Andrographis paniculata (Acanthaceae),commonly known as kalmegh, is used asa wonder drug in traditional and tribalmedicineIts extract exhibits anti-typhoid, anti-fungal,anti-hepototoxic, anti-biotic, anti-malarial,anti-hepatitic, anti-thrombogenic and ingeneral used as an immunostimulant

Agro-techniques for Kalmegh

Dry biomass yield of Kalmegh at harvest

Kalmegh produce higher dry biomassyield (the economic yield as well) duringsummer (Jan-May) than kharif season.

Summer crop requires 4-5 irrigations toproduce higher yield while the fairlydistributed rainfall is sufficient for thekharif crop.

Black pepper cultivation on doublehedgerows of Gliricidia sepium

Advantage

1. Harvesting of pepper berries becomeseasy, by local made small ladder.

2. It provides 6 times greater cover, tospread with pepper vines, compared toits traditional cultivation on arecanutpalm.

Kalmegh should be grown duringsummer season under irrigated conditionwith 45 x 30 cm spacing along with basalapplication of FYM @ 12.5 t/ha to gethigher biomass yield and net returnsunder Island conditions.

Black pepper cultivation on Gliricidia hedgerows

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Method

1. Double hedgerows are raised, withrooted stem cutting (50 cm length and 10cm diameter) of Gliricidia sepium, onsloppy / upland.

2. Within a hedgerow plant to plantdistance (Glricidia) is 50 cm.

3. Hedgerow to hedgerow distance withina double hedgerows is 1 m.

4. Double hedgerows to double hedgerowsdistance is 6 m or more.

5. Black pepper (Panniyur-1) is raised in thespace (1 m) between two hedgerows ofthe double hedgerows, at 50cm distance,closer to the hedgerows (30cm), andpepper vies are trailed on the respectivehedgerow.

6. Space between the two doublehedgerows, called alley, is utilized forvegetable cultivation.

Cost of cultivation : Rs. 25,000 ha-1.Yield : 1.5 to 1.8 t ha-1yr-1 from 4th yearonwards.

Black pepper cultivation on Gliricidia hedgerows

Advantage1. It makes harvesting of pepper berries

easy, by local made ladder.2. It provides three times greater canopy

cover, to spread with the pepper vines,compared to its traditional cultivation onarecanut palm.

Method

1. Gliricidia standards are planted betweentwo coconuts within a row and betweenrows with rooted stem cutting (1 mheight and 10 cm diameter) during drymonths (February to April).

Income : 1.5 lakh ha-1 from black pepper, 0.3lakh ha-1 from vegetable and total 1.8 lakh ha-1.

Black pepper cultivation on Gliricidia in homegardens

2. At two spacings, i.e. 7.5 x 7.5 m and 7.5 x3.75 m, total 534 standards can beaccommodatedin one hectare coconutplantation (7.5x7.5 m).

3. Two to three seedlings (root cuttings) ofblack pepper (Panniyur-5) are plantednear (30cm)the each Gliricidia standardduring rainy season.

4. The Gliricidia standards are maintainedat 2.5 m height and 0.75 to 0.90 m canopyspread by pruning from the 3rd yearonwards.

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Cost of cultivation : Rs. 20,000 ha-1.Yield : 0.8 to 1.1 t ha -1yr-1 (1.5 to 2.0 kgstandard-1).

Black pepper cultivation on Gliricidia homegardens

Black pepper cultivation on Gliricidia live fencing of homegardens

Eulophia andamanensis inside Orchidarium Eulophia andamanensis in 50% agroshadenetcondition

Production technology of indigenous green orchidEulophia andamanensis in bay Islands

Income : Rs. 1.2 to 1.5 lakh ha-1yr-1from 6th yearonwards.

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Potential of technology: Eulophiaandamanensis can be grown in open fieldcondition under coconut plantation with 50%agro shade net. From the third year 3spikes/plant with 2-3 suckers /plant and the 5th yearit produces 5-6 spikes/plant and 4-5 spikes/plant/year in potted condition. As it has gottremendous potential in the internationalmarket owing to its green colour and longspikes, it can be taken up as a business in large

scale by the farmers by utilizing their landunder coconut plantation and also byconstructing a small shade net house, withmaintenance of appropriate climaticparameters.

Economics: The estimated rate of the spike isRs.10/-/spike. If grown in 100m2, the netprofit for the farmer is estimated to be Rs.45000-54000 at 5 years. The B/C ratio is 4.5:1.

