Agriculture Agriculture & Textile Industry& Textile Industry

The main features of The main features of Industrial RevolutionIndustrial Revolution

T e ch n o lo g ica l S o c ioe co no m ic C u ltu ra l

In d u stria l R e vo lu tion

Pre-Industrial SocietyPre-Industrial Society

Farming – Middle ages

–Villages fed themselves

–One field left fallow (crop free) so it could regain fertility between plantings

Pre-Industrial SocietyPre-Industrial Society

Disadvantages

–Land use inefficient

–Didn’t try new farming methods

Churning ButterChurning Butter

Farming ToolsFarming Tools

Farming ToolsFarming Tools

Life on the farmLife on the farmThink/DiscussThink/Discuss

What is good about this kind of work?

What is bad about this kind of work?

Forces for Change–Population growing – more

food needed

Think/Discuss: Why would farmers need to have many children?

Enclosure Movement– Fenced in common pastures– Villages lost land to wealthy land

owners; poor became poorer as they worked on another person’s farm.

Crop Rotation: Discuss what it isCrop Rotation: Discuss what it is

Agricultural RevolutionAgricultural Revolution

Crop Rotation

–Nutrients replenished by planting other crops

–Not left inefficiently fallow

Where did this Agricultural Where did this Agricultural Revolution All Begin??Revolution All Begin??

England, Great Britain, The UK

Other discoveries

–Seed drill

(invented by Jethro Tull)• (Don’t need to copy this part – just an FYI: It

planted seeds into the soil instead of using 10 lbs of seed per acre; only 2 lbs of seeds were used. It also yielded 10x more food and wasted less.)

–New crops: corn, potatoResults of Ag. Rev.

–More food available

–Population increased

Cottage IndustryCottage Industry

Merchants role–Supplied materials (wool, cotton)

to cottages to be spun–Took supplies from cottage to

cottage–Sell product for more than

material and labor

Capitalism–Economic system based on

• Private ownership• Free competition• Profit

–Cottage industry example of early capitalism

Effects of Capitalism/ Cottage industry–Big profits–Alternative source of income for

peasants

Textile Industry – Factory SystemTextile Industry – Factory System

Textile Industry Invented

–Cottages couldn’t keep up with demand (People wanted more than what was available.)

–New Inventions :• (wait for pictures

on the next slides…)

Spinning JennySpinning Jenny

Water FrameWater Frame

Power LoomPower Loom

Power Power LoomLoom

As it As it improves, improves,

does this look does this look like it can fit like it can fit in a cottage in a cottage

room???room???

Cotton GinCotton Gin

Significance of Textiles for the IR

–Textiles were the FIRST industry/the first product that factories ever mass produced

Rise of the Factory

–New machines, too big for cottage

–Factory located near power source (water)

Factory System

–Division of labor

–Specialization of function

Think/DiscussThink/DiscussLife in the factoryLife in the factory

What is good about this kind of work?

What is bad about this kind of work?

Assembly Line: Assembly Line: “Repetition Makes you Stop Caring”“Repetition Makes you Stop Caring”

Effects of Textile Factories

–Price of good lower – mass produced

–Industry increased – demand

–Villagers left to find work in factories – urban center grew