Agreement of , articles and adjectives

Remember rule. They dictate what gender (feminine/masculine) and

number (singular/plural) the articles and the adjectives must be

Remember, Nouns are persons, places or things

• The girl la chica• The man el hombre• A woman una mujer• The house la casa• An apartment un apartamento• The school la escuela• The hat el sombrero• A shirt una camisa

Articles

• We have two types of articles, definite and indefinite articles.

• The definite article in English is the.In Spanish we have four forms of the:Masculine = el Feminine = laMasc. plural = los Fem. plural= las

The indefinite article in English is a/an. In Spanish we have two forms for a/an, and two forms for the plural, some:

Masculine = un Feminine = una Masc. plural = unos Fem. Plural = unas

Adjectivesare describing words

• singular plural» masc. Fem. Masc. Fem.

• Beautiful =bonito, bonita, bonitos, bonitas

• Fat = gordo, gorda, gordos, gordas

• Big= grande, grandes,

• Blue = azul, azules,

• Brown= marrón, marrones

Nouns

• Nouns in Spanish are either masculine or feminine. Usually:

• Nouns that end in –o are masculine, like chico, pelo, perro, gato, vestido, zapato, etc.

• Nouns that end in –a are feminine, like chica, camisa, falda, blusa, camiseta, etc.

• But other nouns will end in different letters, so that you will have to memorize them with an article to remember their gender, i.e.:

• El suéter, el calcetín, el color, la comunidad, etc.

Nouns that refer to people are naturally either feminine or masculine, like:

Un/el hombre Una/la mujerUn/el chico Una/la chica

But most other nouns are feminine or masculine without any specific masculine or feminine meaning, like:

Un/el vestido which is masculine but is worn by females.Una/la camisa which is feminine but can be worn by males

or females.

What agrees with nouns?

• The article, definite or indefinite, and the adjective(s) must agree with the noun they refer to. Example:

• Pablo lleva una camisa blanca y una chaqueta negra. (una and blanca must agree with camisa, not with Pablo).

• María lleva un sombrero rosado y unos zapatos rojos. (un and rosado must agree with sombrero, and unos y rojos must agree with zapatos, not with María).

Practicamos: fill in the blank

• Los amigos _________

• ____ familia grande

• Los países _________

• El estudiante _________

• ____ chicas bonitas

• ___ bolsa pequeña

• La mujer _______