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![Page 1: Air & Space and Decision Superiority in the 21 st Century Presented by Air Commodore Garfield Porter.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062417/551c56575503467b488b5523/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Air & Space and Decision Superiority in the 21st Century
Presented byAir Commodore Garfield Porter
Presented byAir Commodore Garfield Porter
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2
Scope
Network Enabling
• Where are we?• Where are we going?
Command Model
BSM in the Air Environment
I2 Challenges
Space
Network Enabling
• Where are we?• Where are we going?
Command Model
BSM in the Air Environment
I2 Challenges
Space
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3
NATO Air C4ISR – Ground Environment
VoIP Begins
20072007
0% 0% 50% 0%
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4
NATO Air C4ISR – Ground Environment
NATO Signals Battalions
1. Brunssum2. Naples
VoIP Begins
20072007
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5
NATO Air C4ISR – Ground Environment
NATO Signals Battalions
1. Brunssum2. Naples
VoIP Begins Link cryptoremoved IP-crypto Black Core Net SCIP, PKI, CIRC BLACK
networksSecure Voice/
VTCoIP EoIP IEG (QoS)On IP CC2 PNC CDIS IPv6
20172017
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6
NATO Air C4ISR – Air and Space
ISR
COMMERCIAL
NATIONAL
CRCs
CAOCs
NATO IV
US/UFO
UK/SKYNET 4/5, FR/SYRACUSE III, IT/SICRAL
E-3 (FR, NATO, UK, US)E-8 (US)EC-130H (US)EMB-145 (GR)EUROFIGHTER (GE, IT,
SP, UK)F-15 (US)NIMROD R1 (UK)Sentinel R1 (UK)
F-16 (BE,DA,GR, NL,NO,PL, PO, TU,US)F-18 (CA, US)F-22 (US)RC-135 (US)Rafale (FR)Sea King (UK)TORNADO (IT, UK)
B-2 (US)C-17 (CA)CP-140 (CA)E-2C (US)
Link 16 Interoperability
Num
ber o
f Airc
raft
16/26 Nations
Total AC Attack2007
ISR/Tn2007
Space Bw Deployable Bw
8,000
~5,000
~2,500
71%
29%41%
59%
94%
6%
NUS:64%
US:36%
NUS: 29%
US: 71%
NUS: 64%
US: 36%
NUS: 28%
US: 72%
NUS: 63%
US: 37%
NUS:
UHF
SHFX-Band
SHFX-Band
2007
UHF
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7
NATO Air C4ISR – Air and Space
ISRNATIONAL
ACCS
DARS
ARSCAOCs
CRCs
UK/SKYNET 4/5, FR/SYRACUSE III, IT/SICRAL
US/MUOS
NATO EHF COMMERCIAL
737-700 (TU)A-10 (US)A-400 (GE)B-1 (US)B-2 (US)B-52 (US)
C-130 (NL, UK, US)C-5 (US)C-17 (CA, US)CP-140 (CA)E-2 (FR, US)E-3 (FR, NATO, UK, US)E-8 (US)EA-6B (US)EC-130H (US)EMB-145 (GR)EUROFIGHTER (GE, IT,
SP, UK, +)
Euro Hawk (GE)F-15 (US)F-16 (BE, DA, GR, NL,
NO, PL, PO, TU, US)F-18 (CA, US)F-22 (US)F-35 (US, +)GLOBAL HAWK (US)JAS-39 (HU)KC-767 (US)KDC-10 (NL)NIMROD MRA/4 (UK)P-3 (GE, PO, US)
Rafale (FR)RC-135 (US)Sea King (UK)Sentinel R1 (UK)TORNADO (UK)TRISTAR (UK)VC-10 (UK)
E3A MNT ACCS LOC 1 IOC ACCS FOC Air C2IS DCIS CJTF IOC
Link 16 Interoperability
Num
ber o
f Airc
raft
17/26 Nations
Total AC2007
Total AC2012
Attack2007
Attack2012
ISR/Tn2007
ISR/Tn2012
Space Bw Deployable Bw
UHF
EHF
SHFX-Band
DFCIS+
ACCS
8,00071%
29%
NUS: 64%
US: 36%
NUS: 29%
US:71%
38%
62%
41%
59%29%
71%
94%
44%
56%
~8,000
~5,000
~6,000
~2,500~3,000
NUS: 99%
US: 28 1%
NUS: 32%
US: 68%
NUS: 64%
US: 36%
NUS: 28%
US: 72%
NUS:
US: 63%
NUS:37%
NUS: 63%
US:37%
6% NUS:
NUS:98%US: 2%
US: 85%
AGS FOCAGS IOC
2017
EHF
SHFX-Band
UHF
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8
Model for Command
Network Enabled Connectivity
Command
BSM
CBMI2C4ISR
I2I2
SR Control
Command
I2
Command
BSM
SR IM Control Self-Sync
Shared Situational Awareness
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9
Air Command Today
CAOC
Msn Msn Msn Msn
ACC
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1010
Air and Space Themes
CC
JointC
oord
inat
ion
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1111
CAOC
Air Command Tomorrow?
