Agile Requirements Engineering RE_… · Design Thinking@Insiders Bring different expertise...
Transcript of Agile Requirements Engineering RE_… · Design Thinking@Insiders Bring different expertise...
Michael Ehresmann, Michael Rölle, Christian Sporer
Agile Requirements Engineering
Insiders Technologies
Leading vendor
„intelligent document processing and business process optimization“
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Insiders Technologies Founded 1998 German Research Center for Artificial Intelligence (DFKI) 120 Employees
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More than 800
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Insiders Technologies
Industries: Insurance & financial services
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Insiders Technologies
Industries: Manufacturing, Retail
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Insiders world-wide
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Multichannel Management
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Multichannel-Management
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Archiv
ERP
CRM
Konfiguration Administration
Extraktion Klassifikation
Verifikation
Reporting
Intelligente Kopplung an Geschäftsprozesse
4 Nach-
bearbeitung
3
Automatische Analyse
2 Anbindung aller Eingangskanäle
1
Analysedienst
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A B D C
KLASSIFIKATION UND EXTRAKTION DER RELEVANTEN DATEN
1 NACHBEARBEITUNG DER AUSGELESENEN DATEN
2
INTELLIGENTE KOPPLUNG AN GESCHÄFTSPROZESSE
3
ARCHIV PDF/A
CRM/ERP
Working Fields
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Image Processing Self-Learning Autoadaption Domain Specific Language Search Technologies Content Classification
Technologies
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Web Verifier
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Insiders App
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INTELLIGENT E-MAIL
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smart E-MAIL PILOT
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Insiders Technologies
Insiders-technologies.de
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Research & Development
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Joint R&D Lab
Insiders Technologies is a
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Development@Insiders
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Design Thinking Scrum & eXtreme Programming
Design Thinking@Insiders
Bring different expertise together
Put the customer into the center – empathy phase
Set up a space for creativity
Let the team produce prototypes
Fail early and often - Test prototypes and learn
Find best ideas and solutions
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SCRUM@Insiders
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The Product Backlog
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Requirements Document
Ordered Featurelist
Product Backlog Item
The Product Backlog
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PRIORITY - ORDER HIGH
LOW
Product Backlog Item
The Product Backlog
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Prouct Backlog Itemem
User Stories Examples Use Cases
A promise for a conversation – User Story
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What is a good User Story?
Independent
Negotiable
Valuable
Estimable
Small
Testable
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Build right or Right product?
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Right product
Build right
Specification by example Com
mun
ity fo
cus
in la
st 1
0 ye
ars
Maintenance nightmare
Useless crap
Success Business failure
The process
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business goals deriving scope from
goals
specification with
examples
specifying collaboratively illustrating
using examples
scope (user stories, …)
refining the specification
key examples
Deriving scope from goals
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Deriving scope from goals
As a jet pilot, I want the F16 to fly Mach 2.5, so that I can espace any fight.
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Deriving scope from goals
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specification with
examples
The process
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business goals deriving scope from
goals
specifying collaboratively illustrating
using examples
scope (user stories, …)
refining the specification
key examples
Specify collaboratively
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Developer Tester Business Analyst
Illustrating using examples
Best Practices Realistic examples No abstract equivalence classes (e.g. smaller than 10) No combinatorial task to find examples only key examples No clean copy use pen & paper Lo-Fi prototypes for the GUI Play with the data to find new examples
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specification with
examples
The process
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business goals deriving scope from
goals
specifying collaboratively illustrating
using examples
scope (user stories, …)
key examples
refining the specification
Refining the specification
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Rules • Free delivery is offered to VIP customers once they purchase a certain
number of books. • The minimum number of books to get free delivery is five • Free delivery is not offered to regular customers • Free delivery is not offered to VIP customers buying anything other than
books Examples
Customer type Cart contents Delivery Customer type Cart contents Delivery VIP 5 books Free
Customer type Cart contents Delivery VIP 5 books Free VIP 4 books Standard
Customer type Cart contents Delivery VIP 5 books Free VIP 4 books Standard
Regular 10 books Standard
Customer type Cart contents Delivery VIP 5 books Free VIP 4 books Standard
Regular 10 books Standard VIP 5 washing machines Standard
Customer type Cart contents Delivery VIP 5 books Free VIP 4 books Standard
Regular 10 books Standard VIP 5 washing machines Standard VIP 5 books, 1 washing machine Standard
An Example
Use Context
As a customer I want to see the availability of a computer configuration so that I can change my configuration based on what is available.
