01452FL-PP-01452

_~-.,.-..--_~~~~_ AGROPECUÁRIAHUMID TROPIC RESEARCH CENTER..

I "- A Speciolize<ECén1er JOEAgriculturol -ReseorctEiri3he "fitmiªropic5 .

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BUÉM-PARÁ-BRASIL

EMBRAPA

HUMID TROPIC RESEARCH CENTER

Director: HERMtNIO MAlA ROCHA

Assistant Directorsl WALMlR SALLES COUTOJOSe FURLAN JONIOR

Address Tv. Or. Enéas Pinheiro s/nP. O. Box - 4866.000 - Be1ém, Pará, Brazi1.Te1ephones: 26-1941

26-1541

!i5EMBRAPACENTRO DE PESQUISA AGROPECUÁRIA DO TRÓPICO ÚMIDO

EMSRAPAHUMID TROPIC RESEARCH CENTER

PURPOSE:

The creation of the Humid Tropic Research Center (CPATU)was inspired by the Institutional and Operative Model of theBrazilian Agricultural Research Service (EMBRAPA). Its goal is tosubstantially increase the development of new technologies toserve brazilian agriculture.

CPATU, with headquarters in Belém, State of Pará, hasas its main objectives the utilization of the renewable naturalresources available in the region of the hurnid tropics andthe creation of more profitalbe and permanent production systems.

As a research unit concerned with renewable naturalresources, it is CPATU'S responsibility to study soil-plant-climate and sOil-plant-animal-climate interactions for developingbetter production systems, without detriment to the balanceof thenatural ecosystems.

The aim of the Center is to function in close connection with organizations devoted to research and technical assistance in the states, with universities, with private orga~izations, and with regional organs within the brazilian humidtropics in order to combine efforts and avoid the unnecessaryduplications of research activities.

Tv. Dr. Eneas Pinheiro s/n: • Cx, Postal. 48 . Fones PABX 26-1541 • Diretoria 26-1941 • CEP 66000BELÉ~l PARÁ

EMBRAPA

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The objective of CPATU is, therefore, to generate technology which can be made available to the producer of theArnazonRegion in such a way as to permit an increase in pr~duction and productivity within areas of structured agricu!ture and to make possible the conquest of new areas throughexpansion of the agricultural frontier.

FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE

The functional structure of CPATU is characterized bya nigh concentration of hurnan and financial resources devotedexclusively to the development of agricultural technologysuited to the conditions of the HurnidTropics.

Adrninistration: Advisory Council, Director and Assistant D.irectors.

Technical Activities: Coordination of projects andCoordination of Systems andEconomic Analysis, Dissemination of Technology and SatelliteActivities.

Support Activities: Docurnentation and informationSectors, Laboratories, Experlment Stations, and Adrninistrative Services.

The technical and scientific personnel, in accordancewith EMBRAPA'S own Institutional Model,are multidisciplinary,involved with problems or a whole complex of ~oblems. coveringthe various areas of agricultural research.

EMBRAPA

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AREA OF OPERATION

CPATU is developing a concentrated effort in strate-gically selected areas in the hurnid tropical region,accordingto guidelines brough t about by earlier studies which, at the mQ

ment, constitute centers of interest due to their potentialand the facilities provided for a m~re rapid development.

Basx caLl.y , these areas are included in the POLAMAZONIA~located on or near to connective highway networks, which areun~ergoing intensive colonization.

This approach attempts to avoid scattering of activities over areas which are unrepresentative of the region anddirect research toward meeting the demand for inform?tionwhich und0ubtecly will be reqüired during the process ofexploitation or occupation.

The Center's research activities are carried out inCPATU's own facilities (Belém, Tracuateua, Marajú, Bajxo Am~zonas) and in conjun~tiun with other EMBRAPAunits (NationalCenter of Rubber Research, State Research Units of Altamira,Manaus, Porto Velho, and Rio Branco)in additionto Cnoperativeefforts with other organizations and producers.

RESEARCH PROGRAHThe Center is developing a dynamic and flexible prQ

gram whose final objetive is to generate technology for theformulation of agricultural production systems apprcpriate forthe HurnidTropics. Initial efforts are beí.nq made with theidea of producing results over a short period of time, guidedby practical considerations, in order to ~rovide the supportrequired by development programs in progress or to be initiatedthrough the POLAMAZONIA program or through other special prQgrams of an official or private nature.

