 201,313 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 48,794 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 17.9% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Texas. The traditional energy sector in Texas is 5. %

of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Texas has an additional 146,722 jobs in Energy Efficiency (6.7% of all energy efficiency jobs nationwide)

and 166,035 in motor vehicles (6.8% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 48,794 workers in Texas, 5.7% of the national total.

Wind makes up the largest segment with 24,374 jobs, followed by solar at 11,729 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

48,794

333,297

201,313

146,722 166,035

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 261: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utilities are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 28.6% of jobs.

Wholesale trade employment represents 25.5% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 333,297 jobs in Texas, 30.8% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 175,457 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

11,729

24,374

1,259

4,911 3,428

445 2,649

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

28.6%

18.3%

17.2%

25.5%

6.3%4.1%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 262: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Mining and extraction jobs represent 56.8% of fuel jobs in Texas.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Texas represents 15.3% of the national total in

the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

5,668

175,457

143,459

1,464 1,441 489 5,318

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

0.3%

56.8%

1.2%

22.2%

6.1%

12.7%0.6%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 263: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Texas,

with 45.1% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 146,722 energy efficiency jobs in Texas represents 6.7% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally. The

largest number of these employees work in ENERGY STAR and efficient lighting firms, followed by high

efficiency HVAC and renewable heating and cooling. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the

construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

154,837

9,639 1,187

35,650

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

22.2%

45.1%

5.6%

25.4%

1.6% 0.1%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 264: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 166,035 jobs in Texas, with the most jobs found in repair and

maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

54,204

25,095 32,329

20,503 14,591

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

66.4%

9.9%

5.7%

18.0%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

23.1%

20.0%

2.3%

49.7%

4.9%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 265: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 11: Parts Offered by Vehicle Fuel Type

Figure 12: Revenue Attributable to Part for Fuel Economy

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 18.4% 46.9% 32.7% 2.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

17.6% 47.1% 29.4% 5.9%

Energy Efficiency 29.8% 42.6% 25.5% 2.1%

Fuels 21.1% 28.1% 50.9% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles 36.4% 9.1% 45.5% 9.1%

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles 25.0% 25.0% 50.0% 0.0%

4.5%

3.0%

0.0%

12.1%

9.1%

10.6%

24.2%

92.4%

Other

Fuel Cell Vehicles

Hydrogen Vehicles

Natural Gas Vehicles

Electric Vehicles

Plug-In Hyrid Vehicles

Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Gasoline and Diesel Motor Vehicles

5.3%

15.8%

10.5%

42.1%

26.3%All of it (100%)

Half to most of it (50% to99%)

A quarter to almost halfof it (25% to 49%)

Less than a quarter (1%to 24%)

DK/NA

Page 266: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utah Energy and Employment Overview Utah has an average concentration of energy employment, with 27,985 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 11,223 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 7,111 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 9,651 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 0.9% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Utah. The traditional energy sector in Utah is 2.0%

of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Utah has an additional 31,074 jobs in Energy Efficiency (1.4% of all energy efficiency jobs nationwide)

and 23,215 in motor vehicles (1.0% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 9,651 workers in Utah, 1.1% of the national total. Solar

makes up the largest segment with 5,894 jobs, followed by traditional fossil fuel generation at 3,015

jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

9,651 11,223

7,111

31,074

23,215

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 267: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Wholesale trade are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 38.4%

of jobs. Construction employment represents 38.1% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 11,223 jobs in Utah, 1.0% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 5,047 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

5,894

318 337

2,147

860

8 87

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

6.9%

38.1%

4.4%

38.4%

11.4%0.8%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 268: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Mining and extraction jobs represent 51.7% of fuel jobs in Utah.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Utah represents .5% of the national total in the

segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

1,566

5,047

2,265

15 - 99

2,231

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

0.4%

51.7%

0.0%

20.5%

8.2%

19.0%

0.2%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 269: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Utah,

with 59.8% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 31,074 energy efficiency jobs in Utah represents 1.4% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally. The

largest number of these employees work in advanced materials and insulation firms, followed by high

efficiency HVAC and renewable heating and cooling. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the

construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

4,228

575

126

2,183

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

17.9%

59.8%

0.9%

15.9%

5.5% 0.1%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 270: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 23,215 jobs in Utah, with the most jobs found in repair and

maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

5,789

2,422

7,000

10,230

5,633

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

80.7%

1.6%

3.9%

13.8%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

27.7%

17.9%

4.2%

46.2%

4.1%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 271: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 18.8% 68.8% 12.5% 0.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 26.7% 46.7% 20.0% 6.7%