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possible stock states for parts: • Available
• Ordered
• Out of stock
CPU
RAM
HDD
Main-board
An Example
Use Context
As a customer I want to see the availability of a computer configuration so that I can change my configuration based on what is available.
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possible stock states for parts: • Available
• Ordered
• Out of stock
CPU
RAM
HDD
Main-board
Let‘s specify collaboratively!
The Solution
Rules
If all parts are available the computer is available
If at least one part is out of stock, then the computer is out of stock
If no part is out of stock and at least one part is ordered, then the computer is ordered
(An empty or incomplete configuration is not orderable)
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Agile Planning
Backlog Managment
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Rank Order
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Product Backlog Item
essential
dispensable
Level of Detail
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Product Backlog Item
fine-grained i.e., small user stories
coarse-grained i.e., epics
20 %
80 %
size
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Product Backlog Item Product Backlog Item
Backlog Grooming
Backlog Grooming
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rearrange split
1
How to estimate ?
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1
Choose a reference
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1
Estimate the size
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possible values: 0, ½, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 20, 40, 100,
1
Estimate the size
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possible values: 0, ½, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 20, 40, 100,
1
Estimate the size
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possible values: 0, ½, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 20, 40, 100,
Relative Estimation
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Magic Estimation Game!
Magic Estimation Game
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1 2 3 5 8 13 …
Magic Estimation Game
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Draw different columns on a board.
Label each column with one number representing the size of the items.
The Product Owner presents each item to the team.
The Product Owner distributes the items randomly and evenly among the team.
Each team member chooses the right column (i.e. size) for his items.
Once all items are on the board, the team members can change other estimations.
Items that often change columns are removed from the board and discussed
afterwards.
Using the Magic Estimation Game, you can estimate a complete backlog within one
or two hours!
Release Planning
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Product Backlog Item
Iteration 1
Iteration 2
Iteration 3
Iteration 4
Release 1
Estimates are measured in story points. I know my team can implement 20 story points in one iteration. If the product backlog contains 80 points of items, we will need 4 iterations.
Story Map – 2 dimensional backlog
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Epics
Stories
Story Map – 2 dimensional backlog
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Find the epics – the big stories - for your product Bring the epics into the right order. The most important epic is on the top left. After that, assign each backlog item to the corresponding epic. Order the Items for instance with lines as priority. In the scope of an epic, it should be very easy to order the items.
The first line in the Story Map is your smallest possible product.
Conclusion
Agile specification is teamwork.
The customer is part of the team.
Backlog grooming is a steady process.
For each requirement, choose the right technique.
Do not rely on a single specification technique.
Prioritize the requirements on the basis of their business value.
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The books
• Gojko Adzic: Specification by Example: How Successful Teams Deliver the Right Software, 978-1617290084
• Kent Beck: Extreme Programming Explained: Embrace Change. Addison-Wesley, 0201616416
• Mike Cohn: User Stories Applied. For Agile Software Development. Addison-Wesley, 978-0-321-20568-1
• Mike Cohn: Agile Product Management with Scrum: Creating Products That Customers Love. Addison-Wesley, 9780321605788
• Robert C. Martin: Agile Estimating and Planning. Prentice Hall, 0131479415
• Ken Schwaber: Agile Software Development with Scrum. PEARSON STUDIUM, 978-0132074896
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Exercise
Specification by Example Friday, Febrary 13th 8:00 – 9:30 am
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