* Programa de Polos Agropecuárias e Agrominerais da Amazonia.

EMBRAPA

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HlGH PRlORlTY PRODUCTS:

Initially, greater emphasis was given to products whichhave proved tO'be more important in the regional agriculturalproduction, or to those with prospects of contributing, withina short period of time, to an improved perfor~ance of the sector, given the favorable ecological conditions of extensiveareas and the potential of domestic and foreign markets.

For the flood plain areas, high priority was given toresearch on jute, rice, and beef and dalry water buffaloes.

ln the upland areas, products wirh better prospec~sare cacao, African 011 palm,black pepper, guaraná, rubber andBrazil nuts among the :-erennialcrops, and malva (a fiber plantlupland rice, cowpea, cassava and corn as short-cycle crops.

As for livestock production in the upland areas,specialemphasis was given to research on beef and dairy cattle,involv-ing aspects of animal management and livestock improvement,through breeding,in conjunction with the aggressive Pasturelmprovement Program in the Brazilian Amazon Region ( PROPASTO l,being carried out by CPATU.

The program, in its initial phase, consists ofprojec:ts~

three

lNVENTORY OF NATURAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC RESOURCES

This project i5 an attempt to discover, delineate andevaluate natural and socio-economic resources of the humidtropical ~egion for their best utilization in agriculturalactivities.

Based on available and current knowledge on soils,veg~tation, climate, water resources, occurance of mineraIs usedin agriculture, species of native forage crops, rural structures, input market, etc., map~ will be prepared to help

EMBRAPA

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define priority areas for the implementation of research oriented to the best use of resources and to development of pr~duction systems.

The outcome of this work will make it possible tobring together data on various levels which will permit thedefinition of different ecological systems, besides pointingout, in varying degrees, factors which limit agricultural activities.

Once these areas have been selected and a more detailed evaluation rr.ade,the priori ty aspects to be researC'hed willbe defined with the objetivé of identifying ecosystems repr~sentative of the great amazonian geosystem.

In a later phase, information will be obtained foreach ecosystem and as a result,production systems compatiblewith their potential,as ~11 as wi.th maintenance of ecologicalequi1ibrium, wi11 be defined.

Component sub-project are listed in Annex I.

UTILIZATION OF NATURAL AND SOCIO-ECONOHIC RESOURCES

This project is designed to generate technology to overcome or reduce factors limiting the best utilization of natural and socio-economic resources. Basica11y, the limitingfactors are: low natural ferti1ity and high levels of acidityin most soi1si periods of heavy rainfall or of prolongeddrought in some areaSi environrnental conditions favoring theincidence and dissemination of pests and diseases of crops,etc.

The research undertaken through this project seeks toprovide the necessary to01s for the maintenance of thebalanceof nature, either of the soil-climate-p1ant and or soil-climate-plant-animal ecosystems associated with the dynamics'of utilization of these resources. In the particular case ofthe amazon region, this research takes on a fundamental impo~tance for profitable and permanent uti1ization of the resarrces

EMBRAPA

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in traditional agricultural areas andductive process will be incorporatedagricultural frontiers.

in thosethrough

where the pr9.expansion of

Component sub-projects are listed in Annex I.

PRODUCTION SYSTEMS

This project aims to implement new production systernsby product or by agricultural production systems, and toimprove those already existing in the various natural ecosystems of the humid tropical region of Brazil.

Its strategy involves the development of systems ofproduction designed to obtain high and profitable yields ofagricultural products and, at the same time satisfactorilymaintain the balance of the regional ecosystem.

Research carried out in the short run is intended toestablish systemsof production whose function is to aid indevelopment programs in the humid tropical region (POLAMAZONIAand other special programs). Preliminarily, production sy~tems will be formulated based on technology being used byproducers, complemented by available knowledge generated byresearch. The starting point is an inventory of productionsystems in use in the region. Familiarization with these sy~tems will help to direct CPATU'S research program in givinggreater emphasis to the problems which hinder production andwhich, at the same time serve as basis for research to developideal systems of production.

Component sub-projects are listed in Annex I.

