Aim: Explain the advantages for each side of the American Revolution. Do Now: Write down advantages and/or disadvantages for the Americans and the British. American Revolution British AdvantagesAmerican Advantages Best military/navy in world Many more soldiers Organization Raise money easily Know the geography Patriotism fighting for a belief Didnt have to win the war, just fight long enough until GB quit War of attrition Americans Divided Loyalists those loyal to GB 20% Patriots rebels against GB 40% Neutral not taking a side 40% Loyalists many in cities (especially NY) Aim: How did the Continental Army have problems and how did Washington try to solve them? Do Now: How was the Second Continental Congress acting as a government? American Revolution Continental Army Raising an army was difficult Continental Army made up of state militias Untrained and undisciplined Poorly funded Low on supplies Continental currency worthless British Army Greater amount of soldiers Mercenary a professional soldier hired to fight for a foreign country Hessian/German Control of cities important Battle of Trenton Christmas night (1776) surprise attack on British Washington crosses Delaware River American success use supplies Win Battle of Princeton 8 days later American pride and soldiers increase New York After GB retreat from Boston, aim at NY July 1776 Gen. Howe to NY 9,000 Hessian mercenaries Several months battle Americans retreat to NJ Homework Short Response on the beginning of the American Revolution. Include Lexington and Concord Second Continental Congress Fort Ticonderoga Bunker Hill Boston Declaration of Independence New York Battle of Trenton Aim: How did GB plan to win the war and how did the U.S. stop the plan? Do Now: Extra Credit Due Today Take out Short Response Homework Why was the Battle of Trenton significant? American Revolution British Strategy Seize the Hudson River Valley Cut off New England from rest of colonies Burgoyne North to South St. Leger West to East Howe - Philadelphia Colonists must stop this strategy from being successful Battle of Saratoga (1777) Gen. Horatio Gates of northern Continental Army Gen. Burgoyne of GB March from Canada to Saratoga Redcoats wet and tired after retreat and weather Surrender Colonists stop GB strategy to divide colonies Effects of Saratoga TURNING POINT OF THE REVOLUTION France now confident to publicly aid colonies Funds Supplies Troops Navy Spain sends aid as well European Help Military officer sent to give colonies experience Marquis de Lafayette French Command of army division Baron von Steuben German Command of training army Army adopts his methods Bayonets long steel knives attached to end of musket Valley Forge American losses at Germantown and Brandywine Army led by Washington retreats to Valley Forge Spend the winter of Starvation, disease, death, lack of clothes, cold, Aim: How was the war fought throughout the colonies? Do Now: What was the British strategy ? Take out DBQ American Revolution War in the West Joseph Brant Mohawk chief Ally with GB Attack colonial settlements George Rogers Clark US colonel Leads surprise attack at Battle of Vincennes Strengthens US control of West War at Sea GB blockades American harbors Blockade prevent supplies from entering a port US Navy 13 warships Privateers privately owned ship that US government gives permission to attack GB ships Legal pirates Successful War at Sea John Paul Jones US naval officer Bonhomme Richard (Am.) vs. Serapis (GB) Off coast of GB 1779 US victory I have not yet begun to fight. Benedict Arnold General of Continental Army Brave and determined Success in upstate NY against GB Traitor who went to side of GB Married a Loyalist Felt under-appreciated Aim: How did the war in the South turn in favor of America? Do Now: Who were Lafayette and von Steuben and why were they important for the Cont. Army? American Revolution War in the South GB captures Savannah, Georgia GB captures Charleston, South Carolina Lord Cornwallis in control of GB south Defeats Gen. Gates in S.C. Guerrilla Warfare Difficult to defeat GB in formal battle Surprise, hit-and-run attacks Led by Francis Marion in S.C. A.K.A. Swamp Fox Caused chaos in south for GB General Greene Gen. Nathanael Greene replaces Gates as commander in South Split army in two Half attack and defeat GB at Cowpens, S.C. Half join Marion in guerrilla tactics Control Carolinas Cornwallis retreats to Yorktown in Chesapeake Bay, VA French Aid? 1780 Washington planning to attack NY Wait for French navy Hears French navy traveling to Virginia not NY Secret plan to attack at Yorktown and not NY Yorktown Rochambeau commander of French soldiers in US Lafayette commanding French-Continental Army in VA Washington leading troops Francois de Grasse French naval commander heading for Chesapeake Bay Trap redcoats by land and sea Battle of Yorktown 1781 Washingtons plan works to perfection Bombardment of Yorktown Cornwallis surrenders Last important battle of the war Aim: How did the war come to an end? Do Now: Paragraph Explain the war in the South - Gen. Gates loss in S.C. - French aid? - Guerrilla warfare - Battle of Cowpens American Revolution Treaty of Paris 1783 America was independent Boundaries Canada in North, Mississippi in West, Florida in South Repayment of debts Property returned to Loyalists that were taken away Why the Americans Won Knew the geography Guerrilla warfare Washingtons leadership PATRIOTISM War of attrition just fight long enough until British quit French aid Concerns After War Equality for all?? Women and slaves Can a republic survive? Uniting the states? Effects of War 25,000 Americans dead More dead from camp and prisons than battle States in massive debt Influences the French Revolution