Agriculture and Food Production
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Transcript of Agriculture and Food Production
Agriculture and Food Production
Chapter 8 Review
Modern Food Systems
Hunter-gatherer Pastoralism Horticulture/Gardening Subsistence Agriculture Commercial/
Industrialized Agriculture
Agriculture’s Eco-footprint
Environmental Issues
Agriculture accounts for a large portion of global greenhouse gas emissions.
Deforestation (soy/corn/meat)
Chemical Pollution Soil Degradation Loss of biodiversity
Consumption and Food Security
Inequalities in production and distribution have resulted in widespread malnutrition and overconsumption.
Source: www.nextgenerationfood.com
Lecture Overview Vertical Integration
and Commodity Chains
Industrial Agriculture
Delocalization and Seasonality
Quinoa-Often
referred to as the “mother grain”
-A pillar of the Incan
food system
Delocalization
Domestication Hearths
Commodification
Agricultural Commodities
Vertical integration
Source: www.emeraldinsight.com
Quinoa Subsistence Agriculture is a
system in which agriculturists consume all they produce.
Commercial agriculture is a system in which farmers produce crops and animals primarily for sale rather than for direct consumption.
(page 299)
Monocropping-Chemical farming involves
increased fertilizer
and pesticide
use.
Beef
Masai Pastoralism involves the breeding and
herding of animals to satisfy the human needs for food, shelter,
and clothing.
The Masai have a local and seasonal diet of blood and
milk.
Energy Efficiency-Energy is lost along the food
chain
-Industrialized agriculture disrupts the
energy balance.
Source: www.tutorvista.com
The Sacred Cow
Many food stressed communities in rural India refrain from eating
cows but use the milk for sustenance, and the dung for
heating and cooking.
Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations (CAFO)
CAFOs use large quantities of
antibiotics and growth hormones.
Waste Lagoons Intensive
agriculture contributes significantly to water pollution, Greenhouse Gas Emissions (carbon dioxide and methane), and climate change.
The True Cost Of Food
Seasonality and Delocalization
Peaches are grown in developing nations year round and exported to developed nations.
Globalization and modern agriculture techniques allow for a commercial food system with very little seasonality.
Solutions? Urban Agriculture Genetically Modified
Organisms Intensive Irrigation Organic Farming Local Diets Dietary Changes
Thank You