AD-A238 013 -

IKE CA UN ITE D STATE SAIR FORCE

OCCUPATIONAL

SUR-EY REPORT

AIRCRAFT LOADMASTER CAREER LADDER

AFSC 114X0

AFPT 90-114-882 ~ ~ -

MAY 1991 L 15 1991,

0 OCCUPATIONAL ANALYSIS PROGRAM

USAF OCCUPATIONAL MEASUREMENT SQUADRONAIR TRAINING COMMAND

RANDOLPH AFB, TEXAS 78150-5000

APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE; DISTRIBUTION UNLIMITED

DISTRIBUTION FORAFSC 114X0 OSR AND SUPPORTING DOCUMENTS

ANL TNG JOBOSR EXT EXT INV

AFMPC/DPMRPQ1 2AFMPC/DPMRAD5 IAL/HRD/ID 1 im Im/lh 1AL/HRD/MODS 2 1m Im IARMY OCCUPATIONAL SURVEY BRANCH 1CCAF/AYX IDEFENSE TECHNICAL INFORMATION CENTER 2DET 4, USAFOMS (SHEPPARD AFB TX) 1 1 1 1HQ AFISC/DAP 2HQ ATC/TTOA 2 1HQ MAC/DPAT 3 3HQ MAC/TTA 1 1HQ USAF/DPPE 1HQ USAF/XOOTW 1 1NODAC IUSAFOMS/OMDQ 1USAFOMS/OMYXL 10 2m 5 10USMC (CODE TE-310) 13700 TCHTW/TTOA (SHEPPARD AFB TX) 4 3 3 23700 TCHTW/TTS (SHEPPARD AFB TX) 1 16517 TESTS/ENS (EDWARDS AFB CA 93523-5000) 1 1 .1

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGENUMBER

PREFACE .. .. ..... ....... ........ ........... V

SUMMARY OF RESULTS .. .. ....... ........ ......... vi

INTRODUCTION .. .. ....... ........ ........ .....

Background .. .. .......... .. ..... ............ 1

SURVEY METHODOLOGY. .. ..... ....... ........ ..... 2

Inventory Development .. .. .... ........ ......... 2Survey Administration .. .. ..... ....... ......... 2Survey Sample. .. .. ....... ....... .......... 3Task Factor Administration .. ... ....... .......... 3Data Processing and Analysis .. .. ........ ......... 6

SPECIALTY JOBS (Career Ladder Structure) .. ... ........ .... 6

Structure Overview. .. .... ........ ............ 7Descriptions of Career Ladder Jobs .. .. ........ ..... 10Comparison of Specialty Jobs .. .. ........ ......... 13Job Structure Comparison to Previous Survey .. .. ... ....... 13

ANALYSIS OF DAFSC GROUPS. .. ..... ....... .......... 15

Skill-Level Descriptions .. .. ........ ............. 15Summary .. .. ..... ....... ....... ......... 19

ANALYSIS OF AFR 39-1 SPECIALTY DESCRIPTIONS .. .. ..... ....... 24

Training Analysis. .. .. ....... ........ ....... 24Training Emphasis and Task Difficulty .. .. .... ......... 24Analysis of First-Enlistment Personnel. .. ...... ....... 25Review of Specialty Training Standard .. .. .... ......... 30Review of Plan of Instruction (POI) .. .. ..... ......... 30

JOB SATISFACTION ANALYSIS .. .. ..... ....... ......... 34

ANALYSIS OF CONUS VERSUS OVERSEAS GROUPS. .. ..... ......... 39

ANALYSIS OF AIRCRAFT GROUPS .. .. .... ........ ........ 42

COMPARISON OF BACKGROUND CHARACTERISTICS. .. ..... ......... 47

IMPLICATIONS. .. ..... ........ ....... ........ 47

TABLE OF CONTENTS(Tables, Figures, Appendices)

PAGENUMBER

TABLE 1 - COMMAND REPRESENTATION OF SURVEY SAMPLE AFSC 114X0. ....... 4TABLE 2 - PAYGRADE DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEY SAMPLE AFSC 114X0. ........ 5TABLE 3 - SELECTED BACKGROUND DATA FOR CAREER LADDER JOBS ... ...... 9TABLE 4 - COMPARISON OF MAJOR JOBS BETWEEN SURVEYS ............. ... 14TABLE 5 - DISTRIBUTION OF 114X0 DAFSC GROUP MEMBERS ACROSS CAREER

LADDER JOBS (NUMBER AND PERCENT RESPONDING) .... ........ 16TABLE 6 - AVERAGE PERCENT TIME SPENT PERFORMING DUTIES BY 114X0 DAFSC

GROUPS ........................................... 17TABLE 7 - REPRESENTATIVE TASKS PERFORMED BY DAFSC 11450 PERSONNEL

(N=479) ...... .... .......................... 18TABLE 8 - REPRESENTATIVE TASKS PERFORMED BY DAFSC 11470 PERSONNEL

(N=681) ....... ........................... .. 20TABLE 9 - REPRESENTATIVE TASKS PERFORMED BY DAFSC 11490/00 PERSONNEL

(N=138) ...... .. .......................... ... 21TABLE 10 - REPRESENTATIVE TASK DIFFERENCES BETWEEN DAFSC 11450 AND

DAFSC 11470 PERSONNEL(PERCENT MEMBERS PERFORMING) . . .. 22TABLE 11 - REPRESENTATIVE TASK DIFFERENCES BETWEEN DAFSC 11470 AND

DAFSC 11490/00 PERSONNEL (PERCENT MEMBERS PERFORMING). . 23TABLE 12 - TASKS RATED HIGHEST IN TRAINING EMPHASIS (TE) FOR 114X0

PERSONNEL (GREATER THAN 1 STANDARD DEVIATION ABOVE THEAVERAGE) . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 26

TABLE 13 - TASKS RATED HIGHEST IN TASK DIFFICULTY (TD) FOR 114X0PERSONNEL (GREATER THAN 1 STANDARD DEVIATION ABOVE THEAVERAGE) ...... ......................... .. 27

TABLE 14 - REPRESENTATIVE TASKS PERFORMED BY AFSC 114X0 FIRST-ENLISTMENT PERSONNEL (1-48 MONTHS TAFMS) ........... .... 28

TABLE 15 - EQUIPMENT USED OR OPERATED BY GREATER THAN 30 PERCENT OFAFSC 114X0 FIRST-ENLISTMENT PERSONNEL (1-48 MONTHS TAFMS)(PERCENT MEMBERS RESPONDING) ....... ............... 31

TABLE 16 - EXAMPLES OF AFSC 114X0 STS ELEMENTS NOT SUPPORTED BY OSRDATA (LESS THAN 20 PERCENT MEMBERS PERFORMING) ... ...... 32

TABLE 17 - EXAMPLES OF TASKS PERFORMED BY 20 PERCENT OF MORE AFSC114X0 GROUP MEMBERS AND NOT REFERENCED TO THE STS ..... ... 33

TABLE 18 - EXAMPLES OF AFSC 114X0 POI ITEMS NOT SUPPORTED BY OSR DATA(PERCENT FIRST ENLISTMENT PERFORMING) .............. .... 35

TABLE 19 - EXAMPLES OF TECHNICAL TASKS WITH GREATER THAN 30 PERCENTMEMBERS PERFORMING AND NOT REFERENCED TO POI 11430-002(PERCENT FIRST ENLISTMENT PERFORMING) .............. .... 36

TABLE 20 - COMPARISON OF JOB SATISFACTION DATA BY 114X0 ANDCOMPARATIVE SAMPLE GROUPS (PERCENT MEMBERS RESPONDING) . 37

TABLE 21 - CURRENT AND PREVIOUS JOB SATISFACTION INDICATORS (PERCENTMEMBERS RESPONDING) .................... 38

TABLE 22 - JOB SATISFACTION DATA BY CAREER LADDER JOBS (PERCENTMEMBERS RESPONDING). . ....... . . . . 40

TABLE 23 - AIRCRAFT QUALIFICATION BY CONUS/OVERSEAS GROUPS (PERCENTMEMBERS RESPONDING) ........ .................... 41

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TABLE 24 - AIRDROP QUALIFICATION ACROSS AIRCRAFT GROUPS (PERCENTMEMBERS RESPONDING) ...... .................... ... 43

TABLE 25 - EXAMPLES OF-EQUIPMENT DIFFERENCES ACROSS AIRCRAFT GROUPS(PERCENT MEMBERS RESPONDING) ... ............. . . 44

TABLE 26 - EXAMPLES OF TASKS DIFFERENTIATING AIRCRAFT GROUPS (PERCENTMEMBERS PERFORMING)...... .... ........ ' .......45

TABLE 27 - RELATIVE PERCENTAGE OF TIME SPENT ON DUTIES BY AIRCRAFTGROUPS ..... .... .......................... ... 46

TABLE 28 - SELECTED BACKGROUND DATA FOR AIRCRAFT GROUPS .... ........ 48TABLE 29 - JOB SATISFACTION AND RELATED DATA FOR AIRCRAFT GROUPS . . 49

FIGURE I - AFSC 114X0 SPECIALTY JOBS (N=1,305) ...... ............ 8FIGURE 2 - 114X0 FIRST-TERM DISTRIBUTION ACROSS SPECIALTY JOBS (N=164) 29

APPENDIX A - SELECTED REPRESENTATIVE TASKS PERFORMED BY CAREER LADDERSPECIALTY JOB GROUPS ..... ... .................. 51

Aaoes-ion For

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PREFACE

This report presents the results of an Air Force Occupational Survey ofthe Aircraft Loadmasters career ladder (AFSC 114X0). Authority for conductingoccupational surveys is contained in AFR 35-2. Computer products upon whichthis report is based are available for use by operations and trainingofficials.

The survey instrument was developed by Captain Marlon K. Gardley,Inventory Development Specialist. Mr Wayne J. Fruge, Computer Programmer,provided computer support for this project. Administrative support was pro-vided by Mr Richard G. Ramos. Capt Terri L. Coccia analyzed the data andwrote the final report. This report has been reviewed and approved byLieutenant Colonel Charles D. Gorman, Chief, Airman Analysis Section, USAFOccupational Measurement Squadron.

Copies of this report are distributed to Air Staff sections, MajorCommands, and other interested training management personnel (see distributionon page i). Additional copies are available upon request to the USAF Occupa-tional Measurement Squadron, Attention: Chief, Occupational Analysis Branch(OMY), Randolph AFB, Texas 78150-5000 (DSN 487-6623).

BOBBY P. TINDELL, Colonel, USAF JOSEPH S. TARTELLCommander Chief, Occupational Analysis BranchUSAF Occupational Measurement USAF Occupational MeasurementSquadron Squadron

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SUMMARY OF RESULTS

1. Survey Coverage: Survey results are based on responses from 1,305Aircraft Loadmaster personnel. This represents 66 percent of all assignedAFSC 114X0 airmen. Incumbents were surveyed across all major using commandsand include 5-, 7-, 9-, and CEM-skill level personnel.