INVENTORY PROJECT(generalized flow chart)

SURVEY OF BASICRESOURCES

!SELECTION AND ANALYSIS

OF RESOURCE INFORMATION

!MULTIDISCIPLlNARY EVALUATION

1IDENTI FlCATION OF

PRIORITY PROBLEM AREASr>.~------~ ~--~----~INDICATION OF

RESOURCE UTILlZATIONfORMULATIONõ RESEARCH

SUB- PROJECTS

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UTILIZATION PROJECT( action flow chart )

• NEUTRALlZA110N• GENETIC TOL E R AliCE• At'" / NUTRIENTS RATlO

• OEGREE OF SATURATION• APPLlCATlON METHOOS• ASSIMILATlON BY PLAIITS

I HIGH ACIDITY I PHJSPHORUSFIXATION

'""AOE ERWON~1""'-S-O-I-L-I~r---N-U-TR-iE-N-T-'"AND LEACHING .. DEFICIENCIES

• SOIL PHYSIC ANO NANAGEMENT• PLANT COVER

• SOIL MANAGEMENT• APPLICATlml METHOOS• INCREMENT OF ORGANIC II.ATTER• NITROGEN FIXATION

1\,....-------,HIGH

ffiECIPITATION

CLIMATE

• GENETIC RESISTANCE• EPIDEMIOLOGY• FWlJLATIONAL FLUCTUATlON• OEITNSlVE APPLlCATlON METHOOS

WATERDEF1CI T S

• SOlL MANAGEMEHT• FERTlLlZER APPLICATION MElHOOS• WATER BALANCE

• WATER BALANCE• SOlL / V/ATER / PLANT RELATlONSo GENETIC RESISTANCr.

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PRODUCTION SYSTEMS PROJECT( action Ilow ehart )

INVENTORYOF THESYSTEMS IN USE

JlIMITING FACTORS

!IFDRMULATK:lNOF NEW SYSTEMS I

JRESEARCH PROGRAM

JANALYSIS r:F RESULTS

!I TEST OF NEW SYSTEMS

!DISSEMINATION OF

NEW TECHNOLOGY

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DYNAMICS OF THE PROJECTS

INVENTORY

1 1[ UTILlZATION

! rI'---_PRO_DUC_TI_ON_S_YS_TEM__ I.c-: ~~

ANIMAL PRODUCTIONSYSTEM ~~:_-~~~I CROP PROOUCTIONSYSlIM~~ .c-:AGRICULTURALPRODucnCN SYSTEM

EM8RAPA

EXECUTORS .:. 11 -

The CPATU research program is carried outmu1tidiscip1inary research teams in accordance withResearch Centers for agricultural products from otherthe country, and with organizations of research orassistance unrelated to EMBRAPA.

by localNational

parts oftechnical

CPATU currently has 56 researchers assigned to teams inthe three projects. They are listed in Annex 11.

This number will be increased to 60 for the year 1977,in addition to 6 Japanese specialists who will be added to theteams through the agreement on scientific cooperation whichEMBRAPA/CPATU maintains with the Japanese government. A cooEerative program with the German government and with the CornellUniversity, U.S.A. is in the planning stages.

COORDINATION AND SUPERVISION

The coordination and supervisioncarried out by the Head of the Technicaland by the Project Coordinators.

of research work isAdvisory Committee

RESOURCES

To carry out its research programs,EMBRAPA'S own resources and on specialPOLAMAZONIA, BASA*, and SUDAM**.

CPATU dependsprograms such

onas

For the 1977 fiscal year CPATU'S budget isCR$ 39,000,000.00 (thirty-nine million cruzeiros).

* Banco da Amazônia Sociedade Anônima.Superintendência de Desenvolvimento da Amazônia.**

EMBRAPA

ANNEX I

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LIST OF RESEARCH PROJECTS AND SUB-PROJECTS

1. INVENTORy OF NATURAL AND SOCIO-ECONO~lIC RESOURCES

SUB-PROJECTS

_______ Agricultural zoning of the humid tropics of Brazil

Socio-economic research related to products andfactors of production in the Amazon Region.

Taxonomic and ecological study of the flora of theAmazon Region.

Studies on anatomy and durability of Amazon timbers.

Survey, identification and population fluctuationof .insects pest of rice, corn, beans, cassava,malva and guaranã in areas of the humid tropics.

Survey, identificationand bacteria affectingpalm, and guaranã.

and pathogenicity of fungijute, malva, African oil

Survey, identification and population fluctuationof jute pests in the Country of Alenquer.

