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Name : Muhammad Sudrajad

NIM : 101211133048

Class : IKM-B 2012

The definition and the scope of organization

The definition of an organization is a socialunit of people, systematically

structured and managed to meet a need or to pursue collective goals on a

continuingbasis. All organizations have amanagementstructure that determines

relationshipsbetweenfunctions andpositions,and subdivides and delegatesroles,

responsibilities, andauthority to carry out defined tasks.Organizations areopen

systems in that they affect and are affected by the environment beyond their

boundaries.

The historical development of an organization is divided into the

organization in prehistoric times, and especially in the era of history the 20th

century, and the modern organization like at the moment. Based on the

periodicity, there are three theories, that are classic theory, neoclassic theory, and

modern theory.

The scope of an organization meaning organization is a detailed

arrangement and coordination. To design and conduct of an organization would

have to understand the scope of the organization. The scope of the organization

include: definition of organization, theory of organization, principle of

organization, kind of organization, structure of organization, and the culture of

organization.

The theory of organization

Organization theory is divided into two, there is closed theory which

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considers that an organization run by elements of the organization itself without

any involvement from outside the organization. Once again there is open theory,

this theory states that in organizations, social factors affect the employees and the

organization itself.

Principle of organization

To achieve the goal of an organization the organization must have a

principle. The principle of organization provides instructions to create efficiency

and effectiveness of the organizational structure. So that all the actors in the

organization better understand and know what the objectives within the

organization. This the principle of organization from Henry fayol. There are

division of labor, authority, discipline, unity of command, unity of direction,

prioritizing the public interest rather than private interests, give salary,

centralization, hierarki, orderly, justice, staff stabilization, initiative, and corps

spirit.

The kind of organization

Type of organization based on legality, consist of:

a. Formal organization is an organization that is officially organized, haveclear goals, and have the deed of establishment.

b. Informal organization based on interrelatedness and mutual trust.c. Non formal organization is the organization formation process occurs

spontaneously, but every individual of the organization has a formal

similarity and relatedness.

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Based on the purpose of organization

Base

d on the structure there are vertical and horizontal organization.

Structure of organization

The organizational structure is shaped to a system of cooperation between

individuals and groups work well because there is division of labor, duties,

obligations, responsibilities, and authorities of each person in it. Basic

organizational structure proposed by Mintzberg

ORGANISASI BISNIS ORGANISASI PUBLIK

Laba Non Laba

Kebijakan pengelola didasari

keinginan untuk dipilih kembali

Didasari motif mendapatkan laba

Memperoleh uang dari pembayar

pajak

Mendapat sebagian uangnya dari

pelanggan

Bersifat demokratis dan terbuka Berpedoman pada hokum pasar

Misinya melakukan kebaikan,

dengan adanya pertimbangan moral

Konsep untung- rugi

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Six Kinds of organizational structure. There are line organization, line and staff

organization, functional organization, project organization, matrix organization,

organizations division.

Principles of organizational development

The purpose of Organizational Development

1. Creating a harmonious working relationship between the leadership with the

staff members of the organization.

2. Creating the ability to solve problems in a more open organization.

3. Creating openness in communication.

4. Build a more effective organization that will continue to learn, adapt and

improve.

Organizational Development Process

1. Initial diagnosis is a process to collect information about the problems thatexist in the company.

2. Data collection is done by survey.

3. Data feedback is done by creating a working group then gathered to

review the data that has been collected to establish the priorities that need

to be changed.

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4. Action planning and problem solving is the act of using existing data to

develop specific recommendations for change. Discussions focused on the

real problem in the organization.

5. Using action planning intervention once completed

6. Evaluate and follow up

Assumptions Underlying Organizational Development

There are organization, human resources, output, relations with the external

environment.

The behavior of organization

The organization is a container within which consists of a group of people

working together to achieve a goal. Organisasion behavior is an applied

behavioral science that is built on contributions from a number of behavioral

disciplines. So some areas of behavioral science knowledge to be part of this

organization, the psychology, sociology, social psychology, anthropology, and

political science. Studying the behavior of organizations that provide benefits to

the human ability to appreciate one's behavior in the organization, to determine

the state of the organization, and to unite members to achieve organizational

goals. In practice, organizational behavior consists of three levels or the level of

individuals, groups and organizations. Levels of organizational behavior as shown

below,

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Differences in Organizational Behavior Models

Autocratic Custodial Supportive Collegial

Dasar

Model

Kekuasaan Sumber daya

ekonomi

Kepemimpin-

an

Kemitraan

Orientasi

manajerial

Wewenang Uang Dukungan Kerja sama

Orientasi

karyawan

Ketaatan Keamanan dan

keuntungan

Kinerja Bertanggung

jawab

Hasil kerja

psikologis

Keter-

gantungan

pada atasan

Ketergantunga

n pada

organisasi

Partisipasi Disiplin diri

Kebutuhan

karyawan

terpenuhi

Penghidupan Keamanan Status dan

pengakuan

Aktualisasi diri

Hasil Minimal Kerja sama Terbangunny Antusiasme

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kinerja pasif a pergerakan moderat

Organizational culture

organizational culture is a value or a way of thinking in an organization

that can affect the organization. As well as the culture of the organization is also a

distinctive identity that differentiates one organization to another organization,

even the culture of the organization is also the belief of everyone in the

organization will be ideological identity that can strengthen both organizations

into existence as a binder or node organization and out as well as identity ability

to adapt to different situations and conditions that can harm or benefit the

organization.

Type of Organizational Culture

The Functions of Organizational Culture

With the culture of the organization is to understand the values, invested, and

committed by organizational culture organizations to provide benefits that are

good for running an organization in order to continue to run a productive and

positive developments every day.

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Formation of cultural organization

The stage of formation or development of organizational culture can be

identified as follows:

1. A (usually the founder) came up with the idea or the idea of a new venture.

2. Founder brings some key people who are thinkers, and creating a core group

who have the same vision as the founders.

3. The core group began a series of actions to create the organization, raise funds,

determine the type and place of business, and others - others relevant.

4. People - people brought into the organization to work together - with founder

and core group, started a history together.

Cultural and organizational effectiveness

As mentioned above organizational culture is a system of values, norms or

rules, philosophies, beliefs and attitudes (behaviors) adopted with the members

(employees) that influence patterns of work and patterns of organizational

management. While the level of precision of the organization is the level of

accuracy of an organization in achieving its goals or something to be desired with

activities utilizing existing resources.

Issues related to culture and organizational effectiveness. Team work usually

influence by the culture from each person in its group. The value of the culture

can measured by Organizational Culture Assessment Instrument (OCAI).