Aishwarya rathod

21
EVOLUTION OF MANAGEMENT THOUGHTS

Transcript of Aishwarya rathod

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EVOLUTION OF MANAGEMENT

THOUGHTS

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A OLD AS HUMAN CIVILIZATION.MANAGEMENT AND HISTORY OF HUMANS DEVELOPMENT IN ORGANISED MANNER.

DEFINITION:

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MANAGEMENT THOUGHTS

CLASSICAL THEORIES

NEO- CLASSICAL THEORIES

MODERN THEORIES

EARLY CONTRIBU

TIONS

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CLASSICAL THEORIES

SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT

ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT

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NEO CLASSICAL THEORIES

HUMAN RELATIONS APPROACH

HUMAN BEHAVIOU

R APPROACH

SOCIAL SYSTEM

APPROACH

DECISION THEORY

APPROACH

MANAGEMENT

SCIENCE APPROACH

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MODERN THEORIE

S

•SYSTEMS APPROACH•CONTINGENCY APPROACH

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SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT

FREDRICK WILSON TAYLOR

BEGINNING OF 20 CENTURY.IMPROVING OPERATIONAL EFFICIENCY.

“concerned with knowing exactly what you want men to do & then see that they do it in the best and cheapest way.”EMPHASISED IN SOLVING MANAGERIAL

PROBLEMS IN SCIENTIFIC WAY.

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TAYLORS CONTRIBUTIONSTOOL AND ELEMENTS PRINCIPLES

SEPERATING PLANNING AND EXECUTION

FUNCTIONAL FOREMANSHIP

JOB ANALYSIS STANARDIZATION SELECTION TRAINING INCENTIVES ECONOMY MENTAL REVOLUTION.

REPLACING THUMB RULE

HARMONY IN GROUPSCOOPERATIONMAXIMUM OUTPUTDEVELOPMENT OF

WORKERS.

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ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT

HENRY FAYOLS

BOOK:~administration industrielle at generale” in french

TRANSLATED IN 1929ALSO CALLED AS OPERATIONAL MANAGEMENT.

Divided approach to 3 parts: manager qualities and training general principles of mngt. elements of mngt.

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PhysicalMentalMoralEducationTechnicalexperience

Qualities of

mngt

PlanningOrganizingCommandingCoordinatingcontrolling

Elements of

mngt

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PRINCIPLES OF MANAGEMENT• Division of work• Authority & responsibility• Discipline• Unity in command• Unity in direction• Fair remmuneration• Centralization• Order• Equity• Stability of tenure• Initiative• Scalar chain

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HUMAN RELATIONS APPROACH

HAWTHRONE

Focus on mechanical barriers to increase efficiency in organisation.

30000 employees of General elecric co.were involved in experiment.

Inspite of material benefits there was great dissatisfaction.

Could not awoke positive results.

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Hawthrone experimentPhases of experiment Inplication of experiments

To determine effect of change in productivity.

Determine effect of change in hours.

Conducting planned wise interviews

Determine and analyse social org. at work.

Social factors in output

Group influencesConflictsLeadershipSupervisionCommunication{not

shared equally}

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HUMAN BEHAVIOURIAL APPROACH

MASLOW; HERZ BERG; MC.GREGOR;MOUNT;SAYLES;TANNENBAUN

Known as behavioural science & human resources approach.

Focus on human resourcesDivided to 2 groupsInterpersonal behavioral approachGroup behavioral approach

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Social system approach wilfred pareto&chester bernard

Features contributions

Extension to human relations approach.

Social systemExternal &internal

environmentCoperation among

groupsEffectiveness of

management

Concept of org.Formal and informal

org.Elements of orgAuthorityFunctions of

executivesMotivationEffectivenessOrg. equilibrium

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DECISION THEORYHERBET SIMON

FEATURES CONTRIBUTIONS

Focus on decision making of manger

Members o mngt are decision makers and problem solvers

Org totally should be a decision center

Quality of decision effects the org. effectiveness.

Concept of org.Bounded rationalityDecision makingAdministrative manOrg. communication

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MANAGEMENT SCIENCE APPROACH.

Visualizes mngt as logical entity.Actions of org is expressed in

terms of mathematical symbols; measurement data.

Focus on mathematical model.Improves mngt discipline and

oderly thinking.

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SYSTEMS APPROACH

Mr.church man west

It is an integrity approach.Involves variations of mutually dependent

variables.Combination of parts { system as universe&

sub systems as stars}.Based on working system divided in 2 groups open system closed system

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Closed system: doesn’t interact with environment, less complex, mechanical in nature, works continuously.

Open system SUB SYSTEMSContinuously interacts

with environment Imports energyOutputCycle of eventsNegative entropyfeedbackDifferentiationStudy state

TECHNICAL SUB SYSTEM

SOCIAL SUB SYSTEMPOWER SUB SYSTEMMANAGERIAL SUB

SYSTEM.

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CONTINGENCY APPROACHALSO CALLED SITUATIONAL APPROACHEXTENSION OF SYSTEM APPROACH

Improves relationship between org. and environment

Mngt act is contingent on actions outside the environment

Org action based on behaviourial actions

Actions vary from situation to situation

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THANK YOUAISHWARYA RATHOD JAIN