Air Pollution. Air Pollution: Has many effects on public health and the environment. Comes in...
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Transcript of Air Pollution. Air Pollution: Has many effects on public health and the environment. Comes in...
![Page 1: Air Pollution. Air Pollution: Has many effects on public health and the environment. Comes in different forms and from many sources. Ozone and Particulate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f2e5503460f94c486ba/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Air Pollution
![Page 2: Air Pollution. Air Pollution: Has many effects on public health and the environment. Comes in different forms and from many sources. Ozone and Particulate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f2e5503460f94c486ba/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Air Pollution:
• Has many effects on public health and the environment.
• Comes in different forms and from many sources.
• Ozone and Particulate matter are two types of Air Pollution that affect Kansas.
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![Page 4: Air Pollution. Air Pollution: Has many effects on public health and the environment. Comes in different forms and from many sources. Ozone and Particulate.](https://reader035.fdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062722/56649f2e5503460f94c486ba/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Primary Air Pollutants
• Carbon Monoxide CO from gas burning vehicles
• Nitrogen Oxides Nox from power plants and cars
• Sulfur Dioxide S02 from burning fossil fuels
• Volatile Organic Compounds VOC from burning fuels, vehicles are major source
• Particulate Matter PM from construction, agriculture, forest, fires
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Man Made Sources of NOx
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What is Ozone?
• An odorless, colorless gas composed of three oxygen atoms.
• Ozone in the upper atmosphere protects us from the sun’s harmful ultraviolet rays.
• At ground-level in the air we breathe, ozone (smog) poses serious risks to human health.
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There is a “hole’ in our Good Ozone
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Ozone is created by a chemical reaction:
Where Does Ozone Come From?
O3+ =
VOC + NOx + Heat + Sunlight = Ozone
VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds) and NOx (Nitrogen Oxides) come from motor vehicles,
power plants, industrial facilities, and other sources.
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Why is Ozone Bad to Breathe?
• The average adult breathes enough air to fill over 3,000 balloons each day. Children breathe even more!
• Ozone can irritate lungs and airways, and cause inflammation much like a sunburn on your lungs.
• Ozone can aggravate respiratory illnesses like asthma.
• 10 to 20% of summertime respiratory-related hospital visits in the Northeast are associated with ozone pollution.
• Children and people with chronic lung diseases are particularly at risk.
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Health Effects of Exposure to Ozone
• Coughing
• Nose and throat irritation
• Chest pain
• Reduced lung function
• Increased susceptibility to respiratory illnesses
• Aggravation of asthma
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Air Quality Index (AQI) Values
Levels of Health Concern
151 to 200
201 to 300
301 to 500
Unhealthy
Very Unhealthy
Hazardous
0 to 50
51 to 100
101 to 150
Good
ModerateUnhealthy
for Sensitive Groups
The Air Quality Index
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What Makes a Bad Ozone Day
in Kansas?
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Smog AlertNotification Areas
Interior CT
Southeastern MA
Coastal CT
Rhode Island
Western MA
Southern NH
Coastal ME
Central &Northeastern MA
• Notifies you by e‑mail or fax when ozone levels are predicted to be unhealthy in your area.
• Is available in most areas in New England.
• Is a free service.
• To receive Smog Alerts, register at (www.epa.gov/region01/oms)
Or contact Maine DEP’s Ozone Hotline at 1-800-223-1196
orwww.state.me.us/dep/air/ozone/
ozone.htm
Smog Alert Service
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What is Particulate Matter?• particles of different substances suspended in the air• in the form of solid particles and liquid droplets• particles vary widely in size
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Fine particles come from a variety of sources:• diesel trucks and buses• construction equipment• power plants • woodstoves• wildfires
Where does Pm come from?
Also, Chemical reactions in the atmosphere can transform gases into fine particles.
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• Fine particles are only a fraction of the size of a human hair.
How Fine is Fine?
Fine Particles(2.5 m)
Cross section of a human hair (magnified to 60 m)
Coarse Particles(10 m)
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Why are Fine ParticlesBad to Breathe?
• Scientific studies have linked fine particles with a series of significant health problems.
• Fine particles easily reach the deepest parts of the lungs.
• Particulate matter causes 15,000 premature deaths every year in the US.
• Fine particles from Diesel exhaust can cause lung cancer.
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Health Effects of Exposure to Fine Particles
• Premature death
• Aggravated asthma
• Respiratory-related emergency room visits and hospital admissions
• Acute respiratory symptoms
• Chronic bronchitis
• Decreased lung function (shortness of breath)
• People with existing heart and lung disease, as well as the elderly and children, are particularly at risk
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Reduce vehicle emissions:
Drive less
Keep cars well maintained and tires properly inflated
Turn off the engine when your vehicle is not in motion
Purchase low-emitting and fuel efficient vehicles
Share a ride, take public transportation bike, or walk
Cut your grass after 6 p.m.
Refuel your car after 6 p.m.
Combine errands into one trip
What Can You Do?
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What Can You Do?
Conserve electricity:
do not over-cool or over-heat buildings
turn off lights and appliances when not in use
Purchase electronics/appliances with energy star labels
To protect your health, avoid strenuous outdoor activities
when ozone levels are high