Fuels 50.0% 33.3% 16.7% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Page 272: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Vermont Energy and Employment Overview Vermont has an average concentration of energy employment, with 6,135 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 1,233 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 1,824 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 3,078 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 0.2% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Vermont. The traditional energy sector in Vermont

is 2. % of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Vermont has an additional 10,918 jobs in Energy Efficiency (.5% of all energy efficiency jobs nationwide)

and 6,660 in motor vehicles (.3% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 3,078 workers in Vermont, .4% of the national total.

Solar makes up the largest segment with 2,379 jobs, followed by wind at 328 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

3,078

1,233 1,824

10,918

6,660

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 273: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Wholesale trade are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 36.7%

of jobs. Construction employment represents 18.4% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 1,233 jobs in Vermont, .1% of the national total. Woody biomass represents the

largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 635 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

2,379

328

111 - - 4

257

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

10.4%

18.4%

15.5%36.7%

15.2%

3.6%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 274: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Wholesale trade jobs represent 51.1% of fuel jobs in Vermont.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Vermont represents .1% of the national total in

the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

8

273

4 -37

635

277

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

15.8%

25.0%

51.1%

5.8% 2.2%

Agriculture and Forestry

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 275: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utilities employ the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Vermont, with

41.4% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 10,918 energy efficiency jobs in Vermont represents .5% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally. The

largest number of these employees work in high efficiency HVAC and renewable heating and cooling

firms, followed by traditional HVAC. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

1,289

249

18

269

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

41.4%

24.4%

4.8%

18.3%

10.9%0.2%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 276: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 6,660 jobs in Vermont, with the most jobs found in wholesale

trade.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

1,785 2,090

3,234

1,834 1,975

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

48.3%

8.8%

14.0%

28.9%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 277: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 8.0% 76.0% 16.0% 0.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 36.8% 36.8% 23.7% 2.6%

Fuels 11.1% 66.7% 22.2% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles 14.3% 28.6% 57.1% 0.0%

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles NA NA NA NA

8.7%

34.6%

21.2%

33.7%

1.8%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 278: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Virginia Energy and Employment Overview Virginia has a low concentration of energy employment, with 50,467 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 13,588 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 23,843 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 13,036 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 1.5% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Virginia. The traditional energy sector in Virginia is

1.3% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Virginia has an additional 75,552 jobs in Energy Efficiency (3.5% of all energy efficiency jobs nationwide)

and 49,163 in motor vehicles (2.0% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 13,036 workers in Virginia, 1.5% of the national total.

Solar makes up the largest segment with 4,338 jobs, followed by traditional fossil fuel generation at

2,324 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

13,036 13,588

23,843

75,552

49,163

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 279: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 29.7% of

jobs. Utilities employment represents 25.0% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 13,588 jobs in Virginia, 1.3% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 4,343 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

4,338

1,260

496

1,126 916

281

4,617

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

25.0%

29.7%9.0%

4.7%

28.5%

3.3%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 280: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Mining and extraction jobs represent 27.2% of fuel jobs in Virginia.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Virginia represents 1.8% of the national total in

the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

2,647

4,343

2,454

41 42

1,621

2,441

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

4.7%

27.2%

10.3%

26.8%

26.4%

4.5%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 281: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in Virginia,

with 42.0% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 75,552 energy efficiency jobs in Virginia represents 3.5% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally. The

largest number of these employees work in ENERGY STAR and efficient lighting firms, followed by

traditional HVAC. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

11,877

1,109 288

10,569

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

20.5%

42.0%

1.5%

26.8%

9.1% 0.2%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 282: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 49,163 jobs in Virginia, with the most jobs found in repair and

maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

18,943

15,599

12,345 11,050

17,616

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

67.5%

6.1%

3.7%

22.7%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

24.9%

15.7%

1.4%

54.5%

3.4%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 283: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 15.8% 63.2% 21.1% 0.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 37.7% 37.7% 23.4% 1.3%

