Agricultural Mechanization and Sustainability
Transcript of Agricultural Mechanization and Sustainability
Visions on electric drive components for implements and trailers
29th Members’ Meeting of the Club of Bologna
Agricultural Mechanization and Sustainability10-11 November 2019
Hannover, Germany
Manfred Auer – [email protected]
29th Members’ Meeting of the Club of BolognaHannover, November 10-11, 2019
Tractor evolution for increased tractive force
Source: Köckerling
Source: John-Deere.com
Source: tractortube.com
Source: Claas.com
Source: mms-agriline.deSource: John-Deere.com
Technical development • Main development 2WD -> 4WD
• Power on demand / use entire tractor weight for traction• 4WD with same tire size
• Increased traction but front tires compact soil more• Rubber tracks
• Decreased soil compaction / expensive and increased weight
29th Members’ Meeting of the Club of BolognaHannover, November 10-11, 2019
Tractor evolution reach its limit
Limiting factors to provide traction force• Technical/physical • Legal restrictions of tractor – implement combination• Agronomic limits (soil fertility decreases noticeably)
Next step implement traction assist• Using its weight / relieve the tractor
Source: traction-magazin.de
Source: traction-magazin.de
Source: Modified W. Söhne
29th Members’ Meeting of the Club of BolognaHannover, November 10-11, 2019
Solutions for providing electric power
ZF Terra+Hydrostatic powersplit transmission with integrated electric generator module
ZF eTerramaticElectric powersplit transmission with functional integration of ePTO
Source: ZF 2008
Source: ZF 2019
Source: deere.comSource: Fendt.com
Electric generator btw. Engine and transmission
Electric generator mounted on front PTO
Source: agritechnica.com
John-Deere eAutoPowerElectric powersplit transmission with functional integration of ePTO
29th Members’ Meeting of the Club of BolognaHannover, November 10-11, 2019
Electric Implement Traction drive
Properties• Feasibility given by electrified tractor (e.g. eCVT)• Increased flexibility and controllability – speed and torque control• System which is very flexible in its use
• Tractor boost can be utilized without overloading Tractor driveline• Tractor service weight can be kept low, no excessive ballasting, lower rolling resistance• Efficient electric system• Additional effort necessary to integrate electric power generator
in existing tractor architecture Interesting alternative – combines advantages of mechanical & hydrostatical drives
Electric vs. hydrostatic & mechanical
29th Members’ Meeting of the Club of BolognaHannover, November 10-11, 2019
Electric Systems Architecture:Collaboration across company bordersTraction Management & Control • Tractor:
• Tractor/implement traction drive management• Engine power• 4WD clutch• Differential locks• …
Entire tractive performance of tractor & implement governed by tractor
Integration of electric traction drives• Requires collaboration btw. Companies:
• Definition of System Architecture• Specify requirements/interfaces• Design / Validation
Various implements need to match different tractors
29th Members’ Meeting of the Club of BolognaHannover, November 10-11, 2019
Electric Implement Traction drive Market and Application Requirements:Application groups for electric traction drive• All types of trailers regardless of the size of tractor• Implements
• by heavy, pull-type primary and secondary tillage• With/ without combined seeders
• hitched to the tractor with little / no load to the tractor
Source: John-Deere.com
Source: Zunhammer.com Source: Fliegl.com
Source: Amazone.com
Source: Amazone.com
29th Members’ Meeting of the Club of BolognaHannover, November 10-11, 2019
Electric Implement Traction drive Market and Application Requirements:Key parameters for the development• Tractive force:
• Starting from Standstill or over a wide speed range (0-60 kph)
• Wheel and axle load:• Field and legal requirements• Changing in use based on duty cycle
• Effective rolling diameter• Rollers for soil tillage until large transport tires
• Vehicle and work speed• Speed range from 0 – 60 kph• Tractive force support from 0 – 20 kph
• Installation space• Most important requirement in existing implements• Implement space will maybe increase to exploit full electric traction drives potential
• System cost• Value analysis required of assemblies to ensure total costs are adhered to
29th Members’ Meeting of the Club of BolognaHannover, November 10-11, 2019
Electric Implement Traction drive Solution Finding:Agricultural trailers• Electric axle drive
• Incl. optional transfer box for multi-axle drive • Extension with
• range gear shaft (field/road)• Inter-axle differential incl. diff. lock