EMBRAPA

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2. UTILIZATION OF NATURAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC RESOURCES

SUB-PROJECTS

Agamic propagation of guaraná.

National corn trials.

Prospecting study of native populations of Elaeisrnelanococca.

African oil palrn germplasrna bank.

Genetic irnprovernent of rnalva (Urena lobata L.) inthe Amazon Region.

Introduction and selection of paddy rice cultivars.

Selection of black pepper ( Piper nigrurn L.) cultivars.

Guaraná germplasrna bank.

Tests of resistance of forage grasses to "cigarrinha"(spittle bug) (Deois irncornpleta)in the AmazonRegion.

Study of the decline of cassava yields due to reduction of leaf area index .

...•.

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Epidemiology and control of anthracnose in guaraná

Physiology and chemical control of Fusarium solanif. piperi, the agent of " drying off" disease ofbranches of the black pepper planto

Release of nutrients of various fertilizers underdifferent soil and climate conditions in the AmazonRegion.

The behaviour of vigna bean cultivars under climateand soil conditions of the.Amazon Region and NPKfertilization.

Response of black pepper to various levelsfertilization.

of NPK

Bioclimatology of the malva planto

Bioclimatologyof corno

Survey, pathogenicity and control of nematodesassociated with crops of economic interest in theAmazon Region.

Study of factors influencing the quality ofseeds.

guaraná

Study of germination ofexcelsa H.B.V.).

( BertholletiaBrazil nuts

EMBRAPA

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Productivity of the African oi1 pa1m ecosystem anda1terations in the properties of the soi1.

Study of the ecosystem of the Bio10gica1 Reserve ofMocambo (CPATU reserve) (soi1-vegetation corre1ation).

Study of the root system of the guaraná planto

Bromatological study of regional fruit crops and pr~1iminary studies of their industrial utilization.

Utilization of latifoliate species of the humidical forest and of jute crop residues as raw materialfor obtaining cellulose for paper.

Methods of identification of water buffaloes.

Weed control in floodable pasture land.

Introduction and evaluation of forage plants infloodable land areas.

Development of parasitological research on water buffaloes in the State of Pará.

Breeding of mays for different technology levels in theamazon region.

Breeding of jute (C.Capsularis) in the amazon region.

Evaluation of CPATU'S germplasm bank of cassava.

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~. PRODUCTION SYSTEMS

SUB-PROJECTS

Behaviour of different production systems of two-cropinterplantings of perennial plants.

Productivity of Amazon 30ils and ecological changesunder different management systems.

Evaluation of different multiple production systemswith short-cycle crops for the Brazilian Humid Tropics.

Screening of different multiple cropping systems withsubsistence crops appropriate to the various ecologicalconditions of the Amazon Region.

Production systems of Cacao grown undershade in structured red soil.

rubber-tree

Evaluation of different rice cropping systems for theflood plains of the Caeté River.

Development of cropping systems of malva at differenttechnological levels.

Experimental cropping systems for cassava.

Intercropping oí Brazil nuts with crops ofimportance.

economic

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Study of cowpea production (Vigna sinensis L. ),interp1anted with different crops.

Interp1anting of black pepper with cropsnematocide action.

having

Productive performance of dairy water buffa1oes.

Cow-calf productive performance of bovine and waterbuffalo beef cattle on native grasslands.

Supplementary feeding of water buffalo beef cattleduring the flood period of the Amazon River.

Supplementary feeding of yearling beef cattle, inpastures utilizing bonemeal and dicalcium phosphate.

Evaluation of methods for utilization of water buffaloes as draft animals.

Productive performance and preservation of water buffaloes of the Carabao breed and of the Baio type.

Fattening of bovines and water buffaloes on pastures.

Production of breeding stock of dairy water buffaloes.

Economic analysis of newdeveloped by CPATU.

techniques of production

ANNEX II - LIST OF CPATU RESEARCHERS

P R O J E C T

INVENTORY OF NATURAL RESOURCES

NUMERICALN A M E FIELD OF SPECIALIZATION DEGREE

ORDER

01 Alfredo Kingo Oyama Homma Economics M. S.

02 BeJdito Nelson Rodrigues da Silva Soil-Photointerpretation M.S.(Coordinator)

03 Irenice Alves Rodrigues Botany-Taxonomy M.S.

04 Mário Dantas Ecology M.S.

05 Cesar Barreira Sociology M.S.

I-'<»I

r11~trJ:;o)I-1.l:>

ANNEX II (Continued)

P R O J E C T

UTILIZATION OF NATURAL RESOURCESNUMERICAL

ORDER N A M E FIELD OF SPECIALIZATION DEGREE

Ph.D.B.S.M.S.M.S.M.S.M.S.B.S.M.S.M.S.Ph.D.B.S.M.S.M.S.M.S.M.S.M.S.M.S.M.S.