Vase life experiments of Eulophia andamanensis

Soil and Climate :

Can be grown in all types of soil even inthe wastelands and saline affected areas

It grows in varied agro climaticconditions and tropical humid climate of

Production technology of NoniA & N Islands are much congenial for itsbetter growth.

Propagation : By seeds and stem cuttings

Spacing : 4 x 4m

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Pruning : Plants of less than 3 years of ageshould be pruned after their first productionof fruit (reduces the risk of pest and diseases).

Fertilizer dose : 10-20-20 kg NPK/ha

Harvest and yield : Fruits can be harvestedwhen they change their color from green toyellowish green.

Yield :

It yields 10kg/plant after 24 months.

Noni yields up to 250- 300 kg/tree under better cultivation condition after 7-8 years.

MOTHER PLANT OF SOUR SOPSOUR SOP SQUASH

Preparation of sour sop squash from sour sop plant

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Coconut shell should be used aftervarnishing. It enhances beauty anddurability of the coconut shell.

The medium for growth should bebroken bricks, charcoal, coconut husk at

ratio of (1:1:2) with proper drainage.

The estimated expenditure is Rs.20/- per10 hanging pots with the net income ofRs.200/- per 10 hanging pots.

Production technology of traditional flowers in Bay Islands

MARIGOLD

Potential of technology: As the crop is free from pestand disease attack, the farmers have opted thetechnology for growing marigold in large scale whichin turn has improved their cost of living. The varietyPusa Narangi is mostly preferred due to higher flowerproduction. The farmer by following this technologyhas taken up 19.7q/ha in marigold with a gross returnof Rs.1, 15,400/ha.

Economics: The market value of the marigold flowersis Rs.40/-/ kg. The B/C ratio is 3.05:1.

Dendrobiumformosum

Oberonia sp. Cymbidiumaloifolium

Dendrobiumcrumenatum

Indigenous orchids like Cymbidiumbicolor, Dendrobium crumenatum,D.formosum, Oberonia iridifolia etc. werefound suitable to be grown in the coconutshell.

Indigenous orchids can be grown incoconut shell which will utilize coconutwaste effectively and fetch good incometo farmers.

Technology of Growing Indigenous Orchids In Coconut Shell

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TUBEROSE

Potential of technology: Planting of bulbs at 20x20cmwith a population of 2, 00,000 plants/ha in 80%growing area gives highest yield of spikes, flowers andbulbs. Average yield of 4.5to 9.5tons/ha/yr in the plantcrop, 8.5 to 12.5 ton/ha/yr in the first ratoon crop and4.0 to 5.4 ton/ha/yr in the second ratoon cropdepending on the size of bulbs .

Economics: The market value of tuberose flower is Rs.100-150/kg and spike rate is Rs.1-2/spike. The B/Cratio is 2.05:1.

CROSSANDRA

Potential of technology:For 1ha of crop of crossandraabout 22.5g seeds is required. The var. Aboli can besuccessfully grown through out the year with thespacing of 50x50cm accommodating 40,000plants/ hawith the yield of 4 tonnes/ha with the net benefit ofRs. 8, 85,000/-/ha. Successful and commercialcultivation created a positive impact and uplifted thesocio-economic conditions of the farmers in the villages.

Economics: Crossandra is a money earner as the priceof the flowers in the various markets ranges fromRs.300-500/-/kg .The B/C ratio is 3.90:1.

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Post harvest technology of West Indian Cherry

Ripe and Unripe West Indian Cherry fruits

Recipes for the preparation of squashfromWest Indian Cherry Fruit.

Raw Material : SquashWest Indian Cherry Fruit(g) : 400Juice (ml) : 125Sugar (g) : 500Water (ml) : 375KMS (mg) : 8Cost of production/litre (Rs.) : 35.00Recipes for preparation of pickles from

West Indian Cherry fruitRaw material : For picklesWest Indian Cherry fruit (g) : 1kgSalt : 150gMustard oil : 200gMustard powder : 150gTurmeric powder : 15gFenugreek : 25gCumin : 15gSaunf : 15gRed chilli powder : 10gCost of production/kg (Rs.) : 60.00

Recipes for preparation of preserves fromWest Indian Cherry fruit

Raw material : For preserves

West Indian Cherry fruit (g) : 400

Sugar (g) : 500

Water (ml) : 100

Cost of production/kg (Rs.) : 25.00

Flow diagram for the preparation of West Indian Cherry fruit squash

Preserve and pickle prepared fromWest Indian cherry fruits

Syrup (500 Sugar + 375 water)

Heating

Filtration

Cooling

Selection of West Indian cherry fruit

Extraction of juice

125ml Juice

Heating

Adding of KMS

Bottling

Storage

Dilution 1:6

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