Fuels NA NA NA NA

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Page 284: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Washington Energy and Employment Overview Washington has a low concentration of energy employment, with 54,515 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 7,583 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 32,354 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 14,578 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 1.7% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Washington. The traditional energy sector in

Washington is 1.7% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Washington has an additional 61,889 jobs in Energy Efficiency (2.8% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 32,401 in motor vehicles (1.3% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 14,578 workers in Washington, 1.7% of the national

total. Solar makes up the largest segment with 5,627 jobs, followed by wind at 3,092 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

14,578

7,583

32,354

61,889

32,401

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 285: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 32.1% of

jobs. Utilities employment represents 17.4% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 7,583 jobs in Washington, .7% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 4,994 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

5,627

3,092

2,460

257 127 71

2,943

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

17.4%

32.1%

16.5%

11.9%

20.9%

1.2%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 286: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Professional and business services jobs represent 36.3% of fuel jobs in Washington.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Washington represents 2.5% of the national total

in the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

280

4,994

153 79 36

1,258

783

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

9.5%1.6%

25.5%

25.8%

36.3%

1.3%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 287: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in

Washington, with 51.9% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 61,889 energy efficiency jobs in Washington represents 2.8% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally.

The largest number of these employees work in traditional HVAC firms, followed by ENERGY STAR and

efficient lighting. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

22,479

3,508

271

6,096

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

26.0%

51.9%

2.9%

9.4%

9.8% 0.1%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 288: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 32,401 jobs in Washington, with the most jobs found in repair

and maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

14,999

18,228

6,173 6,703

15,786

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

72.4%

5.6%

4.9%

17.1%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

13.7%

22.9%

3.8%

57.8%

1.8%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 289: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 11: Parts Offered by Vehicle Fuel Type

Figure 12: Revenue Attributable to Part for Fuel Economy

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 16.0% 56.0% 28.0% 0.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

30.0% 40.0% 30.0% 0.0%

Energy Efficiency 22.2% 50.0% 27.8% 0.0%

Fuels 33.3% 33.3% 33.3% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles 12.5% 50.0% 37.5% 0.0%

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles NA NA NA NA

7.1%

7.1%

0.0%

21.4%

14.3%

14.3%

21.4%

92.9%

Other

Fuel Cell Vehicles

Hydrogen Vehicles

Natural Gas Vehicles

Electric Vehicles

Plug-In Hyrid Vehicles

Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Gasoline and Diesel Motor Vehicles

14.3%

28.6%

14.3%

42.9%

All of it (100%)

Half to most of it (50% to99%)

Less than a quarter (1%to 24%)

DK/NA

Page 290: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

West Virginia Energy and Employment Overview West Virginia has a high concentration of energy employment, with 37,173 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 23,509 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 9,750 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 3,914 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 1.1% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in West Virginia. The traditional energy sector in West

Virginia is 5.4% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

West Virginia has an additional 6,352 jobs in Energy Efficiency (.3% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 10,139 in motor vehicles (.4% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 3,914 workers in West Virginia, .5% of the national

total. Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 2,691 jobs, followed by solar

at 510 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

3,914

23,509

9,750

6,352

10,139

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 291: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utilities are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 67.4% of jobs.

Construction employment represents 17.1% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 23,509 jobs in West Virginia, 2.2% of the national total. Coal represent the largest

segment of fuel-related employment, with 12,690 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

510 460

132 122

2,516

53 121

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

67.4%

17.1%

7.5%

3.7%3.6%0.7%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 292: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Mining and extraction jobs represent 89.9% of fuel jobs in West Virginia.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in West Virginia represents .7% of the national total

in the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

12,690

4,079 3,380

21 - 219

3,119

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

1.0%

89.9%

5.1%

2.7%0.9% 0.3%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 293: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Wholesale trade employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in West

Virginia, with 46.9% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 6,352 energy efficiency jobs in West Virginia represents .3% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally.