B.S. --I

•...\D

EntomologyWood TechnologySoil Fertili tyPlant PathologySoil FertilityPlant PhysiologySoil - PedologyPlant PathologyPlant PathologyClay MineralogySoil - Chem1strySeed TechnologySoil MicrobiologySoil FertilitySoil Management and ConservationFood TechnologySeed TechnologyPlant Pathology

010203

04

05

0607

08091011121314

15161718

1 19

_J

,

Antonio de Brito SilvaCélio Francisco Marques de MeloEmmanuel de Souza CruzFrancisco das Chagas Oliveira FreireGladys Ferreira de SouzaGeraldo Gonçalves dos Reis!talo cláudio FalesiMaria de Lourdes Reis DuarteMareio de AssisYasuo KitagawaRegina Freire MollerFrancisco José Câmara FigueiredoJosé Maria Gusmão FerrazRaimundo Freire OliveiraJosé Ernesto Souto BezerraRaimunda Fátima Ribeiro NazaréJosé Edmar Urano de CarvalhoFernando Carneiro de AlbuquerqueRaimundo Evandro B. Mascarenhas Agricu1tural Engineering

ANNEX II (Cont~nued)

P R O J E C T

NUMERICALORDER N A M E

PLANT PRODUCTION SYSTEM

FIELD OF SPECIALIZATION DEGREE---M.S.B.S.M.S.

B.S.

B.S.B.S.M.S.M.S.B.S.B.S.B.S.B.S.M.S.M.S.M.S.M.S.B.S.B.S.

1

'"O

01 Dilson Augusto Capucho Frazão02 Eloisa Maria Ramos Cardoso03 Emeleocipio ~otelho de Andrade

( Coordinator )04 Filadelfo Tavares de sã

05 Luis Alberto Freitas Pereira06 Milton Albuquerque07 Milton Guilherme da Costa Mota08 Raimundo Parente de Oliveira09 José Francisco de Assis F. da Silva10 Antonio Agostinho Müller11 Nina Rosãria Maradei Müller12 Aristóteles Fernando F. de Oliveira13 Areolino ~~tos14 Antonio Rioyei Higa15 Armando Kouzo Kato16 Ingrid Peter17 David Michael O'Grady18 Jefferson Felipe da Silva

Fie1d CropsField CropsPlant Breeding

Communication (TechnologyTransfer)

Fie1d CropsField CropsP1ant BreedingStatisticsField CropsField CropsField CropsField CropsField CropsForestryFielà CropsPlant BreedingIrrigationField Crops

"

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ANNEX II (Cont~nued)

PROJECT

ANIMAL PRODUCTION SYSTEM

NUMERICALORDER N A ME - DEGREEFIELD OF SPECIALIZATION

01 Ari Pinheiro Camarão02 Antonio Roberto Ferreira da Silva03 Cristo Nazaré Barbosa do Nascimento

( Coordinator )04 Ermenson Peçanha Salimos05 Ernesto Dias Moreira06 Emanuel Adilson de Souza ~rrão07 Guilherme Pantoja Calandrini de Azevedo08 Cacilda Borges do Valle09 Jonas Bastos da Veiga

( Coordinator of PROPASTO10 José Ferreira Teixeira Neto11 Ezequiel Borges do Valle12 Luiz Octávio Danin de Moura Carvalho13 Raimundo Nonato Guimarães Teixeira14 José Roberto Lourenço Junior

Forage Crops and PasturesForage Crops and PasturesAnimal Husbandry

Animal HusbandryAnimal HusbandryForage Crops and PasturesForage Crops and PasturesAnimal PhysiblogyAnimal Nutrition

Forage Crops and PasturesAnimal ManagementAnimal HusbandryForage Crops and PasturesAnimal Management

B.S.B.S.M.S.

B.S.B.S.Ph.D.B.S.Ph.D.M.S.

M.S •Ph.D.B.S.B.S.M.S.

...,•....