AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called:...
-
Upload
aileen-lyons -
Category
Documents
-
view
218 -
download
1
Transcript of AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called:...
![Page 1: AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called: ______________________________ –Air should have ________, _________,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e4e5503460f94b44f03/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
AIR POLLUTION
CHAPTER 12
![Page 2: AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called: ______________________________ –Air should have ________, _________,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e4e5503460f94b44f03/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
• When harmful substances build up in the air it is called: ______________________________
– Air should have ________, _________, and small amounts of argon, CO2, and water vapor
![Page 3: AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called: ______________________________ –Air should have ________, _________,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e4e5503460f94b44f03/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
2 kinds of air pollution
• PRIMARY – a pollutant put into the air by human activity– Electrical production.
Why?_________________– Industry– Transportation
• SECONDARY – when primary pollutants mix with other pollutants or other things in the air (like_______ ________) to make new pollutants
• SMOG
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
http://daac.gsfc.nasa.gov/oceancolor/locus/images/LA-smog-2.jpg
![Page 4: AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called: ______________________________ –Air should have ________, _________,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e4e5503460f94b44f03/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
SMOG
• sunlight affecting and mixing with air, exhaust and ozone
• Hard to see
• Unhealthy to breathe
![Page 5: AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called: ______________________________ –Air should have ________, _________,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e4e5503460f94b44f03/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
PRIMARY POLLUTANTS
• CO ______________• NOx _____________• SOx _____________• Particulate Matter• VOCs____________
![Page 6: AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called: ______________________________ –Air should have ________, _________,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e4e5503460f94b44f03/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
CO
• Odorless, colorless gas
• Sources- cars, industry
• Interferes with the body’s ability to carry oxygen
![Page 7: AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called: ______________________________ –Air should have ________, _________,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e4e5503460f94b44f03/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Noxnitrongen oxide
• “brown” smog
• Sources- burning fuels in cars, power plants, industry
• Can contribute to respiratory problems, cancer, ACID RAIN
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
http://i.treehugger.com/images/2007/10/24/smog-jj-001.jpg
![Page 8: AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called: ______________________________ –Air should have ________, _________,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e4e5503460f94b44f03/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Soxsulfur dioxide
• “gray” smog
• Sources- burning fossil fuels, volcanic eruptions
• Contributes to ACID RAIN, secondary pollutants cause respiratory problems
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
http://www.epcc.pref.osaka.jp/apec/eng/history/images/ab11_01.gif
![Page 9: AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called: ______________________________ –Air should have ________, _________,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e4e5503460f94b44f03/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
VOCs
• Volatile means :vaporize (evaporate) into the air easily, and form toxic fumes
• Sources- burning fuels and off-gassing solvents (dry-cleaning)
• Contribute to SMOG, cause health problems, harm plants
![Page 10: AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called: ______________________________ –Air should have ________, _________,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e4e5503460f94b44f03/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Particulates
• Tiny bits of liquid or solid matter in the air
• Sources- construction, forestry, fires, vehicles, household products
• Can cause respiratory problems, cancer, erode buildings
![Page 11: AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called: ______________________________ –Air should have ________, _________,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e4e5503460f94b44f03/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
SECONDARY POLLUTANTSGround level
ozone
Wait a second…I thought we liked ozone?????
![Page 12: AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called: ______________________________ –Air should have ________, _________,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e4e5503460f94b44f03/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Ozone in the Stratosphere
• Helps protect the Earth from UV Rays
Ozone in the troposphere
• Pollutant• Causes respiratory
problems- asthma, shortness of breath, permanent lung injury
![Page 13: AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called: ______________________________ –Air should have ________, _________,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e4e5503460f94b44f03/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Ozone
• Energy from _________________ causes primary pollutants (NOx and VOCs) to interact and to attack O2
• Changes it to O3
• Worse in summer/ winter?
• Worse in urban/ rural areas?
![Page 14: AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called: ______________________________ –Air should have ________, _________,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e4e5503460f94b44f03/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
What can be done about air pollution?
• Clean Air Act (1970, enhanced in 1990)– Regulates vehicle emissions- catalytic converters
– Outlawed lead in gasoline• 95% fewer emissions than 30 years ago
– Requires industry to clean and monitor emissions• Scrubbers (electrostatic precipitators)-remove
![Page 15: AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called: ______________________________ –Air should have ________, _________,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e4e5503460f94b44f03/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
What can be done about air pollution?
• Emissions trading• Companies can only pollute so much• But can sell “extra” pollution rights
![Page 16: AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called: ______________________________ –Air should have ________, _________,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e4e5503460f94b44f03/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
California’s Zero-emission vehicle program
• Adopted in 1990
• No tail-pipe emissions
• Hybrid cars
• Battery operated cars
![Page 17: AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called: ______________________________ –Air should have ________, _________,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e4e5503460f94b44f03/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
• http://serc.carleton.edu/images/research_education/yellowstone/inversion.jpg
![Page 18: AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called: ______________________________ –Air should have ________, _________,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e4e5503460f94b44f03/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
What can make air pollution worse?
• Temperature inversions
– Layers of HOT air on top of COLD air
– If colder air is on bottom, polluted air is trapped
– Examples: LA, Mexico City, Donora PA
![Page 19: AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called: ______________________________ –Air should have ________, _________,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e4e5503460f94b44f03/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Donora, PA 1948 at 12 noon
Major employer was a zinc smelting factory – lots of air pollution
• Temperature inversion + smog + no wind
• 20 people died• 7,000 ill from smog
• Spectators couldn’t see football players on field
![Page 20: AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called: ______________________________ –Air should have ________, _________,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e4e5503460f94b44f03/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Air Pollution and health
SHORT TERM• Headache• Nausea• Eye and nose
irritation• Coughing• Respiratory infections
LONG TERM• Emphysema• Lung cancer• Heart disease• Lung damage
![Page 21: AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called: ______________________________ –Air should have ________, _________,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e4e5503460f94b44f03/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Indoor air pollution
• Sick building syndrome
• Newer houses are so air tight that they _________________ pollutants inside/outside
![Page 22: AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called: ______________________________ –Air should have ________, _________,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e4e5503460f94b44f03/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Indoor air pollutants
• VOCs-– Paints – Cleaners– Dry cleaning
• Radon– Gas from breakdown of uranium in underground rocks– 2nd leading cause of cancer in U.S.
• Asbestos– Insulation and Fire Retardant– Causes asbestosis
![Page 23: AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called: ______________________________ –Air should have ________, _________,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e4e5503460f94b44f03/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Indoor air pollutants
• Moth balls• Air fresheners• Candles• Cigarettes/ pipes• Unvented stoves/ heaters, fireplaces• Dirty air conditioning ducts• Paints• Formaldehyde from new cabinets , furniture,
rugs• CO from faulty heaters
![Page 24: AIR POLLUTION CHAPTER 12. When harmful substances build up in the air it is called: ______________________________ –Air should have ________, _________,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022062407/56649e4e5503460f94b44f03/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Other air pollution
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hx_yWFQvJT4