Air Force Research Laboratory
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Transcript of Air Force Research Laboratory
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University NanoSatellite ProgramNSF Small Satellites /Space Weather Workshop
17 May 2007
Dr. R. Scott Erwin
Academic Affairs Coordinator
Space Vehicles Directorate
Distribution Authorized to U.S. Government agencies and their contractors. Refer other requests for this document to AFOSR/PI
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Air Force Research Laboratory
AFOSR
Space Vehicles
Directed Energy
KIRTLAND
Sensors
Space Vehicles
HANSCOM
Munitions
EGLIN
HumanEffectiveness
MESA
Materials & Mfg
TYNDALLBROOKS
HumanEffectiveness
Sensors
Information
ROME
Propulsion
EDWARDS
Information
Air Vehicles
PropulsionMaterials & Mfg
Human EffectivenessSensors
WRIGHT-PATT
Headquarters
~6000 people, ~$1.5B annual budget, Commander @ WPAFB
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University NanoSatellite Program (UNP)
MANDATE
Develop a “Space cadre” of highly-trained US university students
Teach “hands-on” systems engineering through design, AI&T, launch and on-orbit operation of
student-built nanosatellites
SECONDARY GOALS
Develop militarily-relevant small satellite technologies
Develop US university space research capabilities
Background: Nanosat-2 launch on Delta 4 Heavy (2004)
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University NanoSatellite ProgramCycle Process Flow
AFOSR BAAProposals Due
Late CY Even Years
AFRL/AFOSR/AIAARank Proposals via BAA reqs
Universities selected and notified
January Odd Years
Kick off meeting
Competition begins
Early spring Odd Years
Grants awarded
(After Kick Off Meeting)
~110K / school over 2 years
Open to U.S. Universities only
Former Student PM’s now Professor PI’s
AFRL/VS
Program Management
Systems Eng
S/C Eng
Flight I&T
Winner!
Launch Opportunity
Via AFRL/SMC
(SERB)
Cycle Repeats every 2 Years – 2 Cycles running at any point in time
Flight Competition Review (FCR)Late March/Early April Odd Years
~2 years
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1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
University NanoSatellite History
NANOSAT-1/-2Arizona State
New Mexico State U Colorado-Boulder
StanfordBoston
Carnegie-MellonUtah State
Virginia TechWashington
NANOSAT-3 UT Austin
Washington U - St. LouisMichigan TechArizona State
Montana State - Bozeman Penn State
Taylor UU Colorado, BoulderU Hawaii at Manoa
U MichiganWorcester Polytechnic
New Mexico State Utah State
NANOSAT-4U CincinnatiU Minnesota
U Central FloridaSanta Clara U
Cornell U Missouri - Rolla
Texas A&MNew Mexico State
Washington U - St. LouisUtah State UT Austin
UNP 2 LaunchDelta IV HeavyDecember 2004
UNP 3 DownselectUT-Austin (FASTRAC)
January 2005
UNP 4 DownselectMarch 2007
UNP 2 Delivery3-Corner SatJanuary 2002
NANOSAT-5U Minnesota, Santa Clara U, Texas A&M, Michigan Tech, Washington U - St. Louis, Utah State U, Colorado U, Montana State, UT Austin,
Penn State, Boston U
UNP 2 LV IntegrationMay 2004
UNP 3 DeliverySummer
2006?
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University & Student Involvement
25 universities and >2500 students since 1999
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Project Objective• Provide flight demonstration capability to two
AFRL SBIR-developed low shock release devices
• Study ionospheric disturbances
• Measure upper atmosphere cloud formation
• Simulate formation flying capability
Technical Innovation / Approach• Three nearly identical independent satellites
built by three separate universities
• Each university plus AFRL launcher combined to form Nanosat-2
Impacts / Benefits• Education legacy of the Future Aerospace
Workforce
• Advertisement of AFRL for recruitment
• Dec 2004 – Nanosat-2 Three Corner Satellite (3CS) Launched on the first Delta IV Heavy Demo Mission
Nanosat-2 aloft Demosat on Delta IV Heavy
Delta-IV Heavy Liftoff
Three Corner Sat (University NanoSat 1/2)
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FASTRAC (University NanoSat 3)
(Formation Autonomous Satellite with Thrust, Relnav & Crosslink)
OBJECTIVE: Primary: Low-cost, small, precise GPS rel-nav metrologySecondary: Demo motorized Lightband separation system & Micro-Discharge Plasma Thruster
DESCRIPTION•One satellite maintains orbit altitude, the other is a drifting “control”
•Verified by GPS telemetry, potentially by ground-based tracking
http://fastrac.ae.utexas.edu/
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CUSat (University NanoSat-4)
OBJECTIVE
• Demonstrate and verify on orbit Carrier-phase Differential GPS for relative navigation
• Demonstrate an end-to-end autonomous on orbit visual inspection system.
DESCRIPTION
• Centimeter-level accurate Carrier-phase Differential GPS
• Cameras to gather target-satellite imagery
• Image-processing techniques to verify the CDGPS relative distance and orientation estimates Generation of a 3D model of the target satellite for the user.
http://cusat.cornell.edu/
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NanoSat-5
• Competition in progress
• Eleven schools participating
• Missions varied from ionospheric observations, to autonomous separation and GPS navigation, to remote sensing using GPS signals.
• Preliminary Design Review (PDR) will occur in August 2007 at the USU SmallSat Conference.
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AFRL Sponsored Activities
Hands-on Standard Sat-Fab Practices• Aerospace Engineering Facility (AEF) @ KAFB
• Includes clean room procedures, elec/mech fab
• All Universities participate (~50 Students on-site)
NS-4 PDR, Logan, UT, August 2005
Formal Review Process• SCR (System Concept) (t = 0)
• Internal AFRL/NASA review (telecon)
• PDR (6 months @ SmallSat, Logan, UT)
• ~20 Industry/Government reviewers
• CDR (~1 year @ each university campus)
• AFRL + selected others (industry) experts
• Proto-Qualification Review (1.5 years, @ SmallSat)
• Format as PDR w/ fully-built EDU
• FCR (Flight Competition) (2 years, Location varies)
• Formal Panel of Judges and Criteria w/ downselect
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SHOT – Student Hands-On Training Workshop
High Altitude BalloonPayload Workshop
Colorado Space GrantUniversity of ColoradoBoulder, CO
First Year:Standard Kit Payloads
Second Year:NanosatelliteSubcomponentPayloads(e.g. sensor, comm box, etc)
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Summary
• Program Success– Strong, persistent University participation– Strong support from AF and AIAA– NanoSat-1/2 launched– NanoSat-3 delivered and in-storage
• Upcoming Events– Working manifest for NanoSat-3 (UT-A) w/ SMC SDTW– NanoSat-4 (Cornell) slated for delivery Fall 2007– NanoSat-5 PDR August 2007, FCR ~Spring 2009
Questions?