The largest number of these employees work in advanced materials and insulation firms, followed by

ENERGY STAR and efficient lighting. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

4,835

579 67

4,269

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

15.7%

35.4%

1.8%

46.9%

0.1%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 294: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 10,139 jobs in West Virginia, with the most jobs found in repair

and maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

1,819

450 878

3,048

157

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

82.3%

9.5%

4.7% 3.5%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

31.2%

23.6%7.8%

35.3%

2.1%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 295: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 11: Parts Offered by Vehicle Fuel Type

Figure 12: Revenue Attributable to Part for Fuel Economy

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 40.0% 20.0% 20.0% 20.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency 25.0% 50.0% 25.0% 0.0%

Fuels 7.7% 46.2% 46.2% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles NA NA NA NA

0.0%

22.2%

22.2%

44.4%

22.2%

22.2%

0.0%

88.9%

Other

Fuel Cell Vehicles

Hydrogen Vehicles

Natural Gas Vehicles

Electric Vehicles

Plug-In Hyrid Vehicles

Hybrid Electric Vehicles

Gasoline and Diesel Motor Vehicles

14.3%

71.4%

14.3%

All of it (100%)

Less than a quarter (1%to 24%)

DK/NA

Page 296: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Wisconsin Energy and Employment Overview Wisconsin has a low concentration of energy employment, with 38,110 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 8,406 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 19,522 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 10,182 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 1.2% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Wisconsin. The traditional energy sector in

Wisconsin is 1.4% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Wisconsin has an additional 62,289 jobs in Energy Efficiency (2.9% of all energy efficiency jobs

nationwide) and 48,332 in motor vehicles (2.0% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 10,182 workers in Wisconsin, 1.2% of the national

total. Solar makes up the largest segment with 4,029 jobs, followed by traditional fossil fuel generation

at 3,422 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

10,182 8,406

19,522

62,289

48,332

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 297: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Utilities are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 34.0% of jobs.

Manufacturing employment represents 24.8% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 8,406 jobs in Wisconsin, .8% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 4,483 jobs.

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

4,029

1,462

114

717

2,692

13

1,154

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

34.0%

24.7%

24.8%

7.0%

9.2% 0.4%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 298: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Manufacturing jobs represent 43.5% of fuel jobs in Wisconsin.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Wisconsin represents 1.5% of the national total

in the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

19

4,483

518

1,381

55

376

1,575

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

6.9%0.3%

43.5%

31.6%

10.9%

6.8%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 299: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Construction employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in

Wisconsin, with 34.9% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 62,289 energy efficiency jobs in Wisconsin represents 2.9% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally.

The largest number of these employees work in ENERGY STAR and efficient lighting firms, followed by

advanced materials and insulation. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

13,347

1,587 215

4,373

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

25.2%

34.9%

16.9%

13.0%

9.9% 0.1%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 300: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 48,332 jobs in Wisconsin, with the most jobs found in

manufacturing.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

25,101

8,045 5,261

22,994

888

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

52.5%

34.7%

7.4%5.4%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

35.9%

20.3%2.7%

35.0%

6.1%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 301: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation 28.6% 42.9% 28.6% 0.0%

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

0.0% 71.4% 28.6% 0.0%

Energy Efficiency 17.6% 64.7% 17.6% 0.0%

Fuels 22.2% 55.6% 22.2% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles 14.3% 85.7% 0.0% 0.0%

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles NA NA NA NA

Wyoming Energy and Employment Overview Wyoming has a high concentration of energy employment, with 31,398 Traditional Energy workers

statewide. 20,342 of these workers are in the Fuels sector, 9,408 work in Transmission, Wholesale

Distribution, and Storage, and 1,648 workers are employed in Electric Power Generation. 1.0% of the

Traditional Energy jobs across the U.S. are located in Wyoming. The traditional energy sector in

Wyoming is 11.7% of total state employment (compared to 2.4% of national employment).

Wyoming has an additional 7,200 jobs in Energy Efficiency (.3% of all energy efficiency jobs nationwide)

and 4,445 in motor vehicles (.2% of all motor vehicle jobs nationwide).

