Agriculture Requires Engineering: Design an Egg Catcher - 4-H
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1 Minimum Completion Time 45 minutes Skill Level Intermediate Age 11-13 Learner Outcomes • Uses the engineering design process • Recognizes economics in materials tests and design constraints Science Skills • Build/construct • Collaborate • Draw/design • Optimize • Problem solve Life Skills • Solve problems • Reason • Perform as a team Educational Standards • Abilities of technological design • Science and technology in society • Science as a human endeavor Success Indicator • Tests materials • Builds and tests an egg catcher design • Chick Embryology • Inside the Hen House • Egg Nutrition • What Chickens Eat • Backyard Chickens • Egg Processing • Keep the Birds Cool • Poultry Egg Institute Agriculture Requires Engineering: Desi g n an E gg Catcher How do eggs get from the hens to the grocery store? How can they be collected safely? Billions of eggs are produced and distributed to grocery stores every year. How do today’s farmers collect hen eggs? By hand? By machine? Using some engineering and design skills, try to build and test an egg catcher. You will need to ask questions, work within constraints and test prototypes as you work. Do ••• 1. Gather these materials: 8 sheets of paper, 50 cm of tape, 1 egg, meter stick, plastic bag to cover the floor, copy of Egg Catcher Observation Log. 2. Think about the challenge: Design a free-standing egg catcher using 8 sheets of paper and 50 cm of tape that will safely catch an egg dropped from the height of 1 meter. 3. Use the Observation Log and the design process to ask questions and imagine some solutions. 4. Draw a diagram of your best idea. 5. Create your prototype using only 8 pages of paper and 50 cm of tape. Remember, your design must be free- standing; you cannot hold it or tape it to the floor. 6. Put the egg catcher on top of the plastic bag to avoid messes. Test your design by dropping the egg from a height of one meter. A successful design catches an egg without causing it to break or crack. 7. If successful, try from additional heights. If unsuccessful, throw out the messy egg catcher and damaged egg. 8. Improve your design. Engineers try new designs and test them. Can you produce a better design? Acknowledgements: Robert L. Horton, PhD, Ohio State University Extension, Carol Warkentien and Jeanne Gogolski, EP&P LLC Content adapted from CHS (www.chsinc.com) web pages. The 4-H Name and Emblem is protected under 18 USC 707. Support for this resource was provided by: No endorsement of a commercial entity or its products or services is intended or implied. Learn More Virtual Fun News & Careers
Transcript of Agriculture Requires Engineering: Design an Egg Catcher - 4-H
design process • Recognizes economics
Science Skills • Build/construct • Collaborate • Draw/design • Optimize • Problem solve
Life Skills • Solve problems • Reason • Perform as a team
Educational Standards • Abilities of
technological design • Science and
endeavor
catcher design
• Chick Embryology
• Poultry Egg Institute
Agriculture Requires Engineering:
Design an Egg Catcher How do eggs get from the hens to the grocery store? How can they be collected safely?
Billions of eggs are produced and distributed to grocery stores every year. How do today’s farmers collect hen eggs? By hand? By machine? Using some engineering and design skills, try to build and test an egg catcher. You will need to ask questions, work within constraints and test prototypes as you work.
Do • • • 1. Gather these materials: 8 sheets of paper, 50 cm of
tape, 1 egg, meter stick, plastic bag to cover the floor, copy of Egg Catcher Observation Log.
2. Think about the challenge: Design a free-standing egg catcher using 8 sheets of paper and 50 cm of tape that will safely catch an egg dropped from the height of 1 meter.
3. Use the Observation Log and the design process to ask questions and imagine some solutions.
4. Draw a diagram of your best idea. 5. Create your prototype using only 8 pages of paper and
50 cm of tape. Remember, your design must be free- standing; you cannot hold it or tape it to the floor.
6. Put the egg catcher on top of the plastic bag to avoid messes. Test your design by dropping the egg from a height of one meter. A successful design catches an egg without causing it to break or crack.
7. If successful, try from additional heights. If unsuccessful, throw out the messy egg catcher and damaged egg.
8. Improve your design. Engineers try new designs and test them. Can you produce a better design?
Acknowledgements: Robert L. Horton, PhD, Ohio State University Extension, Carol Warkentien and Jeanne Gogolski, EP&P LLC
Content adapted from CHS (www.chsinc.com) web pages.
The 4-H Name and Emblem is protected under 18 USC 707. Support for this resource was provided by:
No endorsement of a commercial entity or its products or services is intended or implied.
Learn More
Virtual Fun
News & Careers
Share • • • Was your design successful? Describe what happened when you dropped the egg.
Reflect • • • Go back to the drawing board! What could you do to improve your design?
Generalize • • • Consider other challenges that poultry farmers face: feeding and housing flocks, cleaning, packaging and transporting eggs. What kinds of problems have agricultural engineers solved?
