Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that...
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Air pollution is the introduction of chemicals, particulate matter, or biological materials that cause harm or discomfort to humans or other living organisms, or cause damage to the natural environment or built environment, into the atmosphere.
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International Agreements on Climate Change
Montreal Protocol (1987)
Kyoto Protocol (2005)
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The Things InvolveThe Things Involve
Carbon Monoxide
Sulfur Dioxide
Nitrogen Dioxide
Particulate Matter
Ground Level Ozone
The Things InvolveThe Things Involve
Carbon Monoxide
Sulfur Dioxide
Nitrogen Dioxide
Particulate Matter
Ground Level Ozone
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Carbon Monoxide
colorless, odorless
produced when carbon does not burn in fossil fuels
present in car exhaust
deprives body of O2 causing headaches, fatigue, and impaired vision
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Sulfur Dioxideproduced when coal and fuel oil are burned
present in power plant exhaust
narrows the airway, causing wheezing and shortness of breath, especially in those with asthma
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Nitrogen Dioxidereddish, brown gas
produced when nitric oxide combines with oxygen in the atmosphere
present in car exhaust and power plants
affects lungs and causes wheezing; increases chance of respiratory infection
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Particulate Matterparticles of different sizes and structures that are released into the atmosphere
present in many sources including fossil fuels, dust, smoke, fog, etc.
can build up in respiratory system
aggravates heart and lung disease; increases risk of respiratory infection
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Ground Level Ozoneat upper level, ozone shields Earth from sun’s harmful UV rays
at ground level, ozone is harmful pollutants
formed from car, power and chemical plant exhaust
irritate respiratory system and asthma; reduces lung function by inflaming and damaging lining of lungs
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These 5 together form.....
Smog Acid Rain Green House
Effect Hole in Ozone
Layer Indoor Air Pollution
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•Combination of gases with water vapor and dust
•Combination of words smoke and fog
•Forms when heat and sunlight react gases (photochemical smog)
•Occurs often with heavy traffic, high temperatures, and calm winds
SMOG
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•1st smog related deaths were in London in 1873; death toll 500 people; can you imagine how much worse the atmosphere is now?!
•Limits visibility
•Decreases UV radiation
•Yellow/black color over cities
•Causes respiratory problems and bronchial related deaths
Its effects.....
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Acid Rain
contains high levels of sulfuric or nitric acids
contaminate drinking water and vegetation
damage aquatic life erode buildings Alters the chemical equilibrium of
some soils
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Acid rain causes acidification of lakes and streams .
It contributes to the damage of trees and many sensitive forest soils.
It accelerates the decay of building materials and paints, including irreplaceable buildings, statues, and sculptures that are part of our nation's cultural heritage.
Its Effects……
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It generally comes from the build up of carbon dioxide gas in the atmosphere. Carbon dioxide is produced when fuels are burned. America’s power plants are our biggest industrial polluters. Each year they pump more than two billion tons of carbon dioxide into the air. Carbon pollution is causing climate change that drives dangerous heat waves and worsening smog pollution, which causes asthma attacks and other serious respiratory illnesses. In this type of pollution sun rays go into the atmosphere and they are trapped by greenhouse-gasses. So the temperature on the earth raise.
Greenhouse effect
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Sources of GHG’s
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Hole in the ozone layer
It is another result of air pollution.
Chemicals released by our activities affect the stratosphere.
Release of CFC from heating, aerosol cans , rockets, refrigerator equipment's remove some of the ozone , causing “ HOLES” .
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Indoor Air Pollution
It’s more dangerous than the outdoor pollution, because we do everything in enclosed environments where air circulation may be restricted. There are many sources of indoor air pollution: tobacco smoke, cooking and heating appliances, and vapors from building materials.
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Sources of Outside Air Pollution
Combustion of gasoline and other hydrocarbon fuels in cars, trucks, and airplanes
Burning of fossil fuels (oil, coal, and dinosaur bones)
Insecticides Herbicides Everyday radioactive
fallouts Dust from fertilizers Mining operations Livestock feedlots
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A major form of air pollution is emissions given off by vehicles.
The number of cars in EU has doubled between 1970 and 1994 – 3% per year
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Health Effects
Air pollutants such as ozone, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur dioxide also have harmful effects on natural ecosystems. They can kill plants and trees by destroying their leaves, and can kill animals, especially fish in highly polluted riversOlder people are highly vulnerable to diseases induced by air pollution. Those with heart or lung disorders are under additional risk.
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Ride your bicycle
Tell your friends and family about pollution
Make sure your parents get pollution checks on their cars
Ride the Public Transport
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Learn more; stay up to date
Join a group to stop pollution
Recycle your home waste (plastic bottles,
bags)
Encourage your parents to carpool to work
Switch off lights, fan, heat, etc. when you leave the room
Use Reusable things instead of Disposable
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Credits……
Adeel Rafiq (BSCE01103167)Tayyab Ali (BSCE01103157)Nouman Ashraf (BSCE01103033)Awais Sadiq (BSCE01103016)Shahid Amin (BSCE01103012)
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http://edugreen.teri.in/explore/air.htm
http://www.oneworld.net/penguin/pollution/pollution_home.html
http://www.rcc.org/oem/aqindex.html
http://www.tnrcc.state.tx.us/air/monops/lessoms/mathlesson.html
Links……