Agricultural implements and spec. trailers• Electric wheel hub drives
• Compromise btw. • Mechanical effort (gear set)• Size of installed power (electric motor)
• Technical kit required
Source: John-Deere.com
Source: Amazone.com
Source: Fliegl.com
eTDA(ZF - Electric central Drive)
eTDW(ZF - Electric wheel Drive)
PS1 = 142kWimech = 3,4noutput_max = 2.500 rpm
PS1 = 60kWimech = 35,8noutput_max = 210 rpmToutput_max = 16.500Nm
29th Members’ Meeting of the Club of BolognaHannover, November 10-11, 2019
Electric Implement Traction drive Solution Finding:Technical kit• Different requirements customer/application based
Electric motor
Transmission ratio
traction force; load at wheel; max. working speed; max. transport speed; installation space; cooling
Brake (option)
Decoupling device
Customer requirementsTire size; max. speed E-Motor
Power; torque; speed
with / without actuation
mechanical interface for actuation
Free-wheel Shift- and controllable
Drum brake multi disc brake
Max. Traction wide velocity range
Low Power (48V)
Medium Power (HV)
High Power (HV)
No decoupling
Cooling
Disc brake
29th Members’ Meeting of the Club of BolognaHannover, November 10-11, 2019
Application ProjectsCollaboration across company bordersElectric traction drive on plough wheelTechn. Data:
• Tire diameter: 0,9m; Load on tire: 1,8t• Theoretical pulling force with eTDW80: 12,2 kN @ 8kph (S1)
Partner: PÖTTINGER Landtechnik GmbHGoal:
• increase system traction and performance (ha/hour)• Development of drive strategy (software) in combination with
tractor drivelineFindings:
• Increased performance up to 33% (two additional blades due to increased system traction)
• Slippage & rolling resistance on tractor can be reduced due to less ballasting
• Boost power of tractor can be used during ploughing• Average electric power consumption: ~23 kW
Challenge: • Development of a “system drive strategy” that covers different
situations like starting ploughing, turning, transport.
Source: Pöttinger
Source: ZF
29th Members’ Meeting of the Club of BolognaHannover, November 10-11, 2019
Application ProjectsCollaboration across company bordersElectric traction drive on a trailerTechn. Data:
• Tire diameter: 1,1m• Load on axle: max. 10t• theoretical pulling force (axle):
• 13,6 kN @ 5kph • 12,2 kN @ 20kph
Partners: Fliegl AgrartechnikGoal:
• Increase system traction in field• Downsizing of tractor (weight) to increase load capacity on trailer Increase of performance (tons/hour)
• Increase stability in slope condition and during cornering• Development of drive strategy (software) in combination with
tractor drivelineFindings:
• Increase of system performance and additional power possible without negative influence to the tractor driveline
• increase of safety due to automated electric braking by using transmission data (avoid coasting and jack-knifing)
29th Members’ Meeting of the Club of BolognaHannover, November 10-11, 2019
Application ProjectsCollaboration across company bordersElectric traction drive on a slurry injectorTechn. Data:
• Diameter roller/drum: 0,6m• Load at roller/drum: 2,4t• theoretical pulling force with eTDW80: 17,3 kN @ 8kph (S1)
Partners: TU Dresden, TU München, Hugo Vogelsang GmbH
Goal:• Traction support for slurry tanker and injection implement• Higher efficiency: Strip-Till technology for fertilizer injection can
be utilized with a much larger working width• Tillage functionality in parallel to traction support• Find optimum for traction and tillage functionality
Findings:• High traction potential of a roller/drum (23kN pulling force)
Source: TU Dresden
Source: TU DresdenSource: TU Dresden
Source: TU Dresden
29th Members’ Meeting of the Club of BolognaHannover, November 10-11, 2019
Summary:
Visions on electric drive components for implements and trailers• Use of electric power is in the future expected for
• the optimization and automation of work processes• Improving tractive performance of tractor/implement combinations
• Using the weight of implements for creating traction is seen as a logical next step
• Different solutions are under development to provide electrical power on the tractor
• Most favorable applications:• Agricultural trailers • Heavy primary and secondary tillage equipment
• Flexible portfolio/technical kit required for• Electric axle drives• Wheel hub drives
• Technical kit: modular structure for managing complexity & system costs
• Tractor, implement and component manufacturers need to work closely together Fully exploit the potentials of electric traction drive solutions
29th Members’ Meeting of the Club of BolognaHannover, November 10-11, 2019
Thank you for your attention
Visit - ZF Friedrichshafen AGAgritechnicahall 15; booth D03