Apply • • • Look at other objects around your house. What could you do to improve the design of something?
Name ————————————————
Date ————————————————
Records—Intermediate Level Agriculture Requires Engineering: Design an Egg Catcher
The 4-H Name and Emblem is protected under 18 USC 707. Support for this resource was provided by:
No endorsement of a commercial entity or its products or services is intended or implied.
Background Information
More Challenges
• Add constraints to the challenge: reduce the amount of tape and/or paper, set a time limit for building the model, catch more than one egg.
• Research problems that poultry farmers face. How has engineering helped to solve some of those problems?
Glossary prototype—sample or model built to test an idea
engineering design process—five simple steps are ask, imagine, plan, create, and improve
constraints—a limit or restriction in the design process
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Engineers design solutions to problems. Agricultural engineers, environmental engineers, mechanical engineers, and many others work on solving the problems that face egg producers. They have invented machinery, improved production systems, and found ways to take care of the environment. Engineers have designed solutions for feeding and housing large numbers of chickens, seeing inside eggs, cleaning, packing, and transporting large numbers of eggs, and designing irrigation and drainage systems related to the environment.
At the heart of engineering is the Engineering Design Process, a highly flexible process used by engineers. Steps in the process include
identifying a need, defining the problem, conducting research, analyzing constraints, finding alternative solutions,
analyzing possible solutions, constructing a prototype, testing solutions, communicating the solutions, and
redesigning. The simplified Engineering Design Process uses five steps: ask, imagine, plan, create, and improve.
Whether it is for a large poultry operation or a small backyard flock of chickens, engineers design solutions for housing, feeding, and keeping the birds safe, as well as collecting and distributing the eggs, and maintaining a clean and healthy environment.
The U.S. produces about 75 billion eggs a year. That’s 280 million birds laying from 250 to 300 eggs each. In modern henhouses, computers control the lighting, which triggers egg laying. Most eggs are laid between 7 and 11 a.m. A hen requires about 24 to 26 hours to produce an egg.
There are 7 to 17 thousand tiny pores on the shell surface. As the egg ages, these tiny holes permit moisture and carbon dioxide to move out and air to move in to form the air cell. The egg can also absorb refrigerator odors through the pores, so always refrigerate eggs in their cartons.
You can have fun dyeing eggs with things from the kitchen by using fruits, vegetables and their peels and juices, herbs and spices and even coffee.
Eggshells also make a good addition to your compost.
The 4-H Name and Emblem is protected under 18 USC 707. Support for this resource was provided by:
No endorsement of a commercial entity or its products or services is intended or implied.
*Grid/1-pica squares
*Grid/1-cm squares
*Grid/1-pica lines
*Grid/1-cm lines
3. Plan: Draw a diagram of one idea for an egg catcher. How can paper be a cushion to safely catch your egg? Do materials testing; use scrap paper and test a few of your ideas. After you test the materials, draw a diagram of your best egg catcher here.
4. Create: Build a prototype (model). Use 8 sheets of paper and 50 cm of tape to build an egg catcher that can stand on its own. Test: Egg dropped at 1 meter height. Successful test? Yes ––––––––––– No ––––––––––– Test: Egg dropped at ––––––––––– meter height. Successful test? Yes ––––––––––– No ––––––––––– Test: Egg dropped at ––––––––––– meter height. Successful test? Yes ––––––––––– No –––––––––––
5. Improve: How could you improve your design?
4
Name ————————————————
Date ————————————————
Observation Log
Adapted from Engineering is Elementary Museum of Science, Boston, www.mos.org/eie
Design a good egg catcher using paper and tape!
Design Brief 1. Ask: What is the need? What is the problem?
How can you safely catch an egg after the chicken lays it?
Science Skills • Build/construct • Collaborate • Draw/design • Optimize • Problem solve
Life Skills • Solve problems • Reason • Perform as a team
Educational Standards • Abilities of
technological design • Science and
endeavor
catcher design
• Chick Embryology
• Poultry Egg Institute
Agriculture Requires Engineering:
Design an Egg Catcher How do eggs get from the hens to the grocery store? How can they be collected safely?
Billions of eggs are produced and distributed to grocery stores every year. How do today’s farmers collect hen eggs? By hand? By machine? Using some engineering and design skills, try to build and test an egg catcher. You will need to ask questions, work within constraints and test prototypes as you work.
Do • • • 1. Gather these materials: 8 sheets of paper, 50 cm of
tape, 1 egg, meter stick, plastic bag to cover the floor, copy of Egg Catcher Observation Log.
2. Think about the challenge: Design a free-standing egg catcher using 8 sheets of paper and 50 cm of tape that will safely catch an egg dropped from the height of 1 meter.
3. Use the Observation Log and the design process to ask questions and imagine some solutions.
4. Draw a diagram of your best idea. 5. Create your prototype using only 8 pages of paper and
50 cm of tape. Remember, your design must be free- standing; you cannot hold it or tape it to the floor.