2. Career Ladder Structure: Most AFSC 114X0 personnel performed the fullrange of technical loadmaster functions, regardless of their job. Airdrop wasthe only technical area not included in the jobs of most Aircraft Loadmasters.As loadmasters progressed in skill level and Time in Career Field (TICF), theyacquired supervisory and training responsibilities (e.g., flight examiner,aircrew instructor, supervisor), in addition to their primary aircrew duties.Variations in specialty jobs were a result of aircraft, mission, andseniority-level differences.

3. Career Ladder Progression: The 5-skill level personnel were performingjobs primarily technical in nature, with little responsibility for supervisionand management. The jobs performed by 7-skill level airmen reflect no declinein time spent performing technical tasks, but supervisory responsibilitiesincreased substantially. The 9- and CEM-level personnel still performed tech-nical aircrew duties in addition to supervisory and managerial functions.

4. AFR 39-1 Specialty Descriptions: The descriptions in AFR 39-1 for theAFSC 114X0 Aircraft Loadmaster career ladder provide a broad and accurateoverview of the tasks and duties performed by career ladder incumbents.

5. Training Analysis: The Specialty Training Standard (STS) and Plan ofInstruction (POI) for course J3ABR11430 are supported by OSR data when meas-ured against standard ATC criteria listed in AFR 8-13 and ATCR 52-22. A num-ber of technical tasks performed by noteworthy percentages of people were notreferenced to the STS.

6. Job Satisfaction. Overall, Aircraft Loadmaster respondents are generallysatisfied with their jobs, with the exception of the Ground Support job. Mem-bers in each career ladder job responded with high overall percentages ofsatisfaction across five indicators: "expressed job interest," "perceived useof talents," "perceived use of training," "sense of accomplishment from work,"and "reenlistment intentions." Job satisfaction indicators are higher for theLoadmaster career ladder than for a comparative sample of Aircrew personnelsurveyed in 1989. In addition, all job satisfaction indicators have increasedsince the last OSR in 1983.

7. Implications: Based on survey data, the career ladder job descriptionsand training documents are accurate and sufficient at this time. Overall,this survey did not reveal any serious problems with the AFSC 114X0 specialty.

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OCCUPATIONAL SURVEY REPORTAIRCRAFT LOADMASTER CAREER LADDER

(AFSC 114X0)

INTRODUCTION

This is a report of an occupational survey of personnel in the AircraftLoadmaster career ladder (AFSC 114X0). The last occupational survey of thiscareer ladder was published in May 1983. The present survey was requested byHQ ATC/TTO, Randolph AFB TX. The primary purpose for conducting this surveyis to update the current task list and to provide current data on AFS 114X0personnel utilization and training. The results of this survey will also becompared with loadmaster task requirements of the new C-17 Transport System.

Background

According to AFR 39-1 Specialty Descriptions for AFSC 114X0, dated1 February 1988, Aircraft Loadmaster personnel accomplish loading and offload-ing aircraft functions, and perform preflight and postflight of aircraft andaircraft systems. They also perform loadmaster aircrew functions; computeweight and balance; and ensure safety and security of cargo, mail, and baggageduring flight. They provide for the safety and comfort of passengers andtroops and prepare supplies and equipment for airdrop. In addition, AFSC11470 technicians prepare aircraft loading plans and devise cargo-handling andrestraint techniques. They also supervise aircraft loadmaster activities.The 11490 and Chief Enlisted Manager (CEM) Aircraft Loadmaster members super-intend aircraft loadmaster activities and related functions, including air-craft loading and offloading activities, cargo-handling and restraint, cargoand personnel airdrop, and passenger and troop safety and comfort.

Personnel entering the Aircraft Loadmaster career ladder must attend thebasic loadmaster training course located at Sheppard AFB TX. This is a 19-daycourse that includes a general orientation of Air Force cargo aircraft usingmockup systems. Also, high altitude chamber physiological training and test-ing take place. Upon completion of this course, the student is awarded wingsand the 3-skill level.

To become a line-qualified aircraft loadmaster, an airman must alsoattend an initial qualification course for a specific weapon system. The stu-dent normally receives this aircraft-specific training immediately followinggraduation from the Basic Loadmaster course at Sheppard. Initial qualifica-tion courses include either a 6-week, C-5/C-141 course at Altus AFB OK, or a12-week, C-130 course at Little Rock AFB AR. Upon completion of one of thesecourses, a student is awarded a 5-skill level.

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SURVEY METHODOLOGY

Inventory Development

The data collection instrument for this occupational survey was USAF JobInventory AFPT 90-114-882. A preliminary task list was prepared by the Inven-tory Developer after carefully reviewing previous task lists, current careerladder publications, training documents, and directives to determine theappropriateness of each task. This tentative task list was refined and vali-dated through personal interviews with 27 subject matter experts (SMEs) repre-senting 3 operational bases and 3 training bases. Field interviews atoperational bases were determined based on the recommendation of the MilitaryAirlift Command (MAC) functional manager and the training course supervisors.Bases visited were:

Organization Base Reason for Visit

443 TCHTS/TTSL Altus AFB OK Technical Training3700 TCHTG/BA Sheppard AFB TX Technical Training34 TATG/ID Little Rock AFB AR Tactical Training62 MAW/DOT McChord AFB WA MAC Wing60 MAW/DOT Travis AFB CA MAC Wing317 TAW/DOT Pope AFB NC TAC Wing

This process resulted in a final job inventory containing a list of 387tasks grouped under 13 duty titles and a background section asking for suchinformation as type of aircraft in which current flying duties are performed,present flying qualifications, and present special aircraft qualifications.

Survey Administration

From July through December 1990, Consolidated Base Personnel Offices(CBPO) at operational bases worldwide administered the inventory to all eligi-ble DAFSC 114X0 personnel, holding DAFSCs 11450, 11470, 11490, and 11400.Members eligible for the survey consisted of the total assigned population,excluding the following: (1) hospitalized personnel; (2) members in transi-tion for a permanent change of station; (3) members retiring during the timeinventories were administered to the ladder; and (4) members in the job lessthan 6 weeks. Participants were selected from a computer-generated mailinglist obtained from personnel data tapes maintained by the Armstrong Labora-tory, Human Resources Directorate (AL/HRD).

Each individual who filled out an inventory booklet first completed anidentification and biographical information section and then checked each taskperformed in their current job. Next, members rated these tasks on a 9-pointscale showing relative time spent on each task as compared to all other taskschecked. Ratings ranged from 1 (very small amount of time spent) to 9 (verylarge amount of time spent).

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To determine relative percent time spent for each task checked by arespondent, all of the incumbent's ratings are assumed to account for 100 per-cent of his or her time spent on the job. The rating for each task is dividedby the sum of all the ratings, then multiplied by 100 to provide a relativepercentage of time for each task. This procedure provides the basis for com-paring tasks in terms of both percent members performing and average relativepercent time spent.

Survey Sample

Table 1 displays the MAJCOM distribution of survey respondentscorresponding with the percent of assigned personnel as of August 1989. Since3-skill level personnel are in training, they were not included in this sur-vey. As shown in Table 1, most of the AFSC 114X0 members are assigned to MAC.In addition, Table 2 displays survey respondents across paygrade groups.Approximately 52 percent of sampled AFSC 114X0 personnel are Staff or Techni-cal Sergeants (see Table 2). As illustrated in these tables, the survey sam-ple is representative and comprehensive.

Task Factor Administration

Selected senior personnel completed a second booklet in addition to thejob inventory booklet. This second booklet is used to gather information foreither training emphasis (TE) or task difficulty (TO). The TE and TO bookletsare processed separately from the job inventories and provide task ratinginformation, which is used in a number of different analyses discussed in moredetail in the following sections of this report.

Task Difficulty (TD). Task difficulty is defined as the length of time anaverage airman needs to learn a task. Given this definition, 53 senior tech-nicians rated the difficulty of all the inventory tasks on a 9-point scale(from extremely low to extremely high). A statistical measurement of ratingagreement, known as the interrater reliability, indicated acceptable agreementamong raters as to the relative difficulty of the tasks. TO ratings wereadjusted, so tasks of average difficulty would have ratings of 5.00. Theresulting data are essentially a rank ordering of tasks indicating the degreeof difficulty for each task in the inventory.

Training Emphasis (TE). Training emphasis is a rating of which tasks requirestructured training for first-term personnel. Experienced technicians (pri-mari'y 7-skill level) completing TE booklets were asked to rate tasks on a10-point scale (from no training emphasis to extremely high training empha-sis). Ratings were independently collected from 67 NCOs. The interraterreliability was again found to be acceptable. The average TE rating for thecareer ladder is 2.98, with a standard deviation of 2.13. These data alsoprovide essentially a rank ordering of tasks, whereby those with the highestratings are perceived as most important for structured training.

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TABLE 1

COMMAND REPRESENTATION OF SURVEY SAMPLEAFSC 114X0

PERCENT OF PERCENT OFCOMMAND ASSIGNED* SAMPLE

MAC 98 98

Other 2 2

Total Assigned: 1,968*Total Eligible for Survey: 1,787**Total in Sample: 1,305Percent of Assigned in Sample: 66%Percent of Eligible in Sample: 73%

* Assigned strength as of August 1989** Excludes those in PCS, retirement, discharge, or hospital status; those

with less than 6 weeks on the job; and those holding a 3-skill level DAFSC

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TABLE 2

PAYGRADE DISTRIBUTION OF SURVEY SAMPLEAFSC 114X0

PERCENT OF PERCENT OFPAYGRADE ASSIGNED* SAMPLE

AIRMAN 7 7

E-4 18 15

E-5 27 29

E-6 21 23

E-7 18 18

E-8 5 4

E-9 4 3

* Assigned strength as of August 1989

NOTE: Columns may not add to 100 percent due to rounding

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TE ratings provide objective information which should be used along withtask difficulty and percent members performing data when making training deci-sions. Percent members performing data provide information on how many per-sonnel perform the tasks; TE and TD ratings provide insights on which tasksneed training. Using these factors, in conjunction with appropriate trainingdocuments and directives, career ladder managers can tailor training programsto accurately reflect the needs of the user by more effectively determiningwhen, where, and how to train first-enlistment AFSC 114X0 personnel.

Data Processing and Analysis

Once job inventories are returned from the survey incumbents, taskresponses and background information are optically scanned and entered into aUNISYS 1100 mainframe computer. Computer-generated programs, using Comprehen-sive Occupational Data Analysis Program (CODAP) techniques, are then appliedto the data.

CODAP produces composite job descriptions for respondents based on theirratings of specific inventory tasks. These job descriptions provide informa-tion on percent members performing each task, the relative average percenttime spent performing tasks, and the cumulative percent time spent by all mem-bers performing tasks in the inventory. In addition to the job descriptionsbased upon inventory task data, the program produces summaries that show howmembers of each group responded to each background item. Background items aidin identifying characteristics of the group, such as DAFSCs represented, timein career ladder (TICF), total active federal military service (TAFMS), expe-rience in various functional areas, equipment operated, and job satisfactionlevels.

SPECIALTY JOBS(Career Ladder Structure)

A key aspect of the USAF Occupational Analysis Program is to examine thejob structure of a career ladder. Based on incumbent responses to surveyquestions, the tasks performed by career ladder personnel are examined andjobs are identified based on the similarity of tasks and the relative timethey spend performing the tasks. The resulting job structure is then comparedto official career ladder documents. This information can be used to examinethe accuracy and completeness of career ladder documents (AFR 39-1 SpecialtyDescriptions and Specialty Training Standards) and to gain an understanding ofcurrent utilization patterns.

For this report, the career ladder structure is described in terms ofclusters and independent job types. The job type is the basic unit of jobanalysis. It represents a specific group of individuals performing basicallythe same tasks and spending similar amounts of time on those tasks. When job

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type members perform tasks in common with other groups, they merge to form alarger unit of related jobs termed a cluster. Specialized job types too dis-similar to fit within a cluster are labeled independent job types (IJT).

Structure Overview

The specialty job structure of the Aircraft Loadmaster career ladder wasdetermined by performing a job type analysis of the survey data provided bythe 1,305 survey respondents. The jobs performed by these airmen separatedinto two clusters and four independent job types, as shown in Figure 1. Forthe most part, the survey respondents fell within one of two job categories;namely, the AIRLIFT LOADMASTERS and the AIRDROP-AIRLIFT LOADMASTERS. As awhole, the airmen within each of these two major functional groupings, orclusters, performed very similar jobs. However, several distinct job varia-tions within each cluster were noted.

The two clusters, their variations, and the four IJTs are listed below.The stage (STG) number beside each title is a computer-generated referencenumber. The letter "N" stands for the number of personnel in each group.

I. AIRLIFT LOADMASTERS CLUSTER (STGO83, N=576)

A. Little Rock Instructors (STG261, N=13)B. Airlift Supervisory and Training Loadmasters (STG207,

N=78)C. Airlift Control Element (ALCE) Loadmasters (STG154,

N=36)

II. AIRLIFT/AIRDROP LOADMASTERS CLUSTER (STG076, N=585)

A. Special Operations/Rescue & Recovery Loadmasters(STG114, N=14)

B. Airdrop/Airlift Supervisory and Training Loadmasters(STG413, N=18)

III. SUPERINTENDENT LOADMASTERS IJT (STG061, N=16)

IV. GROUND SUPPORT IJT (STG054, N=7)

V. STAFF PERSONNEL IJT (STG042, N=5)

VI. MANAGERS IJT (STG023, N=7)

Ninety-two percent of the survey respondents are represented in the abovejob groups. The remaining 8 percent performed jobs that did not group withany of the defined jobs. Brief descriptions of each cluster, variation, andIJT are presented below. In addition, Table 3 provides selected backgroundinformation across these jobs, while Appendix A lists common tasks performedby incumbents in these groups.

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Descriptions of Career Ladder Jobs

I. AIRLIFT LOADMASTERS (STGO83, N=576). These 576 airmen accounted fornearly half of the survey sample. Virtually all group members were assignedto MAC and located within the Continental United States (CONUS). The greatmajority were qualified on either the C-5 or C-141 aircraft. On the average,members report performing 167 tasks. Common tasks include:

secure cargo in aircraftload or offload palletized cargocompute entries on DO Forms 365-4 (Weight and Balance

Clearance Form F)load or offload passengersinspect cargo prior to loadingopen or close aft cargo doorsinspect and inventory tie down equipment

Comprised mostly of 7-skill level personnel, these incumbents average 12

years of TAFMS and predominantly hold the rank of E-5.

Within this cluster, three job variations were noted.

A. Little Rock Instructors (STG261, N-1). The Little RockInstructors were a group of C-130 loadmasters who fell within the AirliftLoadmasters cluster, but performed unique training tasks. These loadmasterswere responsible for teaching the C-130-specific technical training conductedat Little Rock AFB AR.

B. Airlift Supervisory and Training Loadmasters (STG207, N-78).The Airlift Supervisory and Training Loadmasters were the most senior membersof the Airlift Loadmasters cluster. A little over half of these personnel areflight examiners or aircrew instructors. Others were first-line supervisors,and a number were performing resource management duties.

The unique characteristic of the job performed by members of this jobtype was the time spent on managerial tasks in addition to primary aircrewduties. The additional supervisory and training responsibilities resulted inan average of 60 additional tasks in comparison to the whole Airlift Loadmas-ters cluster.

C. Airlift Control Element (ALCE) Loadmasters (STG154, N36). TheALCE Loadmasters were a more experienced group of Airlift Loadmasters assignedto a special combat support function. Most members of this job type wereC-141 loadmasters; the remainder were C-130 qualified.

II. AIRLIFT/AIRDROP LOADMASTERS CLUSTER (STG076, N=585). The 585members of this job represent 45 percent of the total survey sample. Theoverall mission of these members is the same as that of the Airlift Loadmas-ters, including load planning, preflight, and actual loading activities. Some

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of the preflight procedures were different from those of the Airlift Loadmas-ters due to aircraft differences and the additional airdrop functions per-formed by the Airdrop-Airlift Loadmaster. Tasks performed inflight also var-ied as a result of the airdrop responsibilities. Tasks representative of theAirdrop-Airlift Loadmasters cluster are displayed in Appendix A. Of the aver-age 202 tasks performed by these incumbents, typical tasks include:

perform cargo airdrop proceduressecure cargo in aircraftinspect extraction systemsinspect airdrop platforms after loadingsecure equipment for descents or landingsperform predrop inspectionsopen or close paratroop doors

Within this cluster, there were two variations. These included SpecialOperations/Rescue and Recovery Loadmasters and Airdrop-Airlift Supervisory andTraining Loadmasters.

A. Special Operations/Rescue & Recovery Loadmasters (STG114, N-14).This group of loadmasters performed many of the same functions as the Airdrop-Airlift Loadmasters, but they stood out in that most of them were HC-130qualified.

B. Airdrop-Airlift Supervisorv and TraininQ Loadmasters (STG413,N=18 . In terms of functions and seniority, the Airdrop-Airlift Supervisoryand Training Loadmasters were comparable to their counterparts in the Airliftcluster. The group consisted mainly of aircrew instructors and flight examin-ers, but also included some first-line supervisors. This group spends a sub-stantial portion of their time in managerial activities.

III. SUPERINTENDENT LOADMASTERS IJT (STG061, N-16). This group of 16airmen comprise I percent of the total survey sample. They primarily performmanagerial duties on MAC aircraft. Of the average 188 tasks performed bythese incumbents, representative tasks include:

determine work prioritiesanalyze workload requirementsevaluate personnel for compliance with performance

standardsinterpret policies, directives, or procedures for

subordinatescounsel personnel on personal or military-related mattersplan work assignmentsdevelop work methods or procedures

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Comprised mostly of 9-skill level personnel, 38 percent of the group islocated overseas. Overall, they have the greatest time in service of all thegroups with an average TAFMS of over 20 years and are predominantly in pay-grade E-8.

IV. GROUND SUPPORT IJT (STG054, N=7). This group of seven airmenperform normal loadmaster duties, but with an emphasis on ground support func-tions (13 percent). These airmen perform an average of 147 tasks. Commontasks include:

rig airdrop platformsrecover equipment and parachutes from drop zonesprepare airdrop loadsrig supply loads for airdropspack cargo parachutesrig and arm parachute release assemblies

This job group is comprised mostly of 5-skill level personnel. Theentire group is located in the CONUS, and 100 percent are MAC assets. Over-all, they have an average TAFMS of almost 12 years and are predominantly inpaygrade E-5.

V. STAFF PERSONNEL IJT (STG042, N=5). The five members in this grouprepresent the most senior level of personnel in the survey sample. As wouldbe expected with such a group, all group members are senior in grade, TICF(they average greater than 17 years), and hold 7- (20 percent), 9- (60 per-cent), and CEM- (20 percent) skill level DAFSCs. With an average of nearly 15years TAFMS, these incumbents devote approximately 45 percent of their timeperforming supervisory, managerial, or administrative functions. They aremembers of MAC (80 percent) and AFSC (20 percent) bases, with 80 percentlocated on bases in the CONUS. Representative tasks of the average 201 tasksperformed by this group include:

compile information for reports or staff studieswrite staff studies, surveys, or special reportsestablish organizational policies, office instructions

(01), or standing operating procedures (SOP)develop work methods or proceduresdetermine work prioritiesplan briefings

VI. MANAGERS IJT (STG023, N-7). The seven members in this grouprepresent an average TAFMS of 238 months and are mostly in paygrade E-7.Seventy-one percent are qualified to a 7-skill level, and the average TAFMS isalmost 20 years. These incumbents devote approximately 57 percent of their

12

time performing organizing-, planning-, inspecting-, evaluating-, training-,and directing-type duties. Seventy-one percent are assigned to CONUS bases.Representative tasks of the average 172 tasks performed by this group include:

direct maintenance or utilization of equipment, supplies,or workspace

determine work prioritiessupervise aircraft loadmaster technicians (AFSC 11470)schedule personnel for schools, temporary duty (TDY)assignments, or nontechnical training

Comparison of Specialty Jobs

Analysis of the AFSC 114X0 career ladder structure indicates that theAFSC 114X0 specialty is basically homogeneous. Jobs identified within theAFSC 114X0 specialty varied in terms of type of aircraft and mission andseniority level of the group members. More experienced loadmasters serve asflight examiners, instructors, supervisors, and staff personnel and, there-fore, assume more managerial responsibilities in addition to their primaryaircrew duties. All AFSC 114X0 personnel perform Loadmaster duties to includeaircraft preflight and inflight functions, loading and offloading the air-craft, load planning, and common aircrew tasks.

Job Structure Comparison to Previous Survey

The results of the specialty job analysis were compared to the previousAircraft Loadmaster career ladder's occupational survey report which was com-pleted in May of 1983 (Report Number: AFPT 90-114-456). Sample size for the1990 survey was larger--1,305 compared to 892 for the 1983 survey.

Table 4 lists the major jobs identified in the 1990 survey and theirequivalent jobs from the 1983 OSR. A review of the jobs performed by the cur-rent sample indicates that most of the 1990 job groups can be matched to simi-lar jobs performed by the loadmasters in the job groups identified in the 1983report. Overall, four of the six current jobs have an equivalent counterpartin the previous study. Two additional jobs were found in the current study.They are Superintendents and Ground Support. Three jobs identified as majorjobs in the 1983 OSR were found to be variations in the 1990 report. Thesewere Little Rock Instructors, Rescue & Recovery, and Rescue & Recovery FlightExaminers & Instructors.

Generally, the AFSC 114X0 career ladder has remained relatively unchangedin terms of basic technical job types and personnel makeup.

13

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14

ANALYSIS OF DAFSC GROUPS

In addition to the analysis of the career ladder structure, anexamination of the jobs and tasks performed at each skill level is helpful inunderstanding the Loadmaster specialty. The DAFSC analysis compares the skilllevels to identify differences in task performance. This information may thenbe used to determine whether personnel are utilized in the manner specified bythe Specialty Description (AFR 39-1) and may serve as a basis for consideringchanges to current utilization policies and training programs.

This study did not examine those airmen holding a DAFSC 11430, as the3-level personnel are currently in training at Sheppard, Altus, or Little RockAFB. Therefore, the first comparison to consider is between the 5- and7-skill level groups. The 9-and CEM-skill levels show little difference andwill be discussed as a single group.

Table 5 of this report displays the distribution of DAFSC group membersacross career ladder jobs. As this table indicates, the 479 members of the5-skill level group are found in 4 of the 6 career ladder jobs, with 92 per-cent of the group found in either the Airlift or the Airdrop-Airlift LIdmas-ters clusters. A large portion of the 7-skill level members is also found inthe Airlift Loadmasters cluster (41 percent) and the Airdrop-Airlift Loadmas-ters cluster (46 percent). Table 6 shows the average percent time spent onduties across both skill-level groups. The 5-skill level members spend alarger portion of their time loading and offloading aircraft, performingground support functions, preparing aircraft for airdrop procedures, and per-forming or practicing abnormal and emergency procedures compared to the7-skill level group (see Table 6). In contrast, the 7-skill DAFSC membersconcentrate more on supervisory duties (A thru D). They also perform slightlymore general administration and supply tasks. The 9- and CEM-skill levels aremainly grouped in the Airlift and Airdrop-Airlift Loadmasters clusters, butwith 6 percent in the Staff Personnel IJT. These skill levels are concen-trated on supervisory duties. Overall, Tables 5 and 6 reflect apparent dif-ferences between these skill-level groups in terms of the jobs and tasksperformed. Further discussion of these data is contained below.

Skill-Level Descriptions

DAFSC 11450. Personnel perform an average of 166 tasks. Of the 479 (37percent of the survey' sample), 230 are members of the Airlift Loadmasterscluster. This accounts for 48 percent of these members. There are 210 ofthese members in the Airdrop-Airlift Loadmasters cluster. Table 6 displaysthe duties where the 11450 members spend most of their time. These duties aretechnical in nature and include performing general administration and supplytasks. Most of these members spend time on tasks such as inspecting emergencyequipment and inspecting aft cargo doors and ramps. A list of representativetasks can be found at Table 7.

15

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17

TABLE 7

REPRESENTATIVE TASKS PERFORMED BYDAFSC 11450 PERSONNEL

(N=479)

PERCENTMEMBERS

TASKS PERFORMING

H210 Inspect and inventory emergency equipment 981270 Open or close aft cargo doors 98J294 Operate interphone systems 98H213 Inspect and inventory tie down equipment 981283 Secure cargo in aircraft 971277 Perform stowaway checks 971258 Inspect cargo prior to loading 961266 Load or offload passengers 96H201 Inspect aft cargo doors and ramps 96H216 Inspect and test oxygen systems 96F154 Operate galley equipment, such as ovens or coffee makers 96F138 Demonstrate to passengers use of life preservers,

parachutes, and oxygen masks 96F139 Fire small arms for qualification 961284 Secure passenger baggage in aircraft 961253 Compute restraint criteria 96H215 Inspect and set lighting in troop or cargo compartments 96H205 Inspect aircraft forms 95H207 Inspect aircraft winches and snatch blocks 95F181 Secure equipment for descents or landings 951247 Compute entries on DD Forms 365-4 (Weight and Balance

Clearance Form F) 95F146 Load crew gear on aircraft 941265 Load or offload palletized cargo 94F147 Maintain flight manuals, safety and operational

supplements, and flight crew checklists 93H206 Inspect aircraft lavatories 92F134 Annotate AFTO Forms 781A (Maintenance Discrepancy and Work

Document) 92H211 Inspect and inventory fleet service equipment 91G188 Determine winch cable configurptions 91G189 Determine winch cable pull 91F151 Operate emergency escape hatches 91G190 Identify safety measures required when loading or

offloading aircraft 91F142 Inspect ramp area for foreign objects 91F145 Instruct extra crew members or passengers on inflight of

ground emergency procedures 91G185 Coordinate aircraft loading or offloading with terminal or

ramp personnel 90

18

DAFSC 11470. The 681 7-skill level personnel (52 percent of the 114X0 surveysample) perform an average of 183 tasks. These airmen supervise an average offour people and spend 55 percent of their time on supervisory and managerialtasks (duties A through E). While many of the 7-skill level personnel aremembers of the Airdrop-Airlift Loadmasters cluster (46 percent), 41 percent ofthese airmen are present in the Airlift cluster (see Table 5). A few are alsomembers of each IJT in this career ladder. Examples of tasks performed bythis group include: counsel personnel on personal or military-related mat-ters, determine work priorities, and plan work assignments. A more completelisting of characteristic tasks for these incumbents can be found in Table 8.

Tasks which best distinguish the 7-skill level personnel from theirjunior counterparts are presented in Table 10. Examples of tasks with thegreatest difference in members performing include supervise Aircraft Loadmas-ters Technicians (AFSC 11470), counsel personnel on personal or military-related matters, evaluate personnel for compliance with performance standards,supervise Aircraft Loadmasters (AFSC 11450), plan work assignments, and com-pile information for reports or staff studies. Though most of the 5-skilllevel tasks are still being accomplished at the 7-skill lev-l, the key differ-ence lies in a greater emphasis on supervisory functions for 7-skill levelairmen.

DAFSC 32490/00. Technical duties still occupy a large portion of these 138senior managers' time. Table 6 shows a slight decrease in time spent on tech-nical duties, along with an increase in managerial functions. Table 11 showsthose tasks which best differentiate the 7-skill levels from personnel at the9- and CEM-skill levels. These primarily involve management-related tasks.Senior career ladder personnel jobs fell within the Superintendent and theStaff Personnel groups, but the largest representation was in the Airlift(N=58) and Airdrop-Airlift (N=53) Loadmasters groups. Representative tasksfor this group are shown in Table 9.

Summary

Career ladder progression within the AFSC 114X0 career ladder is unusualin that personnel at all skill levels performed technical tasks. Even themost senior Loadmasters must at laast periodically serve as primary aircrew tomaintain their flying qualification. All skill-level personnel spend themajority of their job time performing technical tasks. Individuals possessinga 7-skill level begin to add supervisory and managerial functions, with nosubstantial decrease in the number of tasks technical in nature. The 9- andCEM-skill level personnel are still performing technical tasks, but increasethe time spent in supervisory or inspection roles.

19

TABLE 8

REPRESENTATIVE TASKS PERFORMED BYDAFSC 11470 PERSONNEL

(N=681)

PERCENTMEMBERS

TASKS PERFORMING

H210 Inspect and inventory emergency equipment 971283 Secure cargo in aircraft 97H213 Inspect and inventory tie down equipment 97H215 Inspect and set lighting in troop or cargo compartments 96H216 Inspect and test oxygen systems 96H201 Inspect aft cargo doors and ramps 961247 Compute entries on DD Forms 365-4 (Weight and Balance

Clearance Form F) 961284 Secure passenger baggage in aircraft 961266 Load or offload passengers 961258 Inspect cargo prior to loading 96J294 Operate interphone systems 96F139 Fire small arms for qualification 95H244 Test public address systems 951246 Brief loading crews concerning loading or offloading

operations 951262 Load or offload nonpalletized cargo 951270 Open or close aft cargo doors 951277 Perform stowaway checks 95H205 Inspect aircraft forms 94H207 Inspect aircraft winches and snatch blocks 941265 Load or offload palletized cargo 941275 Perform engine running loading or offloading of cargo 941285 Verify suitability and compatibility of cargo being loaded 94J295 Operate public address systems 94F138 Demonstrate to passengers use of life preservers,

parachutes, and oxygen masks 93F145 Instruct extra crew members or passengers on inflight of

ground emergency procedures 93F154 Operate galley equipment, such as ovens or coffee makers 92F181 Secure equipment for descents or landings 92F147 Maintain flight manuals, safety an operational

supplements, and flight crew checklists 92F134 Annotate AFTO Forms 781A (Maintenance Discrepancy and Work

Document) 92H211 Inspect and inventory fleet service equipment 91G190 Identify safety measures required when loading or

offloading aircraft 90F142 Inspect ramp area for foreign objects 91G185 Coordinate aircraft loading or offloading with terminal or

ramp personnel 91F146 Load crew gear on aircraft 90

20

TABLE 9

REPRESENTATIVE TASKS PERFORMED BYDAFSC 11490/00 PERSONNEL

(N=138)

PERCENTMEMBERS

TASKS PERFORMING

1277 Perform stowaway checks 971258 Inspect cargo prior to loading 961282 Review cargo documentation 961266 Load or offload passengers 961283 Secure cargo in aircraft 961247 Compute entries on DD Forms 365-4 (Weight and Balance

Clearance Form F) 961285 Brief loading crews concerning loading or offloading

operations 961253 Compute restraint criteria 96H210 Inspect and inventory emergency equipment 961270 Open or close aft cargo doors 951259 Inspect vehicles prior to loading 95J294 Operate interphone systems 951284 Secure passenger baggage in aircraft 951267 Load or offload rolling stock 951265 Load or offload palletized cargo 94F181 Secure equipment for descents or landings 94F147 Maintain flight manuals, safety and operational

supplements, and flight crew checklists 941278 Raise or lower cargo ramps 921250 Compute load distribution using hand held electronic

calculators 89A4 Determine work priorities 85B43 Interpret policies, directives, or procedures for

subordinates 83A9 Establish organizational policies, office instructions

(01), or standing operating procedures (SOP) 80A6 Develop work methods or procedures 79B38 Implement policies, directives, or procedures for

Loadmasters 77C64 Evaluate personnel for compliance with performance 76B30 Compile information for reports or staff studies 75B32 Counsel personnel on personal or military-related matters 75C51 Analyze workload requirements 70

21

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23

ANALYSIS OF AFR 39-1 SPECIALTY DESCRIPTIONS

The results of the skill level and job structure analysis were comparedwith the AFR 39-1 Specialty Descriptions, dated 1 February 1988, for the Air-craft Loadmasters. The descriptions in AFR 39-1 describe in broad terms thetasks and duties performed by members of the various skill-level groups of acareer ladder.

Broad descriptions in the AFR 39-1 section for AFSC 114X0 personnelaccurately reflect actual personnel utilization in the field. The descrip-tions depict the technical aspects of the job, as well as the major jobsidentified in the work structure analysis.

Training Analysis

Occupational survey data provide one of several sources of informationwhich can be used to make training programs more relevant and meaningful tostudents. The three most commonly used types of occupational survey informa-tion are: (1) the percent of first-enlistment (1-48 months TAFMS) or first-job (1-24 months TAFMS) personnel performing tasks covered in the jobinventory, (2) ratings of relative difficulty of tasks, and (3) the ratings ofrelative emphasis which should be placed on tasks for first-enlistment train-ing. These data can be used in examining training documents such as the Spe-cialty Training Standard (STS) and the Plan of Instruction (POI).

To aid in the examination of the AFSC 114X0 specialty training documents,personnel from the initial training course at Sheppard AFB, TX, assisted inmatching job inventory tasks to appropriate sections of the STS and the POI.With these matchings, comparisons of survey data to the training documentswere accomplished. A complete computer listing displaying percent membersperforming tasks, training emphasis, and TO ratings for each task, along withSTS and POI matchings, has been forwarded to the technical school for its usein further detailed reviews of training documents.

Training Emphasis and Task Difficulty

Training Emphasis (TE) and Task Difficulty (TD) ratings are factors thatcan assist technical school personnel in deciding what tasks should be empha-sized in entry-level training. TE ratings provided by career ladder subject-matter experts (SME) yielded an average rating of 2.98, with a standarddeviation of 2.13. Therefore, tasks having a rating of 5.11 (average TE + 1standard deviation), or better, are considered highly recommended for struc-tured training. TD ratings were adjusted to an average of 5.00 and a standarddeviation of 1.00. Tasks with ratings of 3.00 or better are perceived as dif-ficult enough to warrant centralized training. For a complete discussion ofTE and TD, please refer to the Task Factor Administration section of thisreport.

24

Tasks having the highest TE ratings are listed in Table 12. This tableincludes for each task the percentage of total first-job and first-enlistmentpersonnel performing and the TD rating. As illustrated in Table 12, thesetasks pertain to a variety of technical functions within the specialty. Amajority of these tasks fall into the loading and offloading aircraft andperforming preliminary load-planning categories. In addition, several ofthese tasks are performed by substantial percentages of first-enlistment per-sonnel and have average to high TD ratings.

Table 13 lists the tasks having the highest TD ratings. The percentageof total first-enlistment, 5-, and 7-skill level personnel performing, and theTE ratings are also included for each task. Most of these tasks relate tomanagerial and supervisory-type duties. These tasks are not performed by manyfirst-enlistment airmen, but an increase in performance is seen at the7-level. Most have low TE ratings. Load plan outsized cargo and load or off-load tracked vehicles are exceptions to the low TE tendency.

While reviewing this section of the report, note that tasks performed bymoderate to high percentages of personnel (30 percent or better) in thefirst-enlistment group may justify resident technical training. TE and TDratings, composed of the opinions of experienced career ladder personnel, aresecondary factors that may assist training developers in deciding which tasksshould be emphasized for entry-level training. Those tasks receiving hightask factor ratings, but performed by low percentages of first-enlistment per-sonnel, may be more appropriately planned for OJT programs within the careerladder. Low task factor ratings may highlight tasks best left out of trainingfor new personnel. Training decisions are not only weighed against these fac-tors, but should be influenced by many other considerations, including commandconcerns, safety standards, and criticality of the tasks.

Analysis of First-Enlistment Personnel

In this study, there are 164 airmen in their first enlistment,representing 13 percent of all AFSC 114X0 personnel. These airmen are quali-fied at the 5-skill level. Figure 2 reflects the distribution of thesefirst-enlistment airmen across career ladder jobs. As shown in Figure 2,first-enlistment members are located in two major jobs: Airlift and Airdrop-Airlift Loadmasters.

Table 14 presents a list of representative tasks performed by AFSC 114X0first termers. First-enlistment personnel perform an average of 155 tasks.Most of the tasks pertain to performing aircraft preflight functions and load-ing and offloading aircraft.

The highly technical nature of the jobs performed by junior airmen isrevealed by the fact that less than 6 percent of their job time involvessupervisory or managerial functions, such as those in duties A, B, C, or D(see Table 6). These airmen spend the largest portion of their time perform-ing the technical duties associated with their respective job.

25

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27

TABLE 14

REPRESENTATIVE TASKS PERFORMED BY AFSC 114X0FIRST-ENLISTMENT PERSONNEL

(1-48 MONTHS TAFMS)

PERCENTMEMBERSPERFORMINGTASKS (N=164)

H207 Inspect aircraft winches and snatch blocks 99H210 Inspect and inventory emergency equipment 991253 Compute restraint criteria 991254 Compute roller load limitations 991270 Open or close aft cargo doors 99H201 Inspect aft cargo doors and ramps 98H206 Inspect aircraft lavatories 98H213 Inspect and inventory tie down equipment 981270 Load or offload palletized cargo 981277 Perform stowaway checks 98H215 Inspect and set lighting in troop or cargo compartments 97H220 Inspect crew galleys 971266 Load or offload passengers 97F154 Operate galley equipment, such as ovens or coffee makers 971283 Secure cargo in aircraft 971285 Verify suitability and compatibility of cargo being loaded 971267 Load or offload rolling stock 97J294 Operate interphone systems 97H216 Inspect and test oxygen systems 96H233 Inspect roller conveyors 96H244 Test public address systems 961247 Compute entries on DO Forms 365-4 (Weight and Balance

Clearance Form F) 961255 Compute shoring requirements 961258 Inspect cargo prior to loading 961259 Inspect vehicles prior to loading 961261 Load or offload hazardous material 961262 Load or offload nonpalletized cargo 961284 Secure passenger baggage in aircraft 961279 Raise or lower cargo ramps 96

28

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29

Further indication of the technical orientation of these airmen is thevariety of equipment worked on or utilized by first-enlistment personnel.Table 15 lists equipment items worked on by 30 percent or more of first-enlistment personnel. Examples of equipment utilized include cargo winches,roller conveyors, snatch blocks or pulleys, tiedown fittings, and comfort pal-lets. A full computer listing of all equipment items and the associated per-cent members performing is supplied in the Training Extract and should be usedby training specialists to determine which types of equipment should be empha-sized for first-term training.

Review of Specialty Training Standard

To assess the effectiveness of the AFSC 114X0 STS, Aircraft Loadmasterspecialty, dated January 1990, STS sections were compared to survey data. STSelements with performance elements were reviewed in terms of training empha-sis, task difficulty, and percent members performing information. STS ele-ments containing general career ladder knowledge were not reviewed. Taskknowledge and performance elements of the STS were compared against the stand-ard set forth in AFR 8-13 (dated 1 August 1986) and AFR 8-13/ATC Supplement 1(dated 2 March 1987), Attachment 1, paragraph A1-3c(4) (i.e., include tasksperformed or knowledge required by 20 percent or more of the personnel in askill level (criterion group) of the AFS).

The traditional method of reviewing an STS is to compare inventory tasksmatched against a particular STS item to first-enlistment, 5-, and 7-skilllevel data. If the STS item has matched tasks performed by 20 percent or moreof one of these criterion groups, survey data are said to support inclusion ofthe STS item. Using this traditional approach with the AFSC 114X0 STS, onlyone item was found to be unsupported (see Table 16 for nonsupported item).

An additional area of analysis involves examining tasks not matched toany STS element. Unreferenced tasks performed by at least 20 percent of agroup in the career ladder are performed to an extent great enough to be con-sidered for inclusion in the STS. Additionally, tasks with high TE or TD rat-ings should be examined for possible STS inclusion. Examples of unreferencedLoadmaster tasks are shown in Table 17. These tasks cover a variety of func-tions and equipment. A full list of these unreferenced tasks can be found atthe end of the STS PRTMOD printout found in the Training Extract. SMEs shouldexamine all unreferenced tasks to ascertain if any should be added to the STS.

Review of Plan of Instruction (POI)

Based on assistance from technical school SMEs in matching job inventorytasks to POI J3ABR11430, dated 4 August 1987, occupational survey data werematched to related training objectives. A similar method to that of the STSanalysis was employed to review the POI. Information furnished for considera-tion includes percent members performing data for first-job (1-24 monthsTAFMS) and first-enlistment (1-48 months TAFMS) personnel, as well as TE andTD ratings for individual tasks.

30

TABLE 15

EQUIPMENT USED OR OPERATEDBY GREATER THAN 30 PERCENT OF AFSC 114X0

FIRST-ENLISTMENT PERSONNEL (1-48 MONTHS TAFMS)(PERCENT MEMBERS RESPONDING)

1STENLIST

EQUIPMENT (N=164)

Chains and Devices, 10,000 lb capacity 99Chains and Devices, 25,000 lb capacity 99Cargo Winches (Internals) 98Straps, 5000 lb capacity 98Hand held Calculators 96Roller Conveyors 96Steel Bridge Plates 95Nets, 463L 93Snatch Blocks or Pulleys 93Emergency Equipment 92Cargo Loading Ramps or Struts 91Passenger Comfort Items; blankets, pillows, & earplugs 90Tiedown Fittings 89Rails, 463L 87Comfort Pallets 85Ground Loading Ramps 84Protective Clothing and Survival Equipment 79Loaders, 25K 76Loaders, 40K 74Forklifts, 10K 73Auxiliary Power Units 70Rollarized Prybars (Johnson Bars) 68Auxiliary Truck Loading Ramps 67Pallet Dollies, 463L 66Cargo Winches (External) 60Flatbed Trailers (rollarized), 25 or 40 ft 56Adverse Terrain Loaders, 10K 55Rough Terrain Loaders, 10K 50Tactical Loader 46Pass Loading Ramps 40Flatbed Trailers (nonrollarized), 25 or 40 ft 39Forklifts, 4K 39Forklifts, 6K 38Aerospace Ground Equipment 31

31

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POI blocks, units of instruction, and criterion objectives were comparedagainst the standards set forth in Attachment 1, ATCR 52-22, dated 17 February1989 (i.e., at least 30 percent or more of the criterion first enlistmentgroup should be performing tasks trained, along with sufficiently high TE andTD ratings on those tasks). Per this guidance, tasks trained in the coursewhich do not meet these criteria must be considered for elimination from theformal course, if not justified on some other acceptable basis.

Review of the tasks matched to the POI using the standard ATCR 52-22criteria reveals that all but one of the POI items are supported by OSR data.This unsupported item is presented in Table 18.

As with the STS, another part of the POI analysis involves examiningtasks not matched to any POI objectives. These are tasks performed by veryhigh percentages of first-termers and also have high TE ratings. An exampleof these tasks can be found in Table 19. The Training Extract lists theseunreferenced tasks at the end of the POI computer run. Basing training deci-sions on this product suggests considering these unreferenced tasks for pos-sible inclusion to the POI.

JOB SATISFACTION ANALYSIS

Comparisons of group perceptions of their jobs provide career laddermanagers with a means toward understanding some of the factors affecting jobperformance of today's airmen. These perceptions are gathered from incum-bents' responses to five job satisfaction questions covering job interest,perceived utilization of talents, perceived utilization of training, sense ofaccomplishment, and reenlistment intentions. The responses of the currentsurvey sample are then analyzed by making several comparisons: (1) amongTAFMS groups of a comparative sample of personnel from other Aircrew AFSCssurveyed in 1989 (AFSCs 111XO, 118X0, and 118X2); (2) between current and pre-vious survey TAFMS groups; (3) across specialty job groups :dentified in theSPECIALTY JOBS section of this report; and (4) across aircraft groups.

First-enlistment (1-48 months TAFMS), second-enlistment (49-96 monthsTAFMS), and career (97+ months TAFMS) group data are listed in Table 20 andare compared to corresponding enlistment groups from other Aircrew AFSCs sur-veyed during the previous calendar year. These data give a relative measureof how the job satisfaction of AFSC 114X0 personnel compares with that ofother similar Air Force specialties. Generally, enlistment groups of theDAFSC 114X0 sample indicate much higher levels of job satisfaction than dothose of the comparative sample (see Table 20).

An indication of changes in job satisfaction perceptions within thecareer ladder is provided in Table 21, where TAFMS group data for 1990 AFSC114X0 survey respondents are presented, along with data from respondents tothe last occupational survey report of the career ladder. Generally, allareas of satisfaction ha,e increased, with the exception of reenlistmentintentions, which has decreased since the 1983 OSR.

34

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Table 22 presents job satisfaction data for the major jobs (clusters andIJTs) identified in the career ladder structure for AFSC 114X0. An examina-tion of these data can reveal the influences performing certain jobs may haveon overall job satisfaction.

As typical of aircrew specialties, job satisfaction and reenlistmentintentions for AFSC 114X0 personnel were very high as a whole (see Table 22).Five of the six jobs responded with high levels of satisfaction. The airmenin the job type of Ground Support were the only exception. Although thesepersonnel do not feel a sense of satisfaction, they all plan to reenlist. Theproblem here could be that these airmen are performing minimum flying hoursand, thus, are not performing the full scope of Aircraft Loadmaster tasks.Over 92 percent of each of the career ladder jobs rated their job as "inter-esting." Only the personnel in the Ground Support IJT were basically dissat-isfied, with over 72 percent describing their jobs as "so-so" or "dull."Similarly, over 85 percent of each of the major career ladder jobs also indi-cated a high perceived use of training, once again excluding the Ground Sup-port IJT at 43 percent. As a whole, members in the Ground Support IJT reflectslightly lower levels of satisfaction when compared to the other jobs. Mem-bers of this job expressed less utilization of their talents and training, aswell as dissatisfied feelings toward accomplishments achieved from their work.On the other hand, the members in the other major specialty jobs display highlevels of overall satisfaction with greater than 57 percent responding posi-tively across all indicators.

ANALYSIS OF CONUS VERSUS OVERSEAS GROUPS

Comparisons were made between the tasks performed and the background datafor DAFSC 11450 personnel assigned to the CONUS (N=412) versus those assignedoverseas (N=66). An examination of the tasks and duties performed by the twogroups indicates extremely minor differences in equipment maintained and num-ber of tasks performed. The personnel overseas have a greater TICF (87months) and greater TAFMS (115 months) than the CONUS personnel at 70 monthsand 87 months respectively.

A review of the average number of tasks performed by these 2 groupsindicates that overseas personnel tend to perform essentially the same numberof tasks (166 tasks) as their CONUS counterparts (165 tasks). Job satisfac-tion indicators say that CONUS personnel are more satisfied with a sense ofaccomplishment from work, and they feel that both their training and talentsare more greatly utilized than do the OVERSEAS personnel. Most differences injobs of CONUS and overseas personnel were basically a function of the samefactors which will be discussed in the ANALYSIS OF AIRCRAFT GROUPS that fol-lows. Table 23 shows the distribution of loadmasters qualified for specificweapon systems across CONUS and overseas groups.

39

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40

TABLE 23

AIRCRAFT QUALIFICATION BY CONUS/OVERSEAS GROUPS(PERCENT MEMBERS RESPONDING)

CONUS OVERSEASAIRCRAFT (N=1.069) (N=190)

C-5 24 1

C-141 48 1

C-130 23 12

HC-130 3 2

MC-130 1 2

NOTE: Columns will not total 100 percent, since some personnel reportedmultiple aircraft qualifications

41

ANALYSIS OF AIRCRAFT GROUPS

An analysis of tasks performed and equipment operated by aircraft groupscan aid in determining some aircraft-specific training requirements. Like-wise, an examination of background data often provides additional insight intoaircraft differences within a specialty. For members of the AFSC 114X0 spe-cialty, most of the basic functions performed were the same, regardless of theweapon system. One major functional area, namely airdrop procedures, was notincluded in the job of all survey respondents. Additionally, there were somevariations in specific tasks performed and equipment used due to aircraft andmission differences.

C-5. The C-5 aircraft group was the only category of loadmasters who wereinvolved strictly in airlift missions and did not perform airdrop procedures(see Table 24). A C-5 loadmaster's load typically consisted of large amountsof cargo and passengers. Note that the equipment most often used by theseloadmasters reflected the type of mission flown by these airmen (Table 25).The C-5 personnel also do a larger amount of preflight functions compared tothe other aircraft groups (Table 27).

C-141. Almost half of the C-141 loadmasters were not qualified to performairdrop procedures (see Table 24). The job of these loadmasters was basicallythe same as that of the C-5 personnel. The remainder of the C-141 personnelwere involved in airdrop, as well as airlift activities. Most of these load-masters who had some kind of airdrop qualification were trained for heavyequipment airdrop.

C-130. Almost all the C-130 loadmasters performed the airdrop function inaddition to airlift (see Table 24). A smaller percentage of time is spent onpreflight functions, and a greater proportion is spent on Duty L, Preparingaircraft for airdrop operations (see Table 27). Also, notice the percentagesof C-130 loadmasters performing airdrop tasks (see Table 26). The greatmajority of the personnel in this aircraft group were qualified for personnel,Container Delivery System (CDS), and heavy equipment airdrops (see Table 24).

MC-130. The job of MC-130 emphasized the airdrop function once again (seeTable 27). These loadmasters report the greatest use of airdrop containers,airdrop parachutes, and airdrop platforms. Their special airdrop qualifica-tion includes combat crew; CDS; high speed, low level, aerial delivery system;heavy equipment (see Table 25); and 100 percent are qualified for specialoperations (see Table 24).

HC-130. The HC-130 loadmasters were less involved with airdrop than theMC-130 personnel. This group spent the most time on common aircrew tasks andperforming inflight functions (see Table 27). These variations in the load-master's job were a result of the type of equipment (rescue and recovery) han-dled by these personnel. The majority of this group were airdrop qualifiedfor personnel airdrop special operations (see Table 24). Also, this group hadthe greatest number of personnel reporting the use of pyrotechnics (see Table25). These personnel have the lowest job satisfaction of the aircraft groups(see Table 29).

42

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46

COMPARISON OF BACKGROUND CHARACTERISTICS

Table 28 displays the selected background data for the aircraft groups.The following paragraphs summarize an analysis of these data.

The average number of tasks performed for this study was 180. On theaverage, the C-130 and MC-130 groups performed the greatest number of tasks(185 and 197, respectively), while HC-130 personnel performed the least number(152).

All the aircraft categories consisted primarily of personnel assigned toMAC. The MC-130 group did have 4 percent assigned to AFSC. Virtually all theC-5 and C-141 loadmasters were stationed in the CONUS, while 35 percent of theC-130 loadmasters and 34 percent of the MC-130 loadmasters were assigned over-seas. The majority of the HC-130 personnel (64 percent) were also assignedoverseas.

Ini terms of seniority, variables such as paygrade, skill level, TAFMS,and TICF indicated that C-130, MC-130, and HC-130 loadmasters were more expe-rienced than members of the other aircraft groups.

Finally, though job satisfaction figures were quite high for all aircraftgroups, the HC-130 loadmasters seemed less pleased with their job compared tothe others. Also, job interest and utilization of training indicatorsappeared to be lower for HC-130 personnel (see Table 29).

IMPLICATIONS

The primary purpose of this Occupational Survey Report (OSR) is to assistin the updating of training requirements and technical training in the Load-master career ladder. The findings are very similar to the previous study,indicating a stable career ladder. The specialty is very homogeneous, withvarious specialty jobs resulting from aircraft, mission, and seniority-leveldifferences.

Analysis of the AFSC 114X0 career ladder structure identified twoclusters and four IJTs. These groupings remained consistent with jobs foundin the previous OSR, with the exception of the addition of Ground Support andSuperintendents. The jobs of Rescue & Recovery and Little Rock Instructorswere found to be only variations of major jobs in this survey. Overall, thetitilization of career ladder personnel is accurately reflected in the AFR 39-1Specialty Descriptions.

Analysis of career ladder documents indicates the STS and POI have almostcomplete support when applying the guidelines outlined in ATCR 52-22. Sometasks are not referenced to the STS and should be considered for possibleaddition to this document.

47

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49

Job satisfaction responses were higher than those of a comparative sampleof other aircrew specialists, and satisfaction has slightly increased in theLoadmaster career field since the previous survey in 1983. Indicators acrosscareer ladder specialty jobs exhibited displeasure only among members perform-ing Ground Support functions. This slightly lower level of satisfaction withthis job should alert Air Force managers and supervisors to be aware of thisdissatisfying job and attempt to implement measures to improve it.

The findings of this OSR come directly from survey data collected fromAircraft Loadmasters worldwide. These data are readily available to trainingand utilization personnel, functional managers, and any other interested par-ties having a need for such information. Much of the data are compiled intoextracts, which are excellent tools in the decision-making process. Thesedata extracts should be used whenever a training or utilization decision ismade.

50

APPENDIX A

SELECTED REPRESENTATIVE TASKS PERFORMED BYCAREER LADDER SPECIALTY JOB GROUPS

51

TABLE I

AIRLIFT LOADMASTERS(STG083)

GROUP SIZE: 576 AVERAGE TAFMS: 167 MONTHSPERCENT OF SAMPLE: 44Z AVERAGE TICF: 117 MONTHSPREDOMINANT PAYGRADES: E5

PERCENTMEMBERS

TYPICAL TASKS PERFORMING

1283 SECURE CARGO IN AIRCRAFT 991265 LOAD OR OFFLOAD PALLETIZED CARGO 991266 LOAD OR OFFLOAD PASSENGERS 991258 INSPECT CARGO PRIOR TO LOADING 991270 OPEN OR CLOSE AFT CARGO DOORS 99H213 INSPECT AND INVENTORY TIE DOWN EQUIPMENT 99H210 INSPECT AND INVENTORY EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT 991277 PERFORM STOWAWAY CHECKS 991253 COMPUTE RESTRAINT CRITERIA 99H216 INSPECT AND TEST OXYGEN SYSTEMS 99H207 INSPECT AIRCRAFT WINCHES AND SNATCH BLOCKS C-91261 LOAD OR OFFLOAD HAZARDOUS MATERIAL 991259 INSPECT VEHICLES PRIOR TO LOADING 98J294 OPERATE INTERPHONE SYSTEMS 981284 SECURE PASSENGER BAGGAGE IN AIRCRAFT 981267 LOAD OR OFFLOAD ROLLING STOCK 981285 VERIFY SUITABILITY AND COMPATIBILITY OF CARGO BEING

LOADED 981246 BRIEF LOADING CREWS CONCERNING LOADING OR OFFLOADING

OPERATIONS 98H201 INSPECT AFT CARGO DOORS AND RAMPS 981262 LOAD OR OFFLOAD NONPALLETIZED CARGO 98H206 INSPECT AIRCRAFT LAVATORIES 98H215 INSPECT AND SET LIGHTING IN TROOP OR CARGO COMPARTMENTS 98H244 TEST PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS 98H235 INSPECT TROOP DOORS 981247 COMPUTE ENTRIES ON DO FORMS 365-4 (WEIGHT AND BALANCE

CLEARANCE FORM F) 97F138 DEMONSTRATE TO PASSENGERS USE OF LIFE PRESERVERS,

PARACHUTES, AND OXYGEN MASKS 971278 RAISE OR LOWER CARGO RAMPS 97F154 OPERATE GALLEY EQUIPMENT, SUCH AS OVENS OR COFFEE MAKERS 97H233 INSPECT ROLLER CONVEYORS 97H205 INSPECT AIRCRAFT FORMS 97H211 INSPECT AND INVENTORY FLEET SERVICE EQUIPMENT 97G185 COORDINATE AIRCRAFT LOADING OR OFFLOADING WITH TERMINAL

OR RAMP PERSONNEL 96F146 LOAD CREW GEAR ON AIRCRAFT 96

Al

TABLE I (CONTINUED)

AIRLIFT LOADMASTERS(STGO83)

PERCENTMEMBERS

TYPICAL TASKS PERFORMING

1282 REVIEW CARGO DOCUMENTATION 96J290 COMPLETE AIRCRAFT BORDER CLEARANCE FORMS 96E247 MAINTAIN FLIGHT MANUALS, SAFETY AND OPERATIONAL

SUPPLEMENTS, AND FLIGHT CREW CHECKLISTS 95F181 SECURE EQUIPMENT FOR DESCENTS OR LANDINGS 95G190 IDENTIFY SAFETY MEASURES REQUIRED WHEN LOADING OR

OFFLOADING AIRCRAFT 951250 COMPUTE LOAD DISTRIBUTION USING HAND-HELD ELECTRONIC

CALCULATORS 93

EQUIPMENT USED: CARGO WINCHES (INTERNAL)CHAINS AND DEVICES, 10,000 LB CAPACITYCHAINS AND DEVICES, 25,000 LB CAPACITYCOMFORT PALLETSEMERGENCY EQUIPMENTCARGO LOADING RAMPS OR STRUTSHAND-HELD CALCULATORSNETS, 463LPASS CMFT ITEMS; BLANKETS, PILLOWS, & EARPLUGSPROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND SURVIVAL EQUIPMENTRAILS, 463LROLLER CONVEYORSSNATCH BLOCKS OR PULLEYSTEEL BRIDGE PLATESSTRAPS, 5000 LB CAPACITYTIEDOWN FITTINGS

A2

TABLE II

AIRLIFT/AIRDROP LOADMASTERS(STG076)

GROUP SIZE: 585 AVERAGE TAFMS: 154 MONTHSPERCENT OF SAMPLE: 45% AVERAGE TICF: 126 MONTHSPREDOMINANT PAYGRADES: E6

PERCENTMEMBERS

TYPICAL TASKS PERFORMING

L336 INSPECT PERSONNEL RESTRAINT HARNESS 100L364 SECURE LOOSE AIRCRAFT EQUIPMENT FOR AIRDROP 1001283 SECURE CARGO IN AIRCRAFT 99J296 PERFORM CARGO AIRDROP PROCEDURES 99J294 OPERATE INTERPHONE SYSTEMS 99H210 INSPECT AND INVENTORY EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT 991277 PERFORM STOWAWAY CHECKS 991253 COMPUTE RESTRAINT CRITERIA 99J298 PERFORM PERSONNEL AIRDROP PROCEDURES 99H208 INSPECT ANCHOR CABLE AND SUPPORT ARMS 99L333 INSPECT JUMP PLATFORMS 99J295 OPERATE PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS 991284 SECURE PASSENGER BAGGAGE IN AIRCRAFT 981266 LOAD OR OFFLOAD PASSENGERS 981258 INSPECT CARGO PRIOR TO LOADING 98H213 INSPECT AND INVENTORY TIE DOWN EQUIPMENT 98L337 INSPECT SEATS AND SEAT BELTS 981272 OPEN OR CLOSE PARATROOP DOORS 98L334 INSPECT JUMP SIGNAL SYSTEMS 981262 LOAD OR OFFLOAD NONPALLETIZED CARGO 98H215 INSPECT AND SET LIGHTING IN TROOP OR CARGO COMPARTMENTS 981246 BRIEF LOADING CREWS CONCERNING LOADING OR OFFLOADING

OPERATIONS 981282 REVIEW CARGO DOCUMENTATION 98J299 PERFORM PREDROP INSPECTIONS 97L332 INSPECT EXTRACTION SYSTEMS 97H216 INSPECT AND TEST OXYGEN SYSTEMS 971270 OPEN OR CLOSE AFT CARGO DCORS 971261 LOAD OR OFFLOAD HAZARDOUS MATERIAL 971259 INSPECT VEHICLES PRIOR TO LOADING 971267 LOAD OR OFFLOAD ROLLING STOCK 971285 VERIFY SUITABILITY AND COMPATIBILITY OF CARGO BEING

LOADED 97H201 INSPECT AFT CARGO DOORS AND RAMPS 97H244 TEST PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS 971247 COMPUTE ENTRIES ON DD FORMS 365-4 (WEIGHT AND BALANCE

CLEARANCE FORM F) 97

A3

TABLE II (CONTINUED)

AIRLIFT/AIRDROP LOADMASTERS(STG076)

PERCENTMEMBERS

TYPICAL TASKS PERFORMING

F138 DEMONSTRATE TO PASSENGERS USE OF LIFE PRESERVERS,PARACHUTES, AND OXYGEN MASKS 97

H235 INSPECT TROOP DOORS 961265 LOAD OR OFFLOAD PALLETIZED CARGO 96H207 INSPECT AIRCRAFT WINCHES AND SNATCH BLOCKS 96H233 INSPECT ROLLER CONVEYORS 95H205 INSPECT AIRCRAFT FORMS 95J290 COMPLETE AIRCRAFT BORDER CLEARANCE FORMS 95F181 SECURE EQUIPMENT FOR DESCENTS OR LANDINGS 95

EQUIPMENT USED: AIRDROP CONTAINERSAIRDROP PARACHUTESAIRDROP PLATFORMSAUXILIARY TRUCK LOADING RAMPSCARGO LOADING RAMPS OR STRUTSCARGO WINCHES (INTERNALS)CHAINS AND DEVICES, 10,000 LB CAPACITYCHAINS AND DEVICES, 25,000 LB CAPACITYEMERGENCY EQUIPMENTEXTRACTION FORCE TRANSFER COUPLERS, 35KGROUND LOADING RAMPSHAND-HELD CALCULATORSNETS, 463LPALLET DOLLIES, 463LPLATFORM EXT FORCE TRANSFER COUPLERS, 12KPARACHUTE RELEASE ASSEMBLIESPASS COMFORT ITEMS, BLANKETS, PILLOWS & EARPLUGSPROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND SURVIVAL EQUIPMENTRAILS, 463LSTEEL BRIDGE PLATESSTRAPS, 5000 LB CAPACITYTIEDOWN FITTINGS

A4

TABLE III

SUPERINTENDENT LOADMASTERS(STG061)

GROUP SIZE: 16 AVERAGE TAFMS: 207 MONTHSPERCENT OF SAMPLE: 1.2% AVERAGE TICF: 288 MONTHSPREDOMINANT PAYGRADES: E8

PERCENTMEMBERS

TYPICAL TASKS PERFORMING

A4 DETERMINE WORK PRIORITIES 100B43 INTERPRET POLICIES, DIRECTIVES, OR PROCEDURES FOR

SUBORDINATES 100A20 PLAN WORK ASSIGNMENTS 100A9 ESTABLISH ORGANIZATIONAL POLICIES, OFFICE INSTRUCTIONS

(01), OR STANDING OPERATING PROCEDURES (SOP) 100A6 DEVELOP WORK METHODS OR PROCEDURES 1001282 REVIEW CARGO DOCUMENTATION 1001283 SECURE CARGO IN AIRCRAFT 1001258 INSPECT CARGO PRIOR TO LOADING 1001246 BRIEF LOADING CREWS CONCERNING LOADING OR OFFLOADING

OPERATIONS 1001247 COMPUTE ENTRIES ON DD FORMS 365-4 (WEIGHT AND BALANCE

CLEARANCE FORM F) 1001266 LOAD OR OFFLOAD PASSENGERS 1001253 COMPUTE RESTRAINT CRITERIA 1001270 OPEN OR CLOSE AFT CARGO DOORS 1001284 SECURE PASSENGER BAGGAGE IN AIRCRAFT 100J303 REVIEW CUSTOMS AND BORDER CLEARANCES FOR CREW MEMBERS 100H213 INSPECT AND INVENTORY TIE DOWN EQUIPMENT 100H201 INSPECT AFT CARGO DOORS AND RAMPS 100J294 OPERATE INTERPHONE SYSTEMS 100H210 INSPECT AND INVENTORY EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT 100F146 LOAD CREW GEAR ON AIRCRAFT 100J291 DISTRIBUTE PASSENGER COMFORT ITEMS 100H215 INSPECT AND SET LIGHTING IN TROOP OR CARGO COMPARTMENTS 1001252 COMPUTE PRESSURE EXERTED BY CARGO ON AIRCRAFT FLOOR 100H216 INSPECT AND TEST OXYGEN SYSTEMS 100F139 FIRE SMALL ARMS FOR QUALIFICATION 100C51 ANALYZE WORKLOAD REQUIREMENTS 94A1O ESTABLISH PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR SUBORDINATES 94Al ASSIGN PERSONNEL TO DUTY POSITIONS 94A29 WRITE JOB DESCRIPTIONS 941245 ALIGN MATERIAL HANDLING EQUIPMENT (MHE) 94F149 OPEN OR CLOSE CREW ENTRANCE DOORS 94H205 INSPECT AIRCRAFT FORMS 94J288 BRIEF PASSENGERS OR TROOPS USING AIRCRAFT CHECKLIST 94

A5

TABLE III (CONTINUED)

SUPERINTENDENT LOADMASTERS(STG061)

EQUIPMENT USED: AEROSPACE GROUND EQUIPMENTAUXILIARY TRUCK LOADING RAMPSCARGO LOADING RAMPS OR STRUTSCARGO WINCHES (INTERNALS)EMERGENCY EQUIPMENTFORKLIFTS, 10KGROUND LOADING RAMPSHAND-HELD CALCULATORSNETS, 463LPASSENGER COMFORT ITEMS: BLANKETS, PILLOWS, & EARPLUGSROLLER CONVEYORSSTRAPS, 5000 LB CAPACITYTIEDOWN FITTINGS

A6

TABLE IV

GROUND SUPPORT(STG054)

GROUP SIZE: 7 AVERAGE TAFMS: 142 MONTHSPERCENT OF SAMPLE: .5% AVERAGE TICF: 122 MONTHSPREDOMINANT PAYGRADES: E5

PERCENTMEMBERS

TYPICAL TASKS PERFORMING

K323 RIG AIRDROP PLATFORMS 100K321 RECOVER EQUIPMENT AND PARACHUTES FROM DROP ZONES 100K320 PREPARE AIRDROP LOADS 100K325 RIG SUPPLY LOADS FOR AIRDROPS 100K315 PACK CARGO PARACHUTES 100L330 INSPECT AIRDROP PLATFORMS AFTER LOADING i00L331 INSPECT AIRDROP PLATFORMS BEFORE LOADING 100L332 INSPECT EXTRACTION SYSTEMS 100L335 INSPECT PARACHUTES 100G191 LOAD PLAN AIRDROP LOADS 100J296 PERFORM CARGO AIRDROP PROCEDURES 1001273 PERFORM ACCEPTANCE INSPECTIONS OR AIRDROP CARGO 100L336 INSPECT PERSONNEL RESTRAINT HARNESS 1001283 SECURE CARGO IN AIRCRAFT 100L334 INSPECT JUMP SIGNAL SYSTEMS 100L364 SECURE LOOSE AIRCRAFT EQUIPMENT FOR AIRDROP 100H205 INSPECT AIRCRAFT FORMS 100L355 OPERATIONALLY CHECK PARACHUTE RELEASE ASSEMBLIES 100L333 INSPECT JUMP PLATFORMS 100H208 INSPECT ANCHOR CABLE AND SUPPORT ARMS 1001270 OPEN OR CLOSE AFT CARGO DOORS 100L361 RESTRAIN AIRDROP LOADS 100H221 INSPECT DUAL RAIL SYSTEMS 100H200 ARM CARGO DOORS 100H233 INSPECT ROLLER CONVEYORS 100J298 PERFORM PERSONNEL AIRDROP PROCEDURES 100H213 INSPECT AND INVENTORY TIE DOWN EQUIPMENT 100F146 LOAD CREW GEAR ON AIRCRAFT 100F142 INSPECT RAMP AREA FOR FOREIGN OBJECTS 100H235 INSPECT TROOP DOORS 100

EQUIPMENT USED: ADVERSE TERRAIN LOADERS, 10KAIRDROP CLEANING EQUIPMENTAIRDROP CONTAINERSAIRDROP PARACHUTESAIRDROP PLATFORMSAUXILIARY TRUCK LOADING RAMPS

A7

TABLE IV (CONTINUED)

GROUND SUPPORT(STG054)

EQUIPMENT USED: EXTRACTION FORCE COUPLERS, 35KFLATBED TRAILERS (NONROLLARIZED), 25 OR 40 FTLOADERS, 40KM-SERIES VEHICLESPLATFORM EXT FORCE TRANSFER COUPLERS, 12KPARACHUTE RELEASE ASSEMBLIESPARACHUTE PACKING EQUIPMENTPLATFORMS LASHINGSROLLARIZED PRYBARS (JOHNSON BARS)STRAPS, 5000 LB CAPACITYTRACTORS, 5 OR 10 TON

A8

TABLE V

GROUP NAME: STAFF PERSONNEL(STG042)

GROUP SIZE: 5 AVERAGE TAFMS: 212 MONTHSPERCENT OF SAMPLE: .4% AVERAGE TICF: 183 MONTHSPREDOMINANT PAYGRADES: E7

PERCENTMEMBERS

TYPICAL TASKS PERFORMING

B30 COMPILE INFORMATION FOR REPORTS OF STAFF STUDIES 100C82 WRITE STAFF STUDIES, SURVEYS, OR SPECIAL REPORTS 100A9 ESTABLISH ORGANIZATIONAL POLICIES, OFFICE INSTRUCTIONS

(01), OR STANDING OPERATING PROCEDURES (SOP) 100K315 PACK CARGO PARACHUTES 100G199 SELECT MATERIALS-HANDLING EQUIPMENT (MHE) FOR LOADING OR

OFFLOADING CARGO OR PASSENGERS 100G198 SELECT AIRCRAFT EQUIPMENT FOR LOADING OR OFFLOADING CARGO 100G187 DETERMINE SPECIAL AIRCRAFT LOADING REQUIREMENTS 100G193 LOAD PLAN HAZARDOUS CARGO 100G192 LOAD PLAN AIRLAND CARGO 100G195 LOAD PLAN PASSENGERS 100F160 PARTICIPATE IN CREW OPERATION DEBRIEFINGS 100F164 PARTICIPATE IN PREMISSION INTELLIGENCE BRIEFINGS 100G190 IDENTIFY SAFETY MEASURES REQUIRED WHEN LOADING OR

OFFLOADING AIRCRAFT 1001258 INSPECT CARGO PRIOR TO LOADING 1001259 INSPECT VEHICLES PRIOR TO LOADING 1001258 VERIFY SUITABILITY AND COMPATIBILITY OF CARGO BEING

LOADED 100F174 PERFORM WING WALKING OR MARSHALLING DUTIES 100F172 PERFORM PERSONAL EQUIPMENT INSPECTION 100G197 PLAN EMERGENCY JETTISON AND FOLLOWUP PROCEDURES 100F135 APPLY EXTERNAL ALTERNATING CURRENT (AC) AND DIRECT

CURRENT (DC) POWER TO AIRCRAFT 100F137 COORDINATE CORRECTION OF AIRCRAFT DISCREPANCIES OR

MALFUNCTIONS WITH AIRCRAFT COMMANDER 100F140 INSPECT AIRCRAFT PANELS, LOCKS, OR FASTENERS 100F144 INSTALL OR REMOVE AIRCRAFT WHEEL CHOCKS AND GEAR PINS 100F150 OPERATE AIRCRAFT BRAKES 100F134 ANNOTATE AFTO FORMS 781A (MAINTENANCE DISCREPANCY AND

WORK DOCUMENT) 100F139 FIRE SMALL ARMS FOR QUALIFICATION 100

EQUIPMENT USED: ADVERSE TERRAIN LOADERS, 10KAIRDROP CONTAINERSAUXILIARY POWER UNITS

A9

TABLE V (CONTINUED)

GROUP NAME: STAFF PERSONNEL(STG042)

EQUIPMENT USED: AUXILIARY TRUCK LOADING RAMPSCARGO LOADING RAMPS OR STRUTSCARGO WINCHES (INTERNALS)CENTERLINE VERT TEST (CVR) EQUIPCHAINS AND DEVICES, 10,000 LB CAPACITYCHAINS AND DEVICES, 25,000 LB CAPACITYCOMFORT PALLETSEMERGENCY EQUIPMENTFORKLIFTS, 10KFLATBED TRAILERS (ROLLARIZED), 25 OR 40 FTLOADERS, 25KLOWBOYS TRAILERS, 25 FTM-SERIES VEHICLESPROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND SURVIVAL EQUIPMENTROLLER CONVEYORSSTEEL BRIDGE PLATESTACTICAL LOADER

A1O

TABLE VI

GROUP NAME: MANAGERS(STG023)

GROUP SIZE: 7 AVERAGE TAFMS: 283 MONTHSPERCENT OF SAMPLE: .5% AVERAGE TICF: 207 MONTHSPREDOMINANT PAYGRADES: E7

PERCENTMEMBERS

TYPICAL TASKS PERFORMING

B35 DIRECT MAINTENANCE OR UTILIZATION OF EQUIPMENT, SUPPLIES,OR WORKSPACE 100

A4 DETERMINE WORK PRIORITIES 100B46 SUPERVISE AIRCRAFT LOADMASTER TECHNICIANS (AFSC 11470) 100A26 SCHEDULE PERSONNEL FOR SCHOOLS, TEMPORARY DUTY (TDY)

ASSIGNMENTS, OR NONTECHNICAL TRAINING 100A6 DEVELOP WORK METHODS OR PROCEDURES 100B32 COUNSEL PERSONNEL ON PERSONAL OR MILITARY-RELATED MATTERS 100B43 INTERPRET POLICIES, DIRECTIVES, OR PROCEDURES FOR

SUBORDINATES 100A3 DETERMINE REQUIREMENTS FOR SPACE, PERSONNEL, EQUIPMENT,

OR SUPPLIES 100A20 PLAN WORK ASSIGNMENTS 100Al ASSIGN PERSONNEL TO DUTY POSITIONS 100A24 SCHEDULE LEAVES OR PASSES 100All ESTABLISH PUBLICATION LIBRARIES 100A1O ESTABLISH PERFORMANCE STANDARDS FOR SUBORDINATES 86D84 ADVISE STAFF OR UNIT PERSONNEL ON TRAINING MATTERS 86B30 COMPILE INFORMATION FOR REPORTS OR STAFF STUDIES 86A29 WRITE JOB DESCRIPTIONS 86C64 EVALUATE PERSONNEL FOR COMPLIANCE WITH PERFORMANCE

STANDARDS 86C80 PREPARE EPRs 86B31 CONDUCT STAFF MEETINGS 86A9 ESTABLISH ORGANIZATIONAL POLICIES, OFFICE INSTRUCTIONS

(01), OR STANDING OPERATING PROCEDURES (SOP) 86D94 COUNSEL TRAINEES ON TRAINING PROGRESS 86C73 INDORSE ENLISTED PERFORMANCE REPORT (EPR) 86C59 EVALUATE INDIVIDUALS FOR PROMOTION, DEMOTION, OR

RECLASSIFICATION 86A5 DEVELOP ORGANIZATIONAL CHARTS 86J290 COMPLETE AIRCRAFT BORDER CLEARANCE FORMS 86

EQUIPMENT USED: ADVERSE TERRAIN LOADERS, 10KAUXILIARY POWER UNITSAUXILIARY TRUCK LOADING RAMPSCARGO LOADING RAMPS OR STRUTS

All

TABLE VI (CONTINUED)

GROUP NAME: MANAGERS(STG023)

EQUIPMENT USED: CARGO WINCHES (INTERNALS)CHAINS AND DEVICES, 10,000 LB CAPACITYCHAINS AND DEVICES, 25,000 LB CAPACITYCOMFORT PALLETSFORKLIFTS, 10KFLATBED TRAILERS (ROLLARIZED), 25 OR 40 FTGROUND LOADING RAMPSHANDHELD CALCULATORSLOADERS, 25KLOADERS, 40KM-SERIES VEHICLESNETS, 463LPALLET DOLLIES, 463LPLATFORM EXT FORCE TRANSFER COUPLERS, 12KPROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND SURVIVAL EQUIPMENTRAILS, 463LROLLER CONVEYORSSNATCH BLOCKS OR PULLEYSTEEL BRIDGE PLATESSTRAPS, 5000 LB CAPACITYTACTICAL LOADER

A12 I