Figure 1. Employment by Major Technology

1,648

20,342

9,408

7,200

4,445

Electric PowerGeneration

Fuels Transmission,Distribution,and Storage

EnergyEfficiency

Motor Vehicles

Page 302: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Technology Breakdown

Electric Power Generation The Electric Power Generation segment employs 1,648 workers in Wyoming, .2% of the national total.

Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 1,358 jobs, followed by solar at

204 jobs.

Figure 2. Electric Power Generation Employment by Sub Technology

Utilities are responsible for most of the employment in Electric Power Generation, with 54.6% of jobs.

Construction employment represents 19.4% of the total.

Figure 3. Electric Power Generation Employment by Industry Sectors

Fuels Fuels account for 20,342 jobs in Wyoming, 1.9% of the national total. Petroleum and other fossil fuels

represent the largest segment of fuel-related employment, with 7,474 jobs.

204

75 11 26

1,330

2 -

Solar ElectricGeneration

Wind ElectricGeneration

TraditionalHydroelectricGeneration

Natural GasGeneration

CoalGeneration

Oil & OtherFossil FuelGeneration

OtherGeneration

54.6%

19.4%

1.4%

17.0%

6.9% 0.9%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Other Services

Page 303: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 4. Fuel Employment by Sub Technology

Mining and extraction jobs represent 90% of fuel jobs in Wyoming.

Figure 5. Fuel Employment by Industry Sectors

6,745

7,474

5,176

3 72 124

747

Coal Oil & OtherPetroleum

Natural Gas Corn Ethanol Other Ethanol/ Non-woody

Biomass

WoodyBiomass

Other Fuels

0.2%

90.0%

8.5%0.3% 1.0%

Agriculture and Forestry

Mining

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 304: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Transmission, distribution, and storage employment in Wyoming represents .7% of the national total in

the segment.

Figure 6. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Sub Technology

Wholesale trade employs the largest percentage of Transmission, Distribution, and Storage jobs in

Wyoming, with 47.4% of jobs statewide.

Figure 7. Transmission, Distribution, and Storage Employment by Industry Sectors

Energy Efficiency The 7,200 energy efficiency jobs in Wyoming represents .3% of all energy efficiency jobs nationally. The

largest number of these employees work in ENERGY STAR and efficient lighting firms, followed by

traditional HVAC. Energy Efficiency employment is found in the construction industry.

Figure 8. Energy Efficiency Employment by Sub Technology

5,171

353 32

3,851

Traditional Transmissionand Distribution

Storage Smart Grid Micro Grid & Other

11.3%

40.4%

0.1%

47.4%

0.7%

Utilities

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Page 305: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Figure 9. Energy Efficiency Employment by Industry Sectors

Motor Vehicles Motor vehicle employment accounts for 4,445 jobs in Wyoming, with the most jobs found in repair and

maintenance.

Figure 10. Motor Vehicle Employment by Industry Sectors

3,094

2,005

995

397 709

Energy Star &Efficient Lighting

Traditional HVAC High Efficiency &Renewable Heating

& Cooling

Advanced Materialsand Insulation

Other

90.5%

0.4%

1.5% 7.5%

Construction

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

3.0%

27.4%

11.9%

53.4%

4.3%

Manufacturing

Trade

Professional Services

Repair and Maintenance

Commodity Flows

Page 306: Alabama Energy and Employment US Energy … · Traditional fossil fuel generation makes up the largest segment with 9,863 jobs, followed by solar at 9,774 jobs. 21,263 1,081 20,417

Workforce Characteristics

Hiring Difficulty Figure 13. Hiring Difficulty by Major Technology

Technology Very difficult Somewhat

difficult Not at all difficult

DK/NA

Electric Power Generation NA NA NA NA

Electric Power Transmission, Distribution, and Storage

NA NA NA NA

Energy Efficiency NA NA NA NA

Fuels 18.2% 45.5% 36.4% 0.0%

Transportation, including Motor Vehicles 60.0% 20.0% 20.0% 0.0%

Component Parts for Transportation Vehicles NA NA NA NA