6. Put the egg catcher on top of the plastic bag to avoid messes. Test your design by dropping the egg from a height of one meter. A successful design catches an egg without causing it to break or crack.
7. If successful, try from additional heights. If unsuccessful, throw out the messy egg catcher and damaged egg.
8. Improve your design. Engineers try new designs and test them. Can you produce a better design?
Acknowledgements: Robert L. Horton, PhD, Ohio State University Extension, Carol Warkentien and Jeanne Gogolski, EP&P LLC
Content adapted from CHS (www.chsinc.com) web pages.
The 4-H Name and Emblem is protected under 18 USC 707. Support for this resource was provided by:
No endorsement of a commercial entity or its products or services is intended or implied.
Learn More
Virtual Fun
News & Careers
Share • • • Was your design successful? Describe what happened when you dropped the egg.
Reflect • • • Go back to the drawing board! What could you do to improve your design?
Generalize • • • Consider other challenges that poultry farmers face: feeding and housing flocks, cleaning, packaging and transporting eggs. What kinds of problems have agricultural engineers solved?
Apply • • • Look at other objects around your house. What could you do to improve the design of something?
Name ————————————————
Date ————————————————
Records—Intermediate Level Agriculture Requires Engineering: Design an Egg Catcher
The 4-H Name and Emblem is protected under 18 USC 707. Support for this resource was provided by:
No endorsement of a commercial entity or its products or services is intended or implied.
Background Information
More Challenges
• Add constraints to the challenge: reduce the amount of tape and/or paper, set a time limit for building the model, catch more than one egg.
• Research problems that poultry farmers face. How has engineering helped to solve some of those problems?
Glossary prototype—sample or model built to test an idea
engineering design process—five simple steps are ask, imagine, plan, create, and improve
constraints—a limit or restriction in the design process
3
Engineers design solutions to problems. Agricultural engineers, environmental engineers, mechanical engineers, and many others work on solving the problems that face egg producers. They have invented machinery, improved production systems, and found ways to take care of the environment. Engineers have designed solutions for feeding and housing large numbers of chickens, seeing inside eggs, cleaning, packing, and transporting large numbers of eggs, and designing irrigation and drainage systems related to the environment.
At the heart of engineering is the Engineering Design Process, a highly flexible process used by engineers. Steps in the process include
identifying a need, defining the problem, conducting research, analyzing constraints, finding alternative solutions,
analyzing possible solutions, constructing a prototype, testing solutions, communicating the solutions, and
redesigning. The simplified Engineering Design Process uses five steps: ask, imagine, plan, create, and improve.
Whether it is for a large poultry operation or a small backyard flock of chickens, engineers design solutions for housing, feeding, and keeping the birds safe, as well as collecting and distributing the eggs, and maintaining a clean and healthy environment.
The U.S. produces about 75 billion eggs a year. That’s 280 million birds laying from 250 to 300 eggs each. In modern henhouses, computers control the lighting, which triggers egg laying. Most eggs are laid between 7 and 11 a.m. A hen requires about 24 to 26 hours to produce an egg.
There are 7 to 17 thousand tiny pores on the shell surface. As the egg ages, these tiny holes permit moisture and carbon dioxide to move out and air to move in to form the air cell. The egg can also absorb refrigerator odors through the pores, so always refrigerate eggs in their cartons.
You can have fun dyeing eggs with things from the kitchen by using fruits, vegetables and their peels and juices, herbs and spices and even coffee.
Eggshells also make a good addition to your compost.
The 4-H Name and Emblem is protected under 18 USC 707. Support for this resource was provided by:
No endorsement of a commercial entity or its products or services is intended or implied.
*Grid/1-pica squares
*Grid/1-cm squares
*Grid/1-pica lines
*Grid/1-cm lines
3. Plan: Draw a diagram of one idea for an egg catcher. How can paper be a cushion to safely catch your egg? Do materials testing; use scrap paper and test a few of your ideas. After you test the materials, draw a diagram of your best egg catcher here.
4. Create: Build a prototype (model). Use 8 sheets of paper and 50 cm of tape to build an egg catcher that can stand on its own. Test: Egg dropped at 1 meter height. Successful test? Yes ––––––––––– No ––––––––––– Test: Egg dropped at ––––––––––– meter height. Successful test? Yes ––––––––––– No ––––––––––– Test: Egg dropped at ––––––––––– meter height. Successful test? Yes ––––––––––– No –––––––––––
5. Improve: How could you improve your design?
4
Name ————————————————
Date ————————————————
Observation Log
Adapted from Engineering is Elementary Museum of Science, Boston, www.mos.org/eie
Design a good egg catcher using paper and tape!
Design Brief 1. Ask: What is the need? What is the problem?
How can you safely catch an egg after the chicken lays it?