Msn Msn Msn Msn
Msn
Msn Msn
Msn
Msn
Msn
Msn
Msn
Msn
ACC
CAOCJointEnabling
C Air DPOJoint Enabling
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12
BSM Challenges
Generating SSA
Link 16
Market Place v Secretariat
Defining the Future Battlespace
Environmental Seams
Generating SSA
Link 16
Market Place v Secretariat
Defining the Future Battlespace
Environmental Seams
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1313
Effects
CounterAir
AI
SpaceControl
Influence
Logs Air Defence
CAS
DPO
ForceProtect
ISTAR
Jt Enabling
A&S Control
Tac AT
BattlefieldMobility
AOSE
Strat AT
Air & Space Roles
Actions
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14
Information & Intelligence
Decision Superiority
Definitions
Decision Superiority
Definitions
‘Any communication or representation of knowledge such as facts, data, or opinions in any medium or form, including textual, numerical, graphic, cartographic, narrative, or audiovisual forms.’
NATO IM Policy Jan 08
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15
Information & Intelligence
Decision Superiority
Definitions
I2 Ubiquity through NEC
The Media Dilemma
Higher/Lower I2?
I2 Challenges
Decision Superiority
Definitions
I2 Ubiquity through NEC
The Media Dilemma
Higher/Lower I2?
I2 Challenges
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Space – the Critical Enabler!
Today’s economy depends on space Today’s decision makers depend on space Space enhances national security Today’s warfighter depends on space
Today’s economy depends on space Today’s decision makers depend on space Space enhances national security Today’s warfighter depends on space
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17
The Threats to Space Systems are Real
SATCOM facility in Serbia destroyed by NATOChinese ASAT – Jan 07
Television station in KabulVoice of America jammed by Iran from facility in Cuba
STK-generated image courtesy AGI
NATO is fighting its first “Space War”
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Deliberate Planning & Cooperation
There is a lack of space awareness & expertise at all levels – Strategic, Operational & Tactical
NATO needs governance that adequately addresses space issues
NATO, the Nations, EU, ESA and the EDA must increase cooperation to address security & defence issues for space activities
There is a lack of space awareness & expertise at all levels – Strategic, Operational & Tactical
NATO needs governance that adequately addresses space issues
NATO, the Nations, EU, ESA and the EDA must increase cooperation to address security & defence issues for space activities
Areas to Address: Space Situational
Awareness Space Control – Assuring
the Space Domain Combined Space
Operations – integrating & using space capabilities
Areas to Address: Space Situational
Awareness Space Control – Assuring
the Space Domain Combined Space
Operations – integrating & using space capabilities
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The Future of NATO Space Power
Assuring the Space Domain? Conducting Joint & Coalition Space Operations? NATO Space Ops Coordination Center? Alliance constellation of small ISR satellites? NATO Space Component Command?
Assuring the Space Domain? Conducting Joint & Coalition Space Operations? NATO Space Ops Coordination Center? Alliance constellation of small ISR satellites? NATO Space Component Command